Just asking, anyone will be in POM for the symposium?



I will be in POM from september 1-15.



Umi bung na stori liklik.



ri

Ofcourse! Rodney,



  I'm planning to be there from early August until Sept.8

(last day of symposium).



What about the 'condom suit' & the plan to distribute

condoms in night clubs.



William





--------------------------------------

Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Ofcourse! Rodney,

I'm planning to be there from early August until Sept.8
(last day of symposium).

What about the 'condom suit' & the plan to distribute
condoms in night clubs.

William

--------------------------------------
Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Rodney,



I think they are not designed to put on your head. I may

be wrong try it on & let me know.



A young bloke in Manus told me that he was too shy to come

to hospital & ask for condom & to buy at the pharmacy so

he just used a shopping bag (plastic bag) instead! Really,

funny bloke!



The same guy, one day he had a fish bone stuck in his

throat & we asked him to have it checked out at the

hospital but he said, he was too scared to come. Anyway,

he struggled for several days infront of the mirrow,

pulling his own tounge forward & trying to grab the fish

bone with the other hand. He threw-up (vomited) several

times. However, after many many struggles for many days,

he eventually removed the fish bone himself & showed it to

me.



I also heard that people called him 'bush dr' because he

did some 'bush dr style' circumcission on his friends

outside the hospital. What a crazy guy! But he was a good

friend & he was a sort of follower to me in Manus.



William



--------------------------------------

Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

GMO are organisms with their natural genes altered using

recombinant DNA technology. They exclude spontaneous

mutations & crossbreeding.



Here is an exciting example: 'The Glowing Tabacco Plant'

(see picture below). The Light is the energy given off,

after reaction of Luciferin with oxygen, mediated by

Luciferase enzyme.



The gene for Luciferase from fire flies (Photinus pyralis)

is genetically engineered into a tabacco plant to make it

glow.



This is one of the methods for labelling cells for in vivo

studies by inserting 'glowing' genes into the cells to be

studied. Other labelling methods are dyes which are just

absorbed or adherent (binds) specifically to the cell

membrane, cytoplasm or the nucleus. They are easier to do.

See the example below (red), is the one I did for

practice. Bone marrow cells from rats have been labelled

with DiI to clearly visualize their cytosol as they

undergoe differentiation in vitro.



William



--------------------------------------

Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

GMO are organisms with their natural genes altered using
recombinant DNA technology. They exclude spontaneous
mutations & crossbreeding.

Here is an exciting example: 'The Glowing Tabacco Plant'
(see picture below). The Light is the energy given off,
after reaction of Luciferin with oxygen, mediated by
Luciferase enzyme.

The gene for Luciferase from fire flies (Photinus pyralis)
is genetically engineered into a tabacco plant to make it
glow.

This is one of the methods for labelling cells for in vivo
studies by inserting 'glowing' genes into the cells to be
studied. Other labelling methods are dyes which are just
absorbed or adherent (binds) specifically to the cell
membrane, cytoplasm or the nucleus. They are easier to do.
See the example below (red), is the one I did for
practice. Bone marrow cells from rats have been labelled
with DiI to clearly visualize their cytosol as they
undergoe differentiation in vitro.

William

--------------------------------------
Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Rodney,

I think they are not designed to put on your head. I may
be wrong try it on & let me know.

A young bloke in Manus told me that he was too shy to come
to hospital & ask for condom & to buy at the pharmacy so
he just used a shopping bag (plastic bag) instead! Really,
funny bloke!

The same guy, one day he had a fish bone stuck in his
throat & we asked him to have it checked out at the
hospital but he said, he was too scared to come. Anyway,
he struggled for several days infront of the mirrow,
pulling his own tounge forward & trying to grab the fish
bone with the other hand. He threw-up (vomited) several
times. However, after many many struggles for many days,
he eventually removed the fish bone himself & showed it to
me.

I also heard that people called him 'bush dr' because he
did some 'bush dr style' circumcission on his friends
outside the hospital. What a crazy guy! But he was a good
friend & he was a sort of follower to me in Manus.

William

--------------------------------------
Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Send instant messages to your online friends http://au.messenger.yahoo.com

Hi! all, I would like to gladly announce that our paper is

now published online. Unfortunately, special permission

(payment) is needed to access the journal to read the

entire paper. Please have a look at the abstract at this

site:

http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2007.33315.x



Basically, we tried to workout the mechanism of action of

3 scerosants that are commonly used here; absolute

ethanol, 1% polidocanol & OK-432.



We use sclerosants to sclerose vascular malformations in

many patients, for many years now but we do not fully

understand the mechanism of action.



We summarize & recommended that absolute ethanol may be

used for treating deeper vascular malformations and for

both high flow & low flow lesions. They sclerose the

vessels by firstly, causing the formation of precipitants

around which a clot is formed. This clot is important to

block of the blood flow beyond it thus, achieving

sclerosis.



Polidocanol, do not form a clot but directly destroys the

endothelium. It is painless upon injection & is useful for

treating low flow, superficial lesions.



OK-432 is a preparation of killed & freeze dried bacterial

particles. In vivo they induce the expression of cell

adhesion molecules (eg. ICAM-1 etc.) This effect increases

permeabillity, of any cystic lesions which helps drains

cystic fluids & prevents their build-up (recurrence). With

the adherence of cell adhesion molecules and fibrosis

secondary to the chronic inflammation, the cyst closes

off. It should be used to treat cystic lesions as well as

macrocystic lymphatic  malformation.



