interstitial cystitis symptoms worse for coffee, tea, soda, alcoholic
beverages, citrus fruits and juices, hot pepper, artificial sweeteners
(not sucralose), B Shorter et al, Long Island U., J. Uriology 2007 July:
Murray 2007.11.13
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1489
" The most frequently reported and most bothersome comestibles were
coffee, tea, soda, alcoholic beverages, citrus fruits and juices,
artificial sweeteners and hot pepper. "
" Jill Osborne -– How did Splenda rate?
Dr. Shorter -- It doesn't seem to be a problem as compared to the
other sweeteners. "
" The greatest offenders that patients reported to have worsened their
IC symptoms were:
* Coffee, tea
* alcoholic beverages
* tomato and tomato products
* citrus fruits and juices
* spicy foods
* chili
* most artificial sweeteners [ not sucralose ]
* Also on this list was: vinegar, MSG, hot peppers, all types
of sodas, Mexican food
Jill Osborne -- Did the survey distinguish between decaf and regular
coffee??
Dr. Shorter -- Yes, we had both listed.
Interestingly enough both decaf and regular coffees were significantly
problematic. "
" Fresh milk products such as low fat milk, whole milk and Lactaid milk
did not exacerbate bladder symptoms. "
" We did not include cheeses in our questionnaire. "
" What is also interesting is that some people have indicated an almost
instantaneous reaction to certain products like alcohol.
The beverage doesn’t even have time to digest and yet symptoms worsen.
This is an area in need of further study. "
" Jill Osborne -- Why is the IC diet so similar to the diet used to
prevent migraines?
Dr. Shorter -- Migraines are often caused by foods high in tyramine
and the IC diet usually excludes foods that are high in tyramine.
We're not sure if it is actually the tyramine that is triggering the
problematic symptoms, but it's a possibility.
We need to do more research to determine that. "
doi:10.1016/j.juro.2007.03.020
Copyright © 2007 American Urological Association Published by Elsevier Inc.
Adult urology
J Urol. 2007 Jul; 178(1): 145-52. Epub 2007 May 11.
Effect of comestibles on symptoms of interstitial cystitis.
Shorter B,
bshorter@...,
Lesser ML,
marty@...,
Moldwin RM,
rmoldwin@...,
Kushner L.
lkushner@...,
Department of Nutrition, C. W. Post Campus of Long Island University,
Brookville, New York, USA.
Barbara Shorter a,
Martin L. Lesser b, low asterisk,
Robert M. Moldwin c, Corresponding Author Contact Information, ‡,
E-mail
rmoldwin@..., The Corresponding Author
and Leslie Kushner b, c
a Department of Nutrition, C. W. Post Campus of Long Island University,
Brookville
b Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-Long Island
Jewish Health System, Manhasset
c Institute for Urology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde
Park, New York
Received 24 October 2006. Available online 11 May 2007.
PURPOSE:
Anecdotal evidence suggests that patients with painful bladder
syndrome/interstitial cystitis report symptom exacerbation after
consuming particular foods, beverages and/or supplements.
We determined the prevalence of the effect of comestibles on painful
bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis symptoms and identified
particular comestible items more likely to affect such symptoms.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A validated questionnaire designed to detect whether food, beverages
and/or supplements have an effect on bladder symptoms was administered
to 104 patients meeting National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases criteria for interstitial cystitis.
In addition to answering general questions about the effect of
comestibles on painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis symptoms,
subjects were asked to indicate whether each of 175 individual items
worsened, improved or had no effect on symptoms.
Each response was numerically scored on a scale of -2 to 2 and mean
values were generated for each comestible item.
RESULTS:
Of the surveyed patients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial
cystitis 90.2% indicated that the consumption of certain foods or
beverages caused symptom exacerbation.
There was no correlation between allergies and the effect of comestibles
on symptoms.
Patients who reported that specific foods worsened symptoms tended to
have higher O'Leary-Sant interstitial cystitis symptom index
and problem index,
and/or pelvic pain and urgency/frequency patient symptom scale scores.
A total of 35 comestible items had a mean score of lower than -1.0,
including caffeinated, carbonated and alcoholic beverages, certain
fruits and juices, artificial sweeteners and spicy foods.
CONCLUSIONS:
There is a large cohort of patients with painful bladder
syndrome/interstitial cystitis in whom symptoms are exacerbated by the
ingestion of specific comestibles.
The most frequently reported and most bothersome comestibles were
coffee, tea, soda, alcoholic beverages, citrus fruits and juices,
artificial sweeteners and hot pepper. PMID: 17499305
Key Words: bladder; cystitis, interstitial; diet; nutritional status;
questionnaires
Abbreviations:
IC, interstitial cystitis;
MSG, monosodium glutamate;
NIDDK, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases;
OSPI, O’Leary-Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index and Problem Index;
PBS/IC, painful bladder syndrome/IC;
PUF, Pelvic Pain and Urgency/Frequency Patient Symptom Scale
Corresponding Author Contact Information
Correspondence: Institute for Urology, Long Island Jewish Medical
Center, 270-05 76th Ave., New Hyde Park, New York 11040
(telephone: 718-470-7220; FAX: 718-343-6254).
low asterisk Financial interest and/or other relationship with Condax.
‡ Financial interest and/or other relationship with Ortho-McNeil,
Allergan and Astellas.
http://www.northshorelij.com/nonav.cfm?ID=2674
Martin L. Lesser, PhD
marty@...,
Tel.: 516-240-8300; fax: 516-240-8344
INVESTIGATOR
DIRECTOR, BIOSTATISTICS UNIT
Dr. Lesser is a member of both the National Center for Research
Resources’s Data and Safety Monitoring Board for the Rare Disease
Clinical Research Network and the National Institutes of Health Cancer
Biomarkers Study Section. He is the chairman of the Institutional
Review Board and senior faculty advisor for Research Affairs, Department
of Emergency Medicine, both of North Shore University Hospital.
The collection, management, organization, analysis, interpretation, and
publication of data from all facets of biomedical research studies are
important components of the scientific process. Biostatisticians consult
and collaborate with investigators to assure that all of these factors
are addressed in research investigations.
