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"Those who do not have enough time for good health, will not have good health
for enough time."
Paul Bragg



Doctors Are The Third Leading Cause of Death in the
US, Causing 250, Deaths Every Year

This article in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) is the
best article I have ever seen written in the published literature documenting
the tragedy of the traditional medical paradigm.

The author is Dr. Barbara Starfield of the John Hopkins School of Hygiene and
Public Health and she describes how the US health care system may contribute
to poor health.

ALL THESE ARE DEATHS PER YEAR:
12,000 Unnecessary surgery
7,000 Medication errors in hospitals
20,000 Other errors in hospitals
80,000 Infections in hospitals
106,000 Non-error, negative effects of drugs

These total to 250,000 deaths per year from iatrogenic causes. What does
that word mean? This term is defined as induced in a patient by a
physician's activity, manner, or therapy. Used especially of a complication
of treatment.

Dr. Starfield offers several warnings in interpreting these numbers:

First, most of the data are derived from studies in hospitalized patients.
Second, these estimates are for deaths only and do not include negative
effects that are associated with disability or discomfort.
Third, the estimates of death due to error are lower than those in the IOM
report.

If the higher estimates are used, the deaths due to iatrogenic causes would
range from 230,000 to 284,000. In any case, 225,000 deaths per year
constitute the third leading cause of death in the United States after deaths
from heart disease and cancer. Even if these figures are overestimated,
there is a wide margin between these numbers and the next leading cause of
death. (cerebrovascular disease)

Another analysis concluded that between 4% and 18% of consecutive patients
experience negative effects in outpatient settings, with:

116 million extra physician visits
77 million extra prescriptions
17 million emergency department visits
8 million hospitalizations
3 million long-term admissions
199,000 additional deaths
$77 billion in extra costs

The high cost of the health care system is considered to be a deficit, but
seems to be tolerated under the assumption that better health results from
more expensive care.

However, evidence from a few studies indicates that as many as 20% to 30% of
patients receive inappropriate care. An estimated 44,000 to 98,999 among
them die each year as a result of medical errors. This might be tolerated if
it resulted in better health, but does it? Of 13 countries in a recent
comparison, the US ranks an average of 12th (2nd from the bottom) for 16
available health indicators. More specifically, the ranking of the US on
several indicators was:

13 (last) for low-birth-weight percentages
13 for neonatal mortality and infant mortality overall
11 for post-neonatal mortality
13 for years of potential life lost (excluding external causes)
11 for life expectancy at 1 year for females, 12 for males
10 for life expectancy at 15 years for females, 12 for males
10 for life expectancy at 40 years for females, 9 for males
7 for life expectancy at 65 years for females, 7 for males
3 for life expectancy at 80 years for females, 3 for males
10 for age-adjusted mortality

The poor performance of the US was recently confirmed by a World Health
Organization study, which used different data and ranked the US as 15th among
25 industrialized countries.

There is a perception that the American public "behaves badly" by smoking,
drinking and perpetrating violence." However, the data does not support this
assertion.

The proportion of females who smoke ranges from 14% in Japan to 41% in
Denmark; in the US, it is 24% (5th best) For males, the range is from 26% in
Sweden to 61% in Japan; it is 28% in the US (third best) The US ranks 5th
best for alcoholic beverage consumption. The US has relatively low
consumption of animal fats (5th lowest in men 55-64 years in 20
industrialized countries) and the third lowest mean cholesterol
concentrations among men aged 50 to 70 years among 13 industrialized
countries.

These estimates of death due to error are lower than those in a recent
Institutes of Medicine report, and if the higher estimates are used, the
deaths due to iatrogenic causes would range from 230,000 to 284,000.

Even at the lower estimate of 225,000 deaths per year, this constitutes the
third leading cause of death in the US following heart disease and cancer.

Lack of technology is certainly not a contributing factor to the US's low
ranking:

Among 29 countries, the US is second only to Japan in the availability of
magnetic resonance imaging units and computed tomography scanners per million
population. Japan, however, ranks highest on health, whereas the US ranks
the lowest. It is possible that the high use of technology in Japan is
limited to diagnostic technology not match by high rates of treatment,
whereas in the US, high use of diagnostic technology may be linked to more
treatment. Supporting this possibility are data showing that the number of
employees per bed in the US is highest among the countries ranked, whereas
they are very low in Japan, far lower than can be accounted for by the common
practice of having family members rather than the office staff provide the
amenities of hospital care.

JOURNAL AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2000

Thanks to Dr. Joseph Mercola. www.mercola.com