We are recruiting patients in PNG with vascular anomalies

to receive sclerotherapy. Please, if you come across any

such patients refer them to me or pass my email address to

them or refer them to Dr. Sam Endiken (ENT surgeon, Goroka

Base Hospital). I am planning to visit PNG again early

next year to attempt treatment of such patients. So far we

have seen 5 such patients in Goroka & 3 at PMGH. May be

there are many more out there not knowing that their

lesions can be treated.



I have seen a young melanesian girl of 16 years of age at

PMGH who received surgery for her venous malformation of

the right cheek area with horrible results. The surgery

was done in Melbourne, Australia. I wish it was left alone

in the first place.



Finally, take note that with the advance in technology,

surgery is becoming less and less invasive.



Thanks!



William







--------------------------------------

Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Hi! all, I would like to gladly announce that our paper is
now published online. Unfortunately, special permission
(payment) is needed to access the journal to read the
entire paper. Please have a look at the abstract at this
site:
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2007.33315.x

Basically, we tried to workout the mechanism of action of
3 scerosants that are commonly used here; absolute
ethanol, 1% polidocanol & OK-432.

We use sclerosants to sclerose vascular malformations in
many patients, for many years now but we do not fully
understand the mechanism of action.

We summarize & recommended that absolute ethanol may be
used for treating deeper vascular malformations and for
both high flow & low flow lesions. They sclerose the
vessels by firstly, causing the formation of precipitants
around which a clot is formed. This clot is important to
block of the blood flow beyond it thus, achieving
sclerosis.

Polidocanol, do not form a clot but directly destroys the
endothelium. It is painless upon injection & is useful for
treating low flow, superficial lesions.

OK-432 is a preparation of killed & freeze dried bacterial
particles. In vivo they induce the expression of cell
adhesion molecules (eg. ICAM-1 etc.) This effect increases
permeabillity, of any cystic lesions which helps drains
cystic fluids & prevents their build-up (recurrence). With
the adherence of cell adhesion molecules and fibrosis
secondary to the chronic inflammation, the cyst closes
off. It should be used to treat cystic lesions as well as
macrocystic lymphatic malformation.

We are recruiting patients in PNG with vascular anomalies
to receive sclerotherapy. Please, if you come across any
such patients refer them to me or pass my email address to
them or refer them to Dr. Sam Endiken (ENT surgeon, Goroka
Base Hospital). I am planning to visit PNG again early
next year to attempt treatment of such patients. So far we
have seen 5 such patients in Goroka & 3 at PMGH. May be
there are many more out there not knowing that their
lesions can be treated.

I have seen a young melanesian girl of 16 years of age at
PMGH who received surgery for her venous malformation of
the right cheek area with horrible results. The surgery
was done in Melbourne, Australia. I wish it was left alone
in the first place.

Finally, take note that with the advance in technology,
surgery is becoming less and less invasive.

Thanks!

William

--------------------------------------
Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Thanks Poyap for the positive comments.



I would like to bring up a point of discussion & that is

Government Health Insurance Scheme.



After returning to PNG last month I saw that PMGH is

slowly deteriorating & it seems that it will never get any

better or progress in terms of the quality of health

services it is providing.



Ofcourse donor aids may rescue us but remember donor aids

are intermittent things, they come & go. We need to

sustain & maintain those infrastructure in place and one

way of doing it is to introduce a government health

insurance scheme-could be an arm of the health department.



It should be made compulsory that all working people

should pay health insurance to the government (tha scheme)

every forthnight. If a million people pay K1 each than it

is already 1 million kina. Even the village people and the

unemployed or self employed people in Towns & cities can

pay K1 a fortnight. It is not a burden at all of them.

There should be a policy in place at all government

hospitals that 'no health insurance ID cards no health

service'.



The money collected from this insurance scheme can be used

to directly pay 70-80% of a person health services fee &

the person can bear the rest. In this way an individual is

paying a 100% of the health services fee & the hospital is

not 'drained' as well there is no economic burden on the

person.



Well there are 2 problems that I can imagine here:

1. Takes time & initially may be costly to start this

insurance scheme

2. Misappropriation of funds within this new system



Thanks! Any other opinion on this idea?



William







--------------------------------------

Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Wilie, I am impressed.



Continue to excell that way... Jt





>>> mol william <w_mol2003@...> 09/28/07 10:00 pm >>>



Hi! all, I would like to gladly announce that our paper is

now published online. Unfortunately, special permission

(payment) is needed to access the journal to read the

entire paper. Please have a look at the abstract at this

site:

http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2007.33315.x



Basically, we tried to workout the mechanism of action of

3 scerosants that are commonly used here; absolute

ethanol, 1% polidocanol & OK-432.



We use sclerosants to sclerose vascular malformations in

many patients, for many years now but we do not fully

understand the mechanism of action.



We summarize & recommended that absolute ethanol may be

used for treating deeper vascular malformations and for

both high flow & low flow lesions. They sclerose the

vessels by firstly, causing the formation of precipitants

around which a clot is formed. This clot is important to

block of the blood flow beyond it thus, achieving

sclerosis.



Polidocanol, do not form a clot but directly destroys the

endothelium. It is painless upon injection & is useful for

treating low flow, superficial lesions.



OK-432 is a preparation of killed & freeze dried bacterial

particles. In vivo they induce the expression of cell

adhesion molecules (eg. ICAM-1 etc.) This effect increases

permeabillity, of any cystic lesions which helps drains

cystic fluids & prevents their build-up (recurrence). With

the adherence of cell adhesion molecules and fibrosis

secondary to the chronic inflammation, the cyst closes

off. It should be used to treat cystic lesions as well as

macrocystic lymphatic  malformation.