The FIMR’s Biostatistics Unit, started in 1985, provides investigators
in the Institute with expert advice and assistance in the practice of
biostatistics in the biomedical research field. The primary areas of
expertise provided by members of the unit are in the design, analysis,
and data management of clinical trials and clinical epidemiologic
studies. In addition to the extensive program at the FIMR, the
biostatistics practice also provides services to local medical colleges,
including serving as the statistical experts for several major
NIH-sponsored research programs in the New York area. Participation in
this wide range of research activities allows the members of the unit to
be continuously exposed to new ideas and methods, which can then be
incorporated into the biomedical research practices of the Institute.
The Biostatistics Unit also provides extensive educational support for
the use of biostatistics in biomedical research. Each year, members of
the unit have been involved in teaching activities both within the
Health System and at medical schools and universities in the area. In
addition to teaching a research methods course and a first-year course
in epidemiology, the unit provides short lectures to residents, fellows,
and attending staff of many hospital and medical school departments.
Barbara Shorter
Assistant Professor of Nutrition
Director, Didactic Program in Dietetics
B.S., Hunter College, CUNY;
M.A., New York University;
M.Ed., Ed.D., Teachers College, Columbia University
RD, CON
bshorter@...,
Barbara Shorter, RD, CDK, Director of Undergraduate Nutrition at
516-299-3046, or visit our Web site at www.liu.edu/nutrit
http://www.2006icpatientconference.com/shorter.html
"Bringing the nations leading researchers, clinicians and advocates
directly into the homes of patients in need."
http://www.2006icpatientconference.com
DIET AND IC
The first validated research study proves that diet can negatively
affect IC patients.
Speakers: Dr. Barbara Shorter, RD
Moderator: Jill Osborne, M.A. President & Founder
Interstitial Cystitis Network, Santa Rosa, CA USA
http://www.ic-network.com
[
http://www.ic-network.com/mgt/welcome.html
Jill Osborne, IC Network Founder
Age 45, Diagnosed at 33
Support Group Leader since 1993.
E-mail:
jill@...,
Interstitial Cystitis Network
PO Box 2159
Healdsburg, CA 95448
(707)538-9442 - Patient Assistance
(707)433-0413 - Subscriptions & Sales
(707)538-9444 - FAX
A Division of J.H. Osborne, Inc.
4983 Sonoma Highway, Suite L
Santa Rosa, CA 95409
If anyone expresses doubts about information on-line, you can share with
them the Consumer Awareness and Internet safety information found in our
on-line handbook. We take our responsibility to provide reliable
information very seriously and was the first IC website to apply for and
receive certification with the HonCode: Health Code of Conduct For
Medical Web Sites (ID# 269714). This is one reason why the ICN has
received several Medical & Web Site Awards and was named one of the top
five health web sites on-line in 1999 by the GII Awards, in the select
company of the Mayo Clinic and AEGIS (The AIDS International Database
Project). We are also four star mental health net web site. ]
Event Date & Description: June 27, 2006 --
2006 IC & PBS On-Line Patient Conference
INTRODUCTION
Welcome to the sixth special event in the 2006 IC & PBS On-Line Patient
Conference, the only free lecture series available to interstitial
cystitis and painful bladder patients on the web.
Our goal is to bring the worlds best researchers, clinicians and
activists directly into the homes and offices of patients who are unable
to travel and/or afford to attend a national or regional conference.
Most patients have no choice but to stay home and hope to read
transcripts or watch DVD's of the various IC events.
The internet, however, changes this dynamic. We can now bring the
conference directly to thousands of patients at one time.
This would not happen without our generous sponsors, including:
Akpharma (Makers of Prelief),
Desert Harvest (Makers of DH Aloe),
AstraTech (Makers of the Lo-Fric Catheter)
& Algonot (Makers of Algonot, Cystoprotek & Prostaprotek).
We thank them for their support and encouragement of IC patients
throughout the world.
Tonight's lecture will share one of the most important research
developments in the IC community in recent years.
We've all known, anecdotally, that diet has the potential of helping or
hurting some IC patients, but many physicians choose not to provide diet
information to their patients because they didn't have a "research
study" backing this up.
That is, until last month.
Dr. Barbara Shorter is a co-author of a new research study that shows
that diet does make a difference.
Dr. Shorter is an RD and is currently the Director of the Didactic
program in Dietetics in the Dept of Nutrition at Long Island University
- CW Post Campus.
But what's even more exciting is that Dr. Shorter is also an IC patient,
one of many professionals working hard to help us find answers for the
many mysteries of IC. Welcome Dr. Shorter.
Dr. Shorter -- Hello and it's a pleasure to be here!
PRESENTATION
Jill Osborne -- Tell us how you first got involved in IC?
Dr. Shorter –- It was over 20 years ago and I remember it well. One
afternoon while I was waiting for a train, I had a terrific bout of
pelvic pain. I didn't know how I was going to get home. The pain was
excruciating. Thinking about that day, I remembered I had a tuna
sandwich on rye bread and coffee for lunch.
I went to a doctor who conducted a urinalysis, subsequently did not
find any bacteria and did not have any suggestions to mitigate the
discomfort. After a while, when the episodes of pain were relentless, I
went to a University hospital in NY city, where a urologist performed
urodynamic testing and said the results were unremarkable. He didn't
know very much about IC at the time. He suggested that I do biofeedback.
I still wasn't feeling any better so I went to another urologist.
(Like so many other patients, I was doctor hopping.) This doctor had me
undergo a cystoscopy. He found Hunner’s Ulcers. He suggested that it
would be to my advantage to see an IC specialist.
Finally, I was fortunate enough to be referred to Dr. Robert Moldwin
who, after a complete examination, prescribed Elmiron and Elavil and,
eventually, I started to feel better.
Prior to seeing Dr. Moldwin, I didn’t realize the connection
between foods and beverages and my flares. I wanted to do some research
-– on myself. Because I am registered dietitian, I felt that I had
enough knowledge to design my own Elimination Diet so that I could
determine which foods contributed to flares. I was very cautious with my
food and beverage intake for a long time and was able to determine which
were problematic for me.
Because all of the dietary advice for IC patients was as the result
of anecdotal information, I approached Dr. Moldwin and discussed the
idea of doing a research study on the effects of foods, beverages and
supplements on the symptoms of IC. Of course, he was most encouraging
and supportive. He's an exceptional doctor and was very helpful to me
not only as a patient but also as a researcher.
He introduced me to Dr. Leslie Kushner. She's an extraordinary woman and
a wonderful mentor.
We decided to develop a questionnaire.
In order to devise a good survey instrument, we had to present it to a
panel of IC experts who could evaluate it for content validity.
Following that, we gave it to patients to test for clarity and readability.
Finally, we tested the questionnaire for reliability.
Once we were sure that we had a valid, reliable questionnaire, Dr.
Moldwin distributed them to his female patients who met the NIDDK
diagnostic criteria for IC.
These patients also completed the PUF questionnaire
and the O'Leary-Sant Scale.
Subjects who participated in this study probably had moderate to severe IC.
We found that 90% of the patients who answered the questionnaires
did feel that the consumption of certain foods, beverages and
supplements caused an increase in urinary frequency, urgency and pain --
in general, a worsening of bladder symptoms.
Our survey included a list of 175 foods, beverages and supplements and
asked patients to rate the foods if they worsened, had no effect or if
they improved bladder symptoms.
We found that there were foods, beverages and supplements that were most
definitively problematic for IC patients.
Jill Osborne –- What foods caused the most problems for IC patients??
The greatest offenders that patients reported to have worsened
their IC symptoms were:
* Coffee, tea
* alcoholic beverages
* tomato and tomato products
* citrus fruits and juices
* spicy foods
* chili
* most artificial sweeteners [ not sucralose ]
* Also on this list was: vinegar, MSG, hot peppers, all types
of sodas, Mexican food
Jill Osborne -- Did the survey distinguish between decaf and regular
coffee??
Dr. Shorter -- Yes, we had both listed.
Interestingly enough both decaf and regular coffees were significantly
problematic.
Jill Osborne –- Which spices were the most irritating??
Dr. Shorter –- We were careful to keep the list of products in the
survey to a limited number, so that subjects would have the patience to
complete our questions.
When questionnaires are too long, people tend to lose interest.
There are thousands of foods and spices and could not possibly list them
all.
Spices were generalized into the category of “spicy foods.”
Additionally, we listed items such as hot peppers, chili, mustard,
vinegar etc.
Spicy foods, chili, hot peppers, vinegar and horseradish were found to
worsen bladder symptoms for our participants.
Jill Osborne –- How did tomato products rate? (tomato juices, pasta
sauces, tomato pastes, etc. etc.)
Dr. Shorter –- Again, to keep the list of food items reasonable, we
did not individualize all tomato products. They were listed as
tomatoes/ tomato products and low acid tomatoes.
Yes, these were found to be problematic for most patients.
Jill Osborne –- How about foods that were less offensive but still on
the list?
According to our study population, foods that were slightly less
offensive included: strawberries, grapes, grape juice, prune juice,
radishes, onions, scallions, sauerkraut,
salami, bologna, pastrami, sausage
chocolate, catsup, mustard, certain salad dressings,
pizza and Chinese food.
Jill Osborne –- Which foods rarely affected bladder symptoms (i.e that
your study found to be more IC friendly)??
Foods that rarely affected bladder symptoms in our patients
included: blueberries, bananas, cantaloupe, figs, honeydew, raisins,
watermelon, asparagus, avocados, green beans, beets, broccoli, brussel
sprouts, carrots, cauliflower, cucumbers, eggplant, peas, spinach,
squash, zucchini, white and sweet potatoes, legumes,
eggs, beef, chicken, pork, lamb, fish, shellfish,
nuts, rice, breads, milk products, pretzels, popcorn, cookies, pastries,
puddings and cakes (non-chocolate).
Most of the products in the meat group, the fresh meats –- not smoked or
deli-meats -- such as beef, lamb, chicken, eggs, pork, veal,
seafood and fish were IC friendly.
Jill Osborne -- I'm not surprised that you found eggs to be more IC
friendly. I’ve never understood why eggs were put on a few of the IC
diets that are circulating through various doctors offices.
Egg whites are natural acid reducers.
How about milk products?
Fresh milk products such as low fat milk, whole milk and Lactaid
milk did not exacerbate bladder symptoms.
Puddings (non-chocolate) were also okay.
Jill Osborne -- How about fruits? What were the most IC friendly fruits
in general. We usually tell patients to start with pears and then try a
mild apple, move in to the melons, etc. etc.
Dr. Shorter -- Remember if fresh fruit doesn't work for you, try it
cooked or canned.
Of the fruits, pears were definitely the most tolerable.
Blueberries, watermelon, figs, prunes, honeydew, raisins, apricots,
berries, cantaloupe, blackberries, cherries and peaches do not seem to
affect bladder symptoms of most IC patients.
Even bananas tested okay, although, they are on other IC Diet lists that
suggest you should avoid them.
One thing we have to keep in mind is that sometimes a fruit won’t
present problems if you have it on occasion, but, if you have it often
and/or increase the quantity, it can worsen bladder symptoms.
So, it's about quantity.
If you want to try a fruit, start with a small amount first and see how
you do. It helps to use a voiding diary to keep track of your symptoms
and frequency so that you can determine if a particular fruit will
affect you.
As a nutritionist I want to remind you that it's important to eat a
variety of fruit, not just the same fruit all the time.
Different fruits provide different nutrients.
Even if we were not worrying about IC, there could be other harmful
chemicals in small amounts in fruits that could be a problem when
consumed in excess.
Most foods have minute amounts of toxic substances, but our bodies can
tolerate small amounts.
Years ago, we had a problem with imported Chilean grapes. They were
contaminated with cyanide. So if you ate a lot of grapes at that time,
you could have consumed a harmful amount of the chemical.
Another very important concern years ago was ALAR, a chemical used to
precipitate the ripening of apples for harvesting. It was discovered
that ALAR was a carcinogen. Eating too many of these apples or apple
products could have presented a problem to the consumer.
So, maintaining a varied intake is very important for a healthy and
nutritious diet.
Getting back to fruits, try making yourself an IC friendly fruit
salad with those fruits that work for you. Start with pears, sweet
apples as opposed to sour apples, melon, blueberries etc. and you can
enjoy fruit again.
Please remember that we are all very individual with our fruit
tolerances. You've got to do the work to determine which foods are
problematic or beneficial for you.