We are recruiting patients in PNG with vascular anomalies

to receive sclerotherapy. Please, if you come across any

such patients refer them to me or pass my email address to

them or refer them to Dr. Sam Endiken (ENT surgeon, Goroka

Base Hospital). I am planning to visit PNG again early

next year to attempt treatment of such patients. So far we

have seen 5 such patients in Goroka & 3 at PMGH. May be

there are many more out there not knowing that their

lesions can be treated.



I have seen a young melanesian girl of 16 years of age at

PMGH who received surgery for her venous malformation of

the right cheek area with horrible results. The surgery

was done in Melbourne, Australia. I wish it was left alone

in the first place.



Finally, take note that with the advance in technology,

surgery is becoming less and less invasive.



Thanks!



William







--------------------------------------

Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Hi! Everyone,



happy & prosperous new year to all of you and continue to strive for the best.



While being attached at the Department of Plastic & Reconstructive surgery, here

at

Hokkaido University I was involved in 2 major projects.



1. To investigate the mechanism of action of sclerosants used to treat vascular

anomalies

as I have explained many times before (Please find our paper uploaded). The

clinical

aspect will be published in the new PNG science & technology journal. The PDF I

attached

covers the laboratory or in vitro aspect to try & investigate the basic

mechanism of action.



2. To create a facial-nerve palsy model, using rats and to investigate the

various

techniques of nerve anastomosis (The PDF is also uploaded). I am planning to

give a talk at

the grand rounds SMHS sometimes towards end of March this year regarding facial

nerve

palsy & the reconstruction & rehabillitation methods. Once the date is decided,

I will

anounce it using this forum.



Please find the papers in the 'Files' then go to 'Various articles' & then check

1. DSU-ScleroModel.pdf

2. FacNvPalsyModel.JPRAS



Please feel free to ask any questions, regarding these papers.



William Mol

Hi! Everyone, I've uploaded 2 more papers into the files section, 'various

articles by our

members':



1. Chop-stick rest technique of microvascular anastomosis

2. A new grading system for Treacher-Collins Syndrome.



Please check it out!



William

Hi! everyone,



I would like to discuss briefly about the above topic. The statin group of drugs

used in

hypercholesterolemia has been found to prevent the developement of cancer,

including

melanoma.



We hereby, using our in vitro testing systems has clearly showed these effects

using different

types of melanoma cell lines. Read the abstract here:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18337644?

ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDoc\

Su

m



The paper will be posted later.



Thanks!



William

Ofcourse! Rodney,

I'm planning to be there from early August until Sept.8
(last day of symposium).

What about the 'condom suit' & the plan to distribute
condoms in night clubs.

William

--------------------------------------
Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Hi! everyone,



let me clear some aspects of the above topic. Silicones

are widely used medically. In the field of plastic surgery

(cosmetic or aesthetic or esthetic surgery), they are used

as:

1. breast implant

2. facial implants (chin, nasal etc.)

3. Fillers (injected straight under the skin to modify the

contour)

4. Scar treatment (compression sheets applied straight

onto scars to

     prevent and/or treat hypertrophic scars & keloids)

5. Components of 'artificial skin' (forms a backing, top

layer, which is

     removed later on)



Before going further, let's define some terms:



Silicon:

Silicon (Si) is a metal in the same column as carbon in

the periodic table. It is the most abundant element on

earth and does not occur naturally in its pure metallic

state.



Silica:

Silica (SiO2) in its crystalline form is common sand or

quartz.



Silicate:

Negatively charged (anionic) form of silica eg. [Si2O7]6

¡Ý or other compunds of Silicon eg. fluorosilicate

(SiF6)2-. In one form it attracts water molecules

(hydroscopic) so it is placed in containers of dried food

as a small, white packet labelled 'do not eat' to keep

them dry.



Silicone: (R2SiO)n, where R=organic groups such as methyl,

ethyl, and phenyl.The class of substances known as

silicones are polymers of silicon and oxygen. There are as

many forms of silicone. Dimethylsiloxane=(C2H6OSi)n where

n is typically >4, is the building block for most

medical-grade silicone products, including breast

implants. It can be made extremely pure and modified into

products with a multitude of characteristics (various

viscosities to hardness).



Why use silicone?

Because it is easier for the surgeon. They come in

ready-made sizes, shapes & textures so it is easy & quick

to apply or insert.



What are the problems?

It is a common rumor that silicone is associated with

certain illnesses, including breast cancer and connective

tissue disorders (also referred to as autoimmune diseases

such as lupus, scleroderma, and rheumatoid arthritis).



Large scientific trials have disproved such rumors:

1. Eherenfeld M., Shoenfeld Y, Bar-Meir E. Silicone gel

breast implants and connective tissue disease--a

comprehensive review. Autoimmunity, June 2003, vol.36

no.4, pp.193-197(5)



2.

http://www.lookingyourbest.com/info/breastimplant-swhatis.php



However, there are a group of few, unfortunate individuals

who display some kind of unfavourable results. The causes

could be divided into 3 groups:



1. The surgeon: (Not skilled enough or human error during

placement)

     -assymetry

     -protrusion

     -hematoma, Infection, skin necrosis etc.



2.The material: (modern versions of silicone are tough,

well textured,

     shaped & easily integrates with surrounding tissue.

       -rupture (when they rupture, the fluid/viscose

silicone escapes the

         firm capsule into the surrounding tissue & may

calcify & become

         as hard as a rock)

       -migration (moves around) etc.