Jill Osborne -- What about patients who simply refuse to give up a
problem food... even if they know it will make them worse?
Dr. Shorter -- In our study, we asked IC patients if they had eaten
foods which they knew would worsen their bladder symptoms.
88% of the respondents did eat foods that were problematic.
Jill Osborne -- Did that surprise you?
Dr. Shorter -- Yes and no. On one hand, we know that the compliance
rate for various types of diets is extremely poor, but, on the other
hand, with most diets you don't see the consequences of a problematic
food immediately.
With IC, we can see the consequences very soon after consumption.
So, it surprises me that people who can develop a worsening of their
bladder symptoms feel that enjoying certain foods and beverages is more
important to them than increasing their level of pain.
Jill Osborne -- Either that or it's an addiction to a food.
What advice do you have for a patient who is addicted to caffeine?
Dr. Shorter -- If you are really concerned about your pain, you
must force yourself to modify your habits.
For instance, I switched to Postum.
You should try the various coffee substitutes until you find one that
you like.
Some substitutes are Teecino, Kaffeeroma, Pero, and there are others.
My favorite is Postum. I’m not saying that you will always find the
perfect substitute, but you have to determine your priorities.
Jill Osborne -- How long does it take for a patient to react to a bad food?
Dr. Shorter -- It could be as short as 20 minutes or as long as two
days.
It varies and depends on the patient, the food and the amount of the food.
What is also interesting is that some people have indicated an almost
instantaneous reaction to certain products like alcohol.
The beverage doesn’t even have time to digest and yet symptoms worsen.
This is an area in need of further study.
Jill Osborne -- How many patients took the survey?
Dr. Shorter -– 125 patients.
Jill Osborne -- Where can a patient get a complete list of the foods
that were irritating in your survey?
Dr. Shorter -- I can certainly send a list of foods, but I want to
caution you about being overly concerned with food lists.
Diets have to be individualized and different people definitely respond
differently to foods.
I know that some IC patients cannot touch tomatoes but some, like me,
can consume small amounts of tomatoes with no problems.
You really have to look at yourself and be a detective.
Keep track of what you're eating, how you feel and how often you urinate.
There's no other way to do this. YOU HAVE TO DO THE WORK and you have to
test yourself by introducing foods to see how they affect you.
Just remember to start with small quantities of any risky food and wait
three days to introduce another risky food.
Jill Osborne -– What about preservatives?
Dr. Shorter -- They can be a problem for some people but this is a
perfect example of the fact that IC diets must be individualized.
Preservatives may bother some of us but not others.
I want to stress that if you have a lot of fresh veggies/fruits etc. and
you eat them raw or slightly cooked, please vary your selection.
We prefer to stay away from packaged and processed foods as much as
possible.
This way you will not be exposed to as many preservatives.
There are numerous foods that are nutritious, fresh, and available.
However, if for any reason fresh is not possible for you, vary your
processed foods.
Jill Osborne -– How did Splenda rate?
Dr. Shorter -- It doesn't seem to be a problem as compared to the
other sweeteners.
Jill Osborne -- Amy asks about KAVA coffee as a low acid substitute.
Dr. Shorter -- If it doesn’t worsen your symptoms, then, drink
it….. that is basically what matters.
Jill Osborne -– We have several questions about herbal and green teas.
Were those tested?
Dr. Shorter -- We did not put those on our list but I've heard
through others that green tea is problematic, while some herbals are not.
Peppermint, chamomile and blueberry teas may be worth trying.
Jill Osborne -- Julie asks the question about acidic versus non acidic
foods. Is it really that's the problem??
Dr. Shorter -- We don't know that it's the acid that is the problem
and let me explain why.
When foods are acidic in nature, like certain citrus fruits, they become
basic (alkaline) when they are metabolized.
Foods that are basic (alkaline) before metabolism such as meat, fish and
poultry products are usually not a problem for IC patients even though
they become acidic when they are metabolized.
In fact, I read a study published in the British Journal of Urology,
where Dr. Fenster instilled acid directly into the bladders of IC
patients and found insignificant changes in bladder pain.
So clearly we have a lot more that we need to study to try to determine
why foods bother an IC bladder. It's very complex.
Jill Osborne -- Yate says that she's had violent IC flares from
strawberries. Your thoughts?
Dr. Shorter -- It could be a chemical from the soil where they are
grown or something in the packaging.
It's hard to know what it is that's bothering her specifically.
Strawberries, in our study, were not highly offensive for most of our
subjects. Yes, they bothered some people... but they weren't that high
on the list. Again, if a food bothers someone, she should avoid it.
Jill Osborne -– Did you include cheeses and nuts in the study?
Dr. Shorter -– Walnuts, almonds, peanuts, peanut butter and other
nuts did not worsen symptoms in most of our survey participants.
We did not include cheeses in our questionnaire.
Jill Osborne -– Can you suggest any IC friendly breakfast ideas?
Dr. Shorter -- To begin with, be careful with the highly fortified
cereals because they tend to be problematic for IC patients.
Start off with eggs, toasted bread with soft margarine or a little
butter, pears, or something like that, maybe hash browns.
Stay away from the citrus fruits and juices if they affect you.
Oatmeal with some berries and low fat milk are a good choice.
Just make sure that you have a variety of proteins, carbohydrates and
healthy fats, so that you have balanced meal.
Jill Osborne -- Eating out is always difficult for patients who travel
frequently. What ideas do you have for ordering an IC friendly meal in a
restaurant?
Dr. Shorter -– Try grilled or broiled chicken, fish, fresh meats,
potatoes or rice and the IC friendly veggies and fruits.
Drink water or low fat milk.
Watch the salads and salad dressings. These can sometimes contain
ingredients that don't agree with IC patients.
There are many nutritious IC friendly foods.
Jill Osborne -- Amber raises an important point. "What if you stick to
the diet but see no change in your symptoms?”
Dr. Shorter -- You have to look at other factors in your life too.
What medications are you taking?
Are you taking weight loss products?
Which soaps do you use when you wash your underwear?
Do you wear cotton undergarments?
Do you use white, unbleached toilet tissue?
Do you use feminine deodorant products?
What dietary supplements do you take?
Do you use a diaphragm?
Are you often constipated?
There are a lot of variables that you have to look at, not just foods.
Some people are even affected by cold seats. I find that cold seats
trigger my IC.
Jill Osborne -- Will you be writing the research up for IC patients??
Dr. Shorter -- Yes, we're still analyzing the data, but we will be
writing it up and submitting the article to a journal.
Jill Osborne -- What advice do you have for a patient who is just afraid
to eat??
Dr. Shorter -- I think that the patient should see a registered
dietitian (RD) so that she can discuss all of the food groups and plan
an Elimination diet.
The patient may need help to determine all of her safe foods vs. risky
foods.
She should work with an RD to develop an individual meal plan.
The patient will benefit from the assistance of professional -– IC diets
are unique to each one of us.
Jill Osborne -- And remember that fresh foods tend to be safer than
manufactured foods with lots of chemicals and additives.
Remember that some of the foods that are bad for IC,
are good for IBS and vice versa.
Any suggestions for someone struggling with both conditions??
Dr. Shorter -– With IBS, just like IC, you have to treat the
symptoms and work with the person individually.
Different people have different responses to foods.
Some can't tolerate fats, corn or wheat so you need to work with a
professional to develop a meal plan that will address these issues.
Jill Osborne -- Flannery asks about foods containing gluten.
Has there been any connection between IC and celiac disease?
Dr. Shorter -- I haven't read about a connection, not to say that
there isn't. I don't know.
Jill Osborne -– Would food allergy testing be helpful??
Dr. Shorter -- Allergies to foods and food intolerances are
uniquely different and can certainly cause various types of discomfort.
A patient could benefit from talking with an allergist and nutritionist.
Jill Osborne -- Why is the IC diet so similar to the diet used to
prevent migraines?
Dr. Shorter -- Migraines are often caused by foods high in tyramine
and the IC diet usually excludes foods that are high in tyramine.
We're not sure if it is actually the tyramine that is triggering the
problematic symptoms, but it's a possibility.
We need to do more research to determine that.
Jill Osborne -- Are there any oils which are more IC friendly to cook with?
Dr. Shorter -- What comes to mind is that certain olive oils are
more acidic than others.
For instance, the virgin olive oils which are very limited in
processing, have more acid in them.
Basically, most of the oils seem to be okay.
But, for you, if the virgin oil is a problem then use the regular olive
oil.
The most healthy oils that we suggest people use are the olive and
canola oils.
Jill Osborne -– A patient asks for your advice on what she can say to
doctors who say that the IC diet is unnecessary??
In other words, who don't believe that diet is important?
Dr. Shorter -– We are working with research that will help us to
validate what, in the past, we felt was true.
For years we’ve heard anecdotal reports from thousands of patients who
said that various foods increased their bladder flares.
This study will help to confirm that certain foods tend to exacerbate
bladder symptoms in IC patients.
You will be able to refer to it when it is in print.
We're hoping to use this data as a starting point to do other studies
related to foods and IC.
There is a tremendous amount of research necessary to answer many
questions about the various components of foods, beverages and
supplements and IC flares.
Jill Osborne –- Why do some laundry soaps bother the bladder??
Dr. Shorter -- There are chemicals in the soap that are irritating.
What I generally do is use detergents that are FREE detergents with no
perfumes, dyes, etc. etc. and I rinse my cotton underwear three times
and I do not use fabric softeners, etc.
Jill Osborne -- Let me just say that we've known, for many years, the
soaps have the potential of bothering some IC patients, particularly
patients who struggle with urethral and/or vulvar discomfort.
So, if you look at the ICN Patient Handbook, we have several stories and
self help tipson soaps, including one called "The Case of the Poison
Underwear."
I have many memories myself of having bad flares after putting on a
pair of underwear washed in Cheer.
Jill Osborne -- Soy products??? Tofu??
Dr. Shorter -- They vary depending upon whether or not they are
fermented, and how they are prepared.
IC patients have to try them to see if they are problematic.
I personally have no problem with soy.
Jill Osborne -- Rice milk?
Dr. Shorter -- Rice milk is a good alternative to soy milk if
you're sensitive to soy.
Be sure it is enriched with Calcium and B12 if you are using it as a
milk substitute.
Jill Osborne -- IC friendly dessert ideas??
Dr. Shorter -- Nutritionists always recommend desserts like fruit,
but also there are simple cookies, for example, vanilla snaps or wafers,
puddings –- even plain cakes and pastries. These tend to be safe.
Unfortunately, some people have to stay away from chocolate.
Although we do not recommend junk food, in moderation, on occasion it's
okay.
I want to point out that when we talk about healthy eating habits,
we try not to tell people that they can never ever, ever have a
particular food because then they obsess about it.
We explain that sometimes a person (who is not on a therapeutically
restricted diet) can have small amounts of a food that she has a desire
for.
We have found in the past that seriously restricting foods can lead to
binge eating and eating disorders.
Jill Osborne -- If you plan on eating a risk food, can you recommend any
suggestions??
Dr. Shorter -- Make sure it's at a time when you can be home or
close to home just in case you have a problem.
And, remember that the quantity of a particular food can make a difference.
Try to limit the amount of the suspected food that you eat.
One of the things that I do is that I fill up on something that is safe
and then, when I’m almost finished eating, have only a tiny portion of
the risky food.
Then, I can end up with that wonderful flavor in my mouth.
Jill Osborne -- Is there such a thing as an IC safe chocolate??
Bev Laumann says in her book that a semi sweet or bitter chocolate may
be more IC friendly than a mass market milk chocolate which tends to
have more fillers and additives in it.
Dr. Shorter -- Yes.
Carob is not a problem and remember, some people don’t have a problem
with chocolate.
Jill Osborne -- Do you see any benefits to juicing?
Dr. Shorter -- Personally, I don’t see any benefits to juicing if
the fruit pulp and fiber are removed. Most juicers take away the pulp
and fiber. These are beneficial parts of the plant. There are often many
nutrients and phytochemicals in the skins and pulp of fruits and
vegetables. People tend to get more nutritional value from a whole fruit
or vegetable rather than just the juice. Additionally, whole fruits and
vegetables have more satiety value. You feel fuller.
Jill Osborne -– Do you have any position on small amounts of regular
sugar in our IC diets??