3. The individual

     -Chronic inflammatory reactions which leads to

'capsular contracture', displacement of the implant to

nearby structure or protrusion through the skin. Not only

this but it may be associated with other symptoms such as

pain, irritation etc. The individual tends to blame all

other medical problems, at that time to the silicone (I

think it is a kind physical & psychological rejection of

the foreign substance).

Individuals who suffer from such problems are really

shocked & makes alot of 'noise', such as this website:

http://www.siliconeholocaust.org/



If there are no 'rejection' then the silicone implant may

last/stay 20 or more years, some say a life time. But it

is hard to predict which patient will undergo 'rejection'

& which will not.



Autologus tissue can be used to replaced all such

procedures done using silicone implants, however the

problems are:



1. Time consuming (takes too long & may be tiresome to

harvest the tissue eg. when using autologus abdominal fat

& skin as a 'flap' to reconstruct the breast, it takes

about 6-7 hours for 1 breast). 'Flaps' are units of

tissues supplied by one neuro-vascular system.



2. Donor site morbidity (pain, scar, loss of muscle

function etc.)



3. General anaesthetic problems (most silicone implants

are inserted with mild sedation & local anaesthesia in the

form of 'tumescent' meaning diluted local anaesthesia to

increase the volume, while autologus tissues are harvested

using general anaestheisia in most cases especially breast

reconstruction).



For the time being the use of silicone is increasing

especially in the developed world. One may think why such

procedures or are they necessary? Well, it is, to improve

the QOL (quality of life) of patients who have been cured

of life threatening illnesses eg. cancer by the progress

in modern medicine & who have been made to live longer but

with defects. Such people do not only want to live longer

but live with normal looks & functions.



Hope I've cleared some aspects.



William









--------------------------------------

Start Yahoo! Auction now! Check out the cool campaign

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/auction/

Ofcourse! Rodney,

I'm planning to be there from early August until Sept.8
(last day of symposium).

What about the 'condom suit' & the plan to distribute
condoms in night clubs.

William

--------------------------------------
Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Stem cells are hot topics of modern, medical, scientific

research. Various methods of cloning & preparation of stem

cells has been developed. However, the ultimate goal of

such research is to achieve tissue and/or organ

regeneration in vivo or in vitro. To do that we have to

precisely guide the differentiation (fate) of the stem

cells, otherwise they would become useless tissues

(teratomas) or dangerous tissues (cancers). The mechanisms

or the factors that guide or determine cell

differentiation is complex. However, to simply we could

say:



1. A cell's interaction with the extracellular matrix via

adhesion molecules

2. Cell-cell interaction also via adhesion molecules

3. The concentration & the precise timingly release of

soluble factors into the extracellular space & the precise

interraction with their ligands (receptors) of which their

expression is regulated precisely resulting in

communication between cells & guides normal cell

differentiation.



A stem cell becomes a certain cell because of the:

1. Expression of certain combination of markers

2. Has certain function (releases certain factors or

produces certain proteins, or has highly specialized

function-nerves)

3. May or may not have a distinct cell morphology to the

originally, transfered stem cell



Interesting, a cell in a certain part of the body has a

system of knowing its exact location and how to interract

to it. This is achieved by the regulated expression

patterns of HOX gene complexes

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeobox). Also of interest

when a cell is removed & grown in the lab, for a certain

period of time, the cells:

1. lose their cell markers (identity)

2. May loose their  function & even morphology

3. The pattern of HOX gene expression is lost or becomes

very different to that of the original in vivo pattern



This simply means the cell has become a totally different

cell because of the different environment, without the

influence of other cells & the factors they produce. Such

cells cannot be transfered back to the body because of the

risk of rejection, infection & cancer formation. Current

technology cannot totally overcome these problems yet. So,

the alternative thing to do could be to directly transfer

stem cells to the body & try to guide their

differentiation (fate). However, this is currently in its

experimental stage.



When a stem cell is transfered, first they have to be

labelled with a dye (eg. DiI). Second, transfered using

various surgical methods (injection, attached to

artificial collagen & applied etc.). Third, a biopsy is

done to visualize the labelled cells & to prove that it

poses the markers (immunohistochemistry) of the cells it

is suppose to differentiate to.



There is a controversy that sometimes the transfered stem

cells don't just differentiate into the desired cell type

(trans-differentiation) but they fuse with the local,

residing adult cells, making the procedure of stem cell

transfer a useless one because no new cell or tissue will

be formed (no tissue regeneration). After cell fusion, the

dye in the labelled stem cells will be shared between the

2 cells & then the final cell will also poses the markers

of the adult cell, making the in vivo study a confusing

one.



Finally, it would be simpler to do cell fusion studies

between stem & adult cells in the lab first (in vitro) &

then apply the knowledge to guide cell

trans-differentiation in vivo.



With that I have put 3 photo albums of the my practice

labelling of rat bone marrow cells & follow-up of

morphological changes the cells have undergone over

several days, using DiI in the CME, photo section. The

cell marker studies has not been done. The cells can be

labelled like this & then transfered back to the animal

(eg. rat). DiI is a red dye that stains cell membrane &

cytosol. Hoechst is a green dye that stains only the

nucleus. These dyes are visualized only using a

fluorescent microscope.



Thanks!