Dr. Shorter -- I feel that small amounts of sugar are fine for
anyone, particularly if it makes a nutritious food more palatable.
One problem is that most people don’t consume sugar in moderation.
They tend to add many unnecessary calories by ingesting too much sugar.
In many cases, if we could only practice moderation, we could enjoy
almost anything.
Jill Osborne -- Last question of the night. What suggestion do you have
for someone who used to take a B supplement but can't now that they have
IC. The B supplements are particularly irritating to an IC bladder for
SOME patients?
Dr. Shorter -- Vary your diet and meet with a registered dietitian
so that you plan meals to include all the food groups.
You get B Vitamins in meats, fish, poultry, whole grain products etc.
A varied and balanced diet will provide you with the B Vitamins you need.
My take home message to everyone: If you're worried about your diet
or are afraid to eat many foods, find a registered dietitian to help you
follow and elimination diet.
She can help you to select a balanced, healthy diet that you will enjoy
and still find non-irritating to your bladder.
You should not have to be afraid to eat when you have IC.
There are many wonderful foods that are available to you.
Jill Osborne -- Thank you Dr. Shorter for your time tonight!
We so appreciate your efforts, your wisdom and, most of all, the fact
that you are an IC patient who has made a difference for all of us!
© 2006 –- Interstitial Cystitis Network -- All Rights Reserved.
May not be reproduced without written permission from the Interstitial
Cystitis Network
Administrative Office:
Interstitial Cystitis Network
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Santa Rosa, CA 95409
V. 707.538.9442 F. 707.538.9444
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Disclaimer: The Interstitial Cystitis Network website and publications
are for informational purposes only. The IC Network is not a medical
authority nor do we provide any medical advice. Nothing contained in
this publication should be considered medical advice and should not be
relied upon as a substitute for consultation with a qualified medical
professional. We strongly recommend that you discuss your medical care
and treatments with your personal medical care provider. Only that
medical professional can, and should, give you medical advice.
2006 July 25 –- An Evening with Dr. Robert Moldwin, MD, FACS -- New,
emerging therapies for Interstititial Cystitis (Completed)
One of the most popular, affable and encouraging speakers at
national events, Dr. Robert Moldwin (NY) made a name for himself by
writing the #1 best selling book on IC, "The Interstitial Cystitis
Survival Guide."
Dr. Moldwin is Director of the Chronic Pelvic Pain Center for the North
Shore-LIJ Health System.
He is also Associate Professor of Clinical Urology at Albert Einstein
College of Medicine in New York City.
Dr. Moldwin often serves as an advocate and expert consultant, lecturing
to audiences of colleagues, patients and members of the media on such
topics as incontinence in men and women, urological health, interstitial
cystitis and pelvic disorders. Media hits include CNN, CBS News,
Woman's Day, Newsday, Oxygen, Men's Health, Self Magazine and Ladies
Home Journal.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/526
bladder pain from aspartame, MSG, caffeine, Interstitial Cystitis
Network: Murray 2001.01.09
On Jan 3 2001 Jeff Rense on his national radio program
interviewed Betty Martini and Mark Long about aspartame toxicity.
http://www.dorway.com
http://rense.com http://www.sightings.com
Jill Osborne called in to comment that
she gets a call every week at her Interstitial Cystitis Network from
women whose severe bladder problems are caused in large part
by aspartame diet drinks.
jill@...
diane@...
http://www.ic-network.com 707-538-9442
Interstitial Cystitis Network Santa Rosa, CA 95409
About 700,000 in the USA have IC -- 90% female.
I searched "aspartame" on their extensive site, and found these
extracts:
***************************
Interstitial Cystitis Network -- Chat Log (www.ic-network.com)
November 28, 2000
Topic: Pelvic Pain -- Beyond IC
Speaker: Dr. Deborah Metzger, Co-founder, Helena Women's Center
Moderator: Jill Osborne, ICN Founder
We would like to thank our sponsor, AKPharma (makers of Prelief),
for helping to make this, and other ICN chat events,
possible during the year 2000. Our corporate sponsors help
us to maintain the largest free archive of IC information in the world,
now accessed by patients and providers in 69 countries.
(icnmgrjill) Welcome to the ICN Support Chat for November 28, 2000.
Tonight we welcome a very special guest speaker. Dr. Deborah Metzger
is one of the nations leading specialists in managing pelvic pain.
She is currently the co-founder of Helena Women's Health in Palo Alto,
California. Prior to that, she was on the faculty at
Yale University School of Medicine. She was
in private practice in Hartford, Connecticut, and was also on the
faculty at the University of Connecticut.
She is a founding member of the International Pelvic Pain Society
where she is currently Vice President and Chair of their Research
Committee.
Dr. Metzger is also one of the editors of
Chronic Pelvic Pain: An Integrated Approach
which was the first book on the subject of pelvic pain. Welcome Dr.
Metzger!
[
http://www.harmonywomenshealth.com/web/
Harmony Women's Health
info@...,
851 Fremont Ave, Suite 104
Los Altos, CA 95128
Tel: 650-229-1010 Fax: 650-229-1011 ]
(icnmgrjill) And also some patients bladders are
very sensitive and inflamed and normal acidic foods, such
as coffee or soda, can set off a flare easily.
And speaking of soda, I believe that there is a subset of patients
who have developed intense bladder irritation after decades
of drinking diet soda.
I talk to at least one new patient a week who have drunk large amounts
of diet soda
and one Icer just last week said that she ONLY drank diet soda for years
.. and now water.
What is your position on aspartame and the dangers of diet soda?
(drmetzger) Nutrasweet is a known bladder irritant.
Saccharin causes bladder cancer in rats, and probably related to
that is it's ability to irritate.
A natural substitute for sugar is Stevia.
However, the woman may only become sensitive to
artificial sweeteners once she has developed food allergies and IC.
#1) What is the "IC Diet"?
It's a list of foods that many IC patients find makes their
bladder symptoms temporarily worse.
This list varies a bit depending on who you talk to, but in general it
can be described as a low-tyramine, low-acid, bland diet.
Foods that bother us tend to fall into five categories and
some foods are in more than one category.
The first four categories are ones that a lot of us have problems with:
acid substances (like orange juice, carbonated water, and aspirin),
foods high in tyramine and histamine (red wine, aged cheese, and soy
sauce),
irritants such as caffeine (in coffee and chocolate) and capsaicin (in
chile peppers),
and some artificial ingredients
(such as monosodium glutamate, aspartame, and benzoates).
That's four categories.
The fifth one is very much an individual thing and varies
from person to person: common allergens.
Some people who are genuinely allergic to certain foods will also react
with their bladders to those foods.
*****
Date: December 7, 1999
Interstitial Cystitis Network -- Chat Log (www.ic-network.com)
Topic: Diet, Nutrition and IC
Speaker: Beverly Laumann, author of
"A Taste of the Good Life: A Cookbook for an Interstitial Cystitis
Diet."
<icnmgrjill> Welcome to the ICN Support Group meeting for
December 7, 1990. Our guest speaker tonight is Bev Laumann,
author of the book
"A Taste of the Good Life: A Cookbook for an interstitial cystitis
Diet."
For those of you in Southern California, you will recognize Bev as the
Orange County ICA support group leader. Bev is also one of the
first IC patients on-line... we've known each other for five years.
I can say, from the bottom of my heart, that she is truly
exceptional in her knowledge of IC and her commitment to the cause.
Whenever I have questions, she's who I call for a second opinion!
Bev, welcome to the ICN!
It's great that we finally got you to come speak for us!
<BevLaumann> It's nice to be here. Thank you very much for inviting me!
<icnmgrjill> Bev has created a presentation for us that we'll go ahead
and start first and then we'll take your Q&A.
#4) I have fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),
migraines, and vulvodynia in addition to the IC.
How will the IC diet affect those conditions?
Some foods with caffeine (like coffee, tea,
most carbonated sodas, and chocolate) are best avoided if you have
fibromyalgia because they interfere with sleep patterns.
People with fibromyalgia (which is characterized by chronic
muscle stiffness and soreness accompanied by "tender points")
don't get the deep restorative kind of sleep their
bodies need and are often fatigued. Caffeine makes this worse.
Doctors disagree on the exact figures, but one
nationwide survey of hundreds of IC patients found that
approximately 17% had been diagnosed by their physician
with fibromyalgia. The true numbers of IC patients with
fibromyalgia may be as high as 60% or as low as 10%.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is sometimes called
"spastic colon" and it's a functional intestinal disorder
characterized by abdominal pain and bloating, often
relieved by bowel movements.
In one study, 27% of the hundreds of participating IC patients had
physician-diagnosed IBS.
People with IBS often have chronic constipation, diarrhea, or
alternating bouts of each.
The IC diet should improve your IBS because it avoids certain foods that
irritate the colon.
Some of these foods are: chili powder, red pepper, cloves,
caffeine, mustard , aspartame and monosodium glutamate.
*******************************
Interstitial Cystitis Network: Patient Handbook:
Diet & IC, Apr 21 2000
line 104: Whether it be plain carbonated water or flavored sodas,
IC patients often complain about their effects on the bladder.
Of particular note are fountain drawn sodas at movie theatres which seem
to be far more acidic than sodas available in a can.
For diet soda fans, you should educate yourself about the controversies
surrounding sugar substitutes (aspartame, saccharin) which may cause
bladder irritation in even healthy bladders.
The most difficult soda to tolerate appears to be diet cola, which is a
quadruple whammy of
carbonation, caffeine, aspartame and cocoa derivatives,
four known bladder irritants.
Taken all at once it can be one of an IC patients worst trigger.
If you must have a soda, try a clear, non-diet soda, like Seven Up®.
***************************
Interstitial Cystitis Network : Feature Columns :
Fresh Tastes Feb 1999 : Sweets for my Sweet, Nov 30 1999
Bev Laumann
blaumann@...
Revised: Sept. 22, 1999
You Are Here: IC Network : Fresh Tastes : February 1999
February 1999: Sweets for my sweet!
I like to snack on candy now and then but Valentine's Day has always
been a great excuse for me to temporarily pig out.
And until recently, I was lucky to have never gained any weight
from my mid-winter spree. In fact, for many years
I was the family's unabashed chocoholic. So understandably,
avoiding chocolate this month is not going to be easy or pleasant.
But at least with chocolate I instantly recognize it and know what
I'm letting myself in for.... a lot of bladder pain.
Artificial sweeteners though, are sneaky. They lurk in candies,
ice creams, snacks, drinks and other treats, unsuspected unless
you read the label.
Aspartame is one of the artificial sweeteners we encounter the most.
Aspartame enables many people to enjoy sweet foods diabetics,
hypoglycemics, and people looking to shed a few pounds, for instance.
But for those of us with IC, aspartame is far from good news.
It can increase our urgency, frequency and bladder pain.
Troubles with aspartame are not limited to IC sufferers though.
People with phenylketonuria shouldn't consume it.
(Their bodies can't properly deal with one of its breakdown products,
phenylalanine).
And many migraine sufferers find that aspartame provokes their headaches.
Aspartame is broken down in the digestive tract into other compounds,
two of which are aspartic acid and phenylalanine.
No one knows why IC patients have trouble with aspartame,
but these two breakdown products are likely suspects.
Phenylalanine is found in the protein of many foods.
Some susceptible people seem to be sensitive to increased amounts of it,
regardless of the source.
The body can convert phenylalanine in food to tyrosine, which can in
turn be converted to tyramine (a substance that constricts blood vessels
and affects blood pressure, among other things).
Many of the foods that people with IC or migraines find troubling are
high in tyrosine and/or tyramine-- foods like red wine and cheddar
cheese.
So if your Valentine's Day plans include sharing a few sweets with your
sweet, be sure the treats are the old-fashioned kind -- made with sugar.
Some candies that IC patients can often tolerate include:
divinity, caramels, licorice, taffy, butterscotch drops, carob candies,
nougats, some mint gumdrops, horehound drops, and peppermint sticks.
And speaking of sweet treats (the non-chocolate kind) here is a recipe
for one quick-to make delicious homemade candy.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
"Of course, everyone chooses, as a natural priority, to enjoy peace,
joy, and love by helping to find, quickly share, and positively act upon
evidence about healthy and safe food, drink, and environment."
Rich Murray, MA Room For All
rmforall@...