William Mol



(Sapporo, Japan)











--------------------------------------

Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Stem cells are hot topics of modern, medical, scientific
research. Various methods of cloning & preparation of stem
cells has been developed. However, the ultimate goal of
such research is to achieve tissue and/or organ
regeneration in vivo or in vitro. To do that we have to
precisely guide the differentiation (fate) of the stem
cells, otherwise they would become useless tissues
(teratomas) or dangerous tissues (cancers). The mechanisms
or the factors that guide or determine cell
differentiation is complex. However, to simply we could
say:

1. A cell's interaction with the extracellular matrix via
adhesion molecules
2. Cell-cell interaction also via adhesion molecules
3. The concentration & the precise timingly release of
soluble factors into the extracellular space & the precise
interraction with their ligands (receptors) of which their
expression is regulated precisely resulting in
communication between cells & guides normal cell
differentiation.

A stem cell becomes a certain cell because of the:
1. Expression of certain combination of markers
2. Has certain function (releases certain factors or
produces certain proteins, or has highly specialized
function-nerves)
3. May or may not have a distinct cell morphology to the
originally, transfered stem cell

Interesting, a cell in a certain part of the body has a
system of knowing its exact location and how to interract
to it. This is achieved by the regulated expression
patterns of HOX gene complexes
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeobox). Also of interest
when a cell is removed & grown in the lab, for a certain
period of time, the cells:
1. lose their cell markers (identity)
2. May loose their function & even morphology
3. The pattern of HOX gene expression is lost or becomes
very different to that of the original in vivo pattern

This simply means the cell has become a totally different
cell because of the different environment, without the
influence of other cells & the factors they produce. Such
cells cannot be transfered back to the body because of the
risk of rejection, infection & cancer formation. Current
technology cannot totally overcome these problems yet. So,
the alternative thing to do could be to directly transfer
stem cells to the body & try to guide their
differentiation (fate). However, this is currently in its
experimental stage.

When a stem cell is transfered, first they have to be
labelled with a dye (eg. DiI). Second, transfered using
various surgical methods (injection, attached to
artificial collagen & applied etc.). Third, a biopsy is
done to visualize the labelled cells & to prove that it
poses the markers (immunohistochemistry) of the cells it
is suppose to differentiate to.

There is a controversy that sometimes the transfered stem
cells don't just differentiate into the desired cell type
(trans-differentiation) but they fuse with the local,
residing adult cells, making the procedure of stem cell
transfer a useless one because no new cell or tissue will
be formed (no tissue regeneration). After cell fusion, the
dye in the labelled stem cells will be shared between the
2 cells & then the final cell will also poses the markers
of the adult cell, making the in vivo study a confusing
one.

Finally, it would be simpler to do cell fusion studies
between stem & adult cells in the lab first (in vitro) &
then apply the knowledge to guide cell
trans-differentiation in vivo.

With that I have put 3 photo albums of the my practice
labelling of rat bone marrow cells & follow-up of
morphological changes the cells have undergone over
several days, using DiI in the CME, photo section. The
cell marker studies has not been done. The cells can be
labelled like this & then transfered back to the animal
(eg. rat). DiI is a red dye that stains cell membrane &
cytosol. Hoechst is a green dye that stains only the
nucleus. These dyes are visualized only using a
fluorescent microscope.

Thanks!

William Mol

(Sapporo, Japan)

--------------------------------------
Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

Thanks Willie very interesting, unfortunately my work computer has a filter that doesn't allow me to view these photo.  Sound like you are having fun.

 

poyap

mol william <w_mol2003@yahoo.co.jp> wrote:

Stem cells are hot topics of modern, medical, scientific
research. Various methods of cloning & preparation of stem
cells has been developed. However, the ultimate goal of
such research is to achieve tissue and/or organ
regeneration in vivo or in vitro. To do that we have to
precisely guide the differentiation (fate) of the stem
cells, otherwise they would become useless tissues
(teratomas) or dangerous tissues (cancers). The mechanisms
or the factors that guide or determine cell
differentiation is complex. However, to simply we could
say:

1. A cell's interaction with the extracellular matrix via
adhesion molecules
2. Cell-cell interaction also via adhesion molecules
3. The concentration & the precise timingly release of
soluble factors into the extracellular space & the precise
interraction with their ligands (receptors) of which their
expression is regulated precisely resulting in
communication between cells & guides normal cell
differentiation.

A stem cell becomes a certain cell because of the:
1. Expression of certain combination of markers
2. Has certain function (releases certain factors or
produces certain proteins, or has highly specialized
function-nerves)
3. May or may not have a distinct cell morphology to the
originally, transfered stem cell

Interesting, a cell in a certain part of the body has a
system of knowing its exact location and how to interract
to it. This is achieved by the regulated expression
patterns of HOX gene complexes
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeobox). Also of interest
when a cell is removed & grown in the lab, for a certain
period of time, the cells:
1. lose their cell markers (identity)
2. May loose their function & even morphology
3. The pattern of HOX gene expression is lost or becomes
very different to that of the original in vivo pattern

This simply means the cell has become a totally different
cell because of the different environment, without the
influence of other cells & the factors they produce. Such
cells cannot be transfered back to the body because of the
risk of rejection, infection & cancer formation. Current
technology cannot totally overcome these problems yet. So,
the alternative thing to do could be to directly transfer
stem cells to the body & try to guide their
differentiation (fate). However, this is currently in its
experimental stage.

When a stem cell is transfered, first they have to be
labelled with a dye (eg. DiI). Second, transfered using
various surgical methods (injection, attached to
artificial collagen & applied etc.). Third, a biopsy is
done to visualize the labelled cells & to prove that it
poses the markers (immunohistochemistry) of the cells it
is suppose to differentiate to.

There is a controversy that sometimes the transfered stem
cells don't just differentiate into the desired cell type
(trans-differentiation) but they fuse with the local,
residing adult cells, making the procedure of stem cell
transfer a useless one because no new cell or tissue will
be formed (no tissue regeneration). After cell fusion, the
dye in the labelled stem cells will be shared between the
2 cells & then the final cell will also poses the markers
of the adult cell, making the in vivo study a confusing
one.

Finally, it would be simpler to do cell fusion studies
between stem & adult cells in the lab first (in vitro) &
then apply the knowledge to guide cell
trans-differentiation in vivo.

With that I have put 3 photo albums of the my practice
labelling of rat bone marrow cells & follow-up of
morphological changes the cells have undergone over
several days, using DiI in the CME, photo section. The
cell marker studies has not been done. The cells can be
labelled like this & then transfered back to the animal
(eg. rat). DiI is a red dye that stains cell membrane &
cytosol. Hoechst is a green dye that stains only the
nucleus. These dyes are visualized only using a
fluorescent microscope.

Thanks!

William Mol

(Sapporo, Japan)

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Rodney! those photos are only the ones I did for practice

in the lab, however, if one is interested to use the

photos to illustrate how these 2 dyes (DiI & hoechst) are

used to stain & labell cells before transfering to an

animal, please go ahead, the photos are now property of

our CME-forum. I will label each photo to show some

details.



Poyap, try again using a different computer you should be

able to view the photos under CME-photo albums' section.



William Mol







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yeah willing. very interesting work. Can you put more details on the  pics? Might use them for presentations.

 

10x

Poyap James Rooney <pojaroo@yahoo.com.au> wrote:

Thanks Willie very interesting, unfortunately my work computer has a filter that doesn't allow me to view these photo.  Sound like you are having fun.

 

poyap

mol william <w_mol2003@yahoo.co.jp> wrote:

Stem cells are hot topics of modern, medical, scientific
research. Various methods of cloning & preparation of stem
cells has been developed. However, the ultimate goal of
such research is to achieve tissue and/or organ
regeneration in vivo or in vitro. To do that we have to
precisely guide the differentiation (fate) of the stem
cells, otherwise they would become useless tissues
(teratomas) or dangerous tissues (cancers). The mechanisms
or the factors that guide or determine cell
differentiation is complex. However, to simply we could
say:

1. A cell's interaction with the extracellular matrix via
adhesion molecules
2. Cell-cell interaction also via adhesion molecules
3. The concentration & the precise timingly release of
soluble factors into the extracellular space & the precise
interraction with their ligands (receptors) of which their
expression is regulated precisely resulting in
communication between cells & guides normal cell
differentiation.

A stem cell becomes a certain cell because of the:
1. Expression of certain combination of markers
2. Has certain function (releases certain factors or
produces certain proteins, or has highly specialized
function-nerves)
3. May or may not have a distinct cell morphology to the
originally, transfered stem cell

Interesting, a cell in a certain part of the body has a
system of knowing its exact location and how to interract
to it. This is achieved by the regulated expression
patterns of HOX gene complexes
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeobox). Also of interest
when a cell is removed & grown in the lab, for a certain
period of time, the cells:
1. lose their cell markers (identity)
2. May loose their function & even morphology
3. The pattern of HOX gene expression is lost or becomes
very different to that of the original in vivo pattern

This simply means the cell has become a totally different
cell because of the different environment, without the
influence of other cells & the factors they produce. Such
cells cannot be transfered back to the body because of the
risk of rejection, infection & cancer formation. Current
technology cannot totally overcome these problems yet. So,
the alternative thing to do could be to directly transfer
stem cells to the body & try to guide their
differentiation (fate). However, this is currently in its
experimental stage.

When a stem cell is transfered, first they have to be
labelled with a dye (eg. DiI). Second, transfered using
various surgical methods (injection, attached to
artificial collagen & applied etc.). Third, a biopsy is
done to visualize the labelled cells & to prove that it
poses the markers (immunohistochemistry) of the cells it
is suppose to differentiate to.

There is a controversy that sometimes the transfered stem
cells don't just differentiate into the desired cell type
(trans-differentiation) but they fuse with the local,
residing adult cells, making the procedure of stem cell
transfer a useless one because no new cell or tissue will
be formed (no tissue regeneration). After cell fusion, the
dye in the labelled stem cells will be shared between the
2 cells & then the final cell will also poses the markers
of the adult cell, making the in vivo study a confusing
one.

Finally, it would be simpler to do cell fusion studies
between stem & adult cells in the lab first (in vitro) &
then apply the knowledge to guide cell
trans-differentiation in vivo.

With that I have put 3 photo albums of the my practice
labelling of rat bone marrow cells & follow-up of
morphological changes the cells have undergone over
several days, using DiI in the CME, photo section. The
cell marker studies has not been done. The cells can be
labelled like this & then transfered back to the animal
(eg. rat). DiI is a red dye that stains cell membrane &
cytosol. Hoechst is a green dye that stains only the
nucleus. These dyes are visualized only using a
fluorescent microscope.

Thanks!

William Mol

(Sapporo, Japan)

--------------------------------------
Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
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Rodney Itaki

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Ian,



I am leaving on the 4th of August and will be in POM

for the Symposium. You have my support.



Email me with the details and I will see where I can

help.



regards



rodney

--- ian garbett <ian_garbett@...> wrote:



> Dear friends

>

>   I have now left the UK en route back to PNG.

>

>   I was thrilled with the new members on the

> site..welcome...and the great news of Dr Clement

> Malau being appointed as health secretary!

>

>   I will be arriving in Port Moresby for the

> conference on September 1st.

>

>   I wanted to create a satellite meeting during the

> week of the symposium to gather all those

> interstested in cancer with a view to holding a

> national cancer conference, like the one in Lae in

> 2001.

>

>   So I wanted to invite anyone who is going and is

> interested to help organise that..please get in

> touch..

>

>   Really looking forward to meeting as many of you

> as possible in person on mosbi

>

>   stay well

>

>   Ian

>

> rodney itaki <londari2000@...> wrote:

>             yeah willing. very interesting work. Can

> you put more details on the  pics? Might use them

> for presentations.

>

>   10x

>

> Poyap James Rooney <pojaroo@...> wrote:

>         Thanks Willie very interesting,

> unfortunately my work computer has a filter that

> doesn't allow me to view these photo.  Sound like

> you are having fun.

>

>   poyap

>

> mol william <w_mol2003@...> wrote:

>

> Stem cells are hot topics of modern, medical,

> scientific

> research. Various methods of cloning & preparation

> of stem

> cells has been developed. However, the ultimate goal

> of

> such research is to achieve tissue and/or organ

> regeneration in vivo or in vitro. To do that we have

> to

> precisely guide the differentiation (fate) of the

> stem

> cells, otherwise they would become useless tissues

> (teratomas) or dangerous tissues (cancers). The

> mechanisms

> or the factors that guide or determine cell

> differentiation is complex. However, to simply we

> could

> say:

>

> 1. A cell's interaction with the extracellular

> matrix via

> adhesion molecules

> 2. Cell-cell interaction also via adhesion molecules

> 3. The concentration & the precise timingly release

> of

> soluble factors into the extracellular space & the

> precise

> interraction with their ligands (receptors) of which

> their

> expression is regulated precisely resulting in

> communication between cells & guides normal cell

> differentiation.

>

> A stem cell becomes a certain cell because of the:

> 1. Expression of certain combination of markers

> 2. Has certain function (releases certain factors or

> produces certain proteins, or has highly specialized

> function-nerves)

> 3. May or may not have a distinct cell morphology to

> the

> originally, transfered stem cell

>

> Interesting, a cell in a certain part of the body

> has a

> system of knowing its exact location and how to

> interract

> to it. This is achieved by the regulated expression

> patterns of HOX gene complexes

> (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeobox). Also of

> interest

> when a cell is removed & grown in the lab, for a

> certain

> period of time, the cells:

> 1. lose their cell markers (identity)

> 2. May loose their function & even morphology

> 3. The pattern of HOX gene expression is lost or

> becomes

> very different to that of the original in vivo

> pattern

>

> This simply means the cell has become a totally

> different

> cell because of the different environment, without

> the

> influence of other cells & the factors they produce.

> Such

> cells cannot be transfered back to the body because

> of the

> risk of rejection, infection & cancer formation.

> Current

> technology cannot totally overcome these problems

> yet. So,

> the alternative thing to do could be to directly

> transfer

> stem cells to the body & try to guide their

> differentiation (fate). However, this is currently

> in its

> experimental stage.

>

> When a stem cell is transfered, first they have to

> be

> labelled with a dye (eg. DiI). Second, transfered

> using

> various surgical methods (injection, attached to

> artificial collagen & applied etc.). Third, a biopsy

> is

> done to visualize the labelled cells & to prove that

> it

> poses the markers (immunohistochemistry) of the

> cells it

> is suppose to differentiate to.

>

> There is a controversy that sometimes the transfered

> stem

> cells don't just differentiate into the desired cell

> type

> (trans-differentiation) but they fuse with the

> local,

> residing adult cells, making the procedure of stem

> cell

> transfer a useless one because no new cell or tissue

> will

> be formed (no tissue regeneration). After cell

> fusion, the

> dye in the labelled stem cells will be shared

> between the

> 2 cells & then the final cell will also poses the

> markers

> of the adult cell, making the in vivo study a

> confusing

> one.

>

> Finally, it would be simpler to do cell fusion

> studies

> between stem & adult cells in the lab first (in

> vitro) &

> then apply the knowledge to guide cell

> trans-differentiation in vivo.

>

> With that I have put 3 photo albums of the my

> practice

> labelling of rat bone marrow cells & follow-up of

> morphological changes the cells have undergone over

> several days, using DiI in the CME, photo section.

> The

> cell marker studies has not been done. The cells can

> be

> labelled like this & then transfered back to the

> animal

> (eg. rat). DiI is a red dye that stains cell

> membrane &

> cytosol. Hoechst is a green dye that stains only the

> nucleus. These dyes are visualized only using a

> fluorescent microscope.

>

> Thanks!

>

> William Mol

>

> (Sapporo, Japan)

>

> --------------------------------------

> Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

> http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/

>

>

>

>

>

> ---------------------------------

>   Yahoo!7 Mail has just got even bigger and better

> with unlimited storage on all webmail accounts. Find

> out more.

>

>

>

>

=== message truncated ===





Rodney Itaki





       ___________________________________________________________

Yahoo! Mail is the world's favourite email. Don't settle for less, sign up for

your free account today

http://uk.rd.yahoo.com/evt=44106/*http://uk.docs.yahoo.com/mail/winter07.html

Ian,

I am leaving on the 4th of August and will be in POM
for the Symposium. You have my support.

Email me with the details and I will see where I can
help.

regards

rodney
--- ian garbett <ian_garbett@yahoo.co.uk> wrote:

> Dear friends
>
> I have now left the UK en route back to PNG.
>
> I was thrilled with the new members on the
> site..welcome...and the great news of Dr Clement
> Malau being appointed as health secretary!
>
> I will be arriving in Port Moresby for the
> conference on September 1st.
>
> I wanted to create a satellite meeting during the
> week of the symposium to gather all those
> interstested in cancer with a view to holding a
> national cancer conference, like the one in Lae in
> 2001.
>
> So I wanted to invite anyone who is going and is
> interested to help organise that..please get in
> touch..
>
> Really looking forward to meeting as many of you
> as possible in person on mosbi
>
> stay well
>
> Ian
>
> rodney itaki <londari2000@yahoo.co.uk> wrote:
> yeah willing. very interesting work. Can
> you put more details on the pics? Might use them
> for presentations.
>
> 10x
>
> Poyap James Rooney <pojaroo@yahoo.com.au> wrote:
> Thanks Willie very interesting,
> unfortunately my work computer has a filter that
> doesn't allow me to view these photo. Sound like
> you are having fun.
>
> poyap
>
> mol william <w_mol2003@yahoo.co.jp> wrote:
>
> Stem cells are hot topics of modern, medical,
> scientific
> research. Various methods of cloning & preparation
> of stem
> cells has been developed. However, the ultimate goal
> of
> such research is to achieve tissue and/or organ
> regeneration in vivo or in vitro. To do that we have
> to
> precisely guide the differentiation (fate) of the
> stem
> cells, otherwise they would become useless tissues
> (teratomas) or dangerous tissues (cancers). The
> mechanisms
> or the factors that guide or determine cell
> differentiation is complex. However, to simply we
> could
> say:
>
> 1. A cell's interaction with the extracellular
> matrix via
> adhesion molecules
> 2. Cell-cell interaction also via adhesion molecules
> 3. The concentration & the precise timingly release
> of
> soluble factors into the extracellular space & the
> precise
> interraction with their ligands (receptors) of which
> their
> expression is regulated precisely resulting in
> communication between cells & guides normal cell
> differentiation.
>
> A stem cell becomes a certain cell because of the:
> 1. Expression of certain combination of markers
> 2. Has certain function (releases certain factors or
> produces certain proteins, or has highly specialized
> function-nerves)
> 3. May or may not have a distinct cell morphology to
> the
> originally, transfered stem cell
>
> Interesting, a cell in a certain part of the body
> has a
> system of knowing its exact location and how to
> interract
> to it. This is achieved by the regulated expression
> patterns of HOX gene complexes
> (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeobox). Also of
> interest
> when a cell is removed & grown in the lab, for a
> certain
> period of time, the cells:
> 1. lose their cell markers (identity)
> 2. May loose their function & even morphology
> 3. The pattern of HOX gene expression is lost or
> becomes
> very different to that of the original in vivo
> pattern
>
> This simply means the cell has become a totally
> different
> cell because of the different environment, without
> the
> influence of other cells & the factors they produce.
> Such
> cells cannot be transfered back to the body because
> of the
> risk of rejection, infection & cancer formation.
> Current
> technology cannot totally overcome these problems
> yet. So,
> the alternative thing to do could be to directly
> transfer
> stem cells to the body & try to guide their
> differentiation (fate). However, this is currently
> in its
> experimental stage.
>
> When a stem cell is transfered, first they have to
> be
> labelled with a dye (eg. DiI). Second, transfered
> using
> various surgical methods (injection, attached to
> artificial collagen & applied etc.). Third, a biopsy
> is
> done to visualize the labelled cells & to prove that
> it
> poses the markers (immunohistochemistry) of the
> cells it
> is suppose to differentiate to.
>
> There is a controversy that sometimes the transfered
> stem
> cells don't just differentiate into the desired cell
> type
> (trans-differentiation) but they fuse with the
> local,
> residing adult cells, making the procedure of stem
> cell
> transfer a useless one because no new cell or tissue
> will
> be formed (no tissue regeneration). After cell
> fusion, the
> dye in the labelled stem cells will be shared
> between the
> 2 cells & then the final cell will also poses the
> markers
> of the adult cell, making the in vivo study a
> confusing
> one.
>
> Finally, it would be simpler to do cell fusion
> studies
> between stem & adult cells in the lab first (in
> vitro) &
> then apply the knowledge to guide cell
> trans-differentiation in vivo.
>
> With that I have put 3 photo albums of the my
> practice
> labelling of rat bone marrow cells & follow-up of
> morphological changes the cells have undergone over
> several days, using DiI in the CME, photo section.
> The
> cell marker studies has not been done. The cells can
> be
> labelled like this & then transfered back to the
> animal
> (eg. rat). DiI is a red dye that stains cell
> membrane &
> cytosol. Hoechst is a green dye that stains only the
> nucleus. These dyes are visualized only using a
> fluorescent microscope.
>
> Thanks!
>
> William Mol
>
> (Sapporo, Japan)
>
> --------------------------------------
> Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar
> http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/
>
>
>
>
>
> ---------------------------------
> Yahoo!7 Mail has just got even bigger and better
> with unlimited storage on all webmail accounts. Find
> out more.
>
>
>
>
=== message truncated ===

Rodney Itaki

__________________________________________________________
Yahoo! Mail is the world's favourite email. Don't settle for less, sign up for
your free account today http://uk.rd.yahoo.com/evt=44106/*http://uk.docs.yahoo.com/mail/winter07.html

Hi! Ian,



I might be able to attend, please decide the date, time &

venue & let us know.



William Mol

(Sapporo, Japan)







--------------------------------------

Easy + Joy + Powerful = Yahoo! Bookmarks x Toolbar

http://pr.mail.yahoo.co.jp/toolbar/