505-501-2298 1943 Otowi Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87505
http://RMForAll.blogspot.com new primary archive
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/messages
group with 112 members, 1,489 posts in a public,
searchable archive
http://rmforall.blogspot.com/2007_09_01_archive.htm
Saturday, September 15, 2007
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1472
bias, omissions, incuriosity = opportunity, aspartame safety evaluation,
Magnuson BA, Burdock GA, Williams GM, 7 more, 2007 Sept, Ajinomoto
funded 98 pages html [$ 32 781888262_content.pdf]: Murray 2007.09.15
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
13 mainstream research studies in 24 months showing aspartame toxicity,
also 3 relevant studies on methanol and formaldehyde: Murray 2007.11.12
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1464
Aspartame toxicity was shown in thirteen detailed mainstream research
studies in 24 months in work by expert teams in USA, South Africa,
England, Italy, Greece, Hungary, and Mexico.
Very little has been publicized in mass print and broadcast media.
Also highly relevant are a study in South Korea that finds levels of
methanol similar to those from aspartame drinks cause the hangovers
from alcohol drinks, a study in China on Alzheimer's type damage in
nerve cells from low dose formaldehyde, and an IARC review by 25
experts that determines formaldehyde to be a human carcinogen.
http://RMForAll.blogspot.com October 12, 2007
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1479
13,620 seniors using more than 1 can/week artificially sweetened
[aspartame] soft drinks had 8 % higher death risk, 1981-2004, Paganini-
Hill A, Kawas CH, Corrada MM, U. Southern Cal., Prev. Med. 2007 April
44(4) 305-10: Murray 2007.10.12
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1475
19,000 people, the 4 % of users of aspartame who drink average 5 cans
daily, have more problems in NIH AARP study of 474,000 people: Murray
2007.09.21
http://RMForAll.blogspot.com September 21, 2007
Table 1. NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study aspartame intake levels from
beverages, 1995-2000 (N = 473,984)
[ adapted from article -- a 12-oz can diet soda has 200 mg aspartame ]
0 - under 100 - 100-200 - 200-400 - 400-600 - 600-1200 - over 1200 mg/d
cohort %
46 ------- 25 ------ 13 ------ 7 -------- 5 -- about 3 --- under 1
This is the first good data about the percentage of aspartame users
who use over 3 cans daily, averaging 5 cans daily at 200 mg per 12 oz
can diet soda.
About 4 % of 473,984 is 19,000 people, with a peak intake of 17 cans
daily, and average 5 cans daily.
It would be worthwhile to investigate a wide variety of symptoms for
the 0.1 % of highest level users, about 500 people.
For about 200 million USA aspartame users, this would be 200,000
people.
Table 1 reveals consistent increase in problems from
--------------------- zero to (400-600) to (over 600) mg/d
aspartame intake:
% of cohort ---------- 46 -------- 5 -------- 4 %
mean aspartame mg/d --- 0 -------441 ------ 986
16+ education -------- 37 ------- 40 ------- 34 %
diabetes history ------ 3 ------- 22 ------- 26 %
alcohol g/d ---------- 14 ------- 11 ------- 13
never smoke ---------- 36 ------- 31 ------- 29 %
Body Mass Index ------ 26 ------- 29 ------- 29
18.5 - 25 ------------ 42 ------- 21 ------- 19 %
30 - 35 -------------- 13 ------- 23 ------- 26 %
over 35 -------------- 4 ------- 10 ------- 13 %
Physical activity %:
under 3-4/mo --------- 32 ------- 32 ------- 37 %
under 1-2/wk --------- 22 ------- 21 ------- 19 %
over 3-4/wk ---------- 45 ------- 45 ------- 43 %
Calories kcal ----- 1,919 ---- 1,855 ---- 2,044 %
Caffeine mg/d ------ 393 ------ 364 ------ 424
There do seem to be many increases of problems
from the second to third row, as mean aspartame use doubles.
Granted, this is cherry picking the data, selecting interesting
patterns.
Correlations alone do not prove any direction of causation.
Nevertheless, it may be of value to study the correlations for
increasing aspartame intake among the 4 % using over 600 mg, the
equivalent of 3 cans 12-oz cans diet soda daily. The average use for
this group is 5 cans daily.
For instance, are a minority of these heavy users displaying the great
majority of the problems that are reflected in the mean for each level
of use, with most users only having little or no increase in problems?
This is a group of about 20,000 people.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1141
Nurses Health Study can quickly reveal the extent of aspartame
(methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid) toxicity: Murray 2004.11.21
The Nurses Health Study is a bonanza of information about the health
of probably hundreds of nurses who use 6 or more cans daily of diet soft
drinks -- they have also stored blood and tissue samples from their
immense pool of subjects, over 100,000 for decades.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 Sep; 15(9): 1654-9.
Comment in:
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Jul; 16(7): 1527-8;
author reply 1528-9.
Consumption of aspartame-containing beverages and incidence of
hematopoietic and brain malignancies.
Lim U, Subar AF, Mouw T, Hartge P, Morton LM, Stolzenberg-Solomon R,
Campbell D, Hollenbeck AR, Schatzkin A.
Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences,
National Cancer Institute, 6130 Executive Boulevard, EPN 4005,
Rockville, MD 20852-7344, USA. PMID: 16985027
Unhee Lim 1,
Amy F. Subar 2,
subara@...,
Traci Mouw 1,
Patricia Hartge 1,
Lindsay M. Morton 1,
Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon 1,
David Campbell 3,
Albert R. Hollenbeck 4
and Arthur Schatzkin 1
1 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics,
2 Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer
Institute, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services;
3 Information Management Services, Inc., Rockville, Maryland; and
4 AARP, Washington, District of Columbia
Requests for reprints: Amy Subar,
Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences,
National Cancer Institute,
6130 Executive Boulevard, EPN 4005, Rockville, MD 20852-7344.
Phone: 301-594-0831; Fax: 301-435-3710. E-mail:
subara@...
http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/cgi/content/full/15/9/1654 free full
text
BACKGROUND:
In a few animal experiments, aspartame has been linked to
hematopoietic and brain cancers.
Most animal studies have found no increase in the risk of these or
other cancers.
Data on humans are sparse for either cancer.
Concern lingers regarding this widely used artificial sweetener.
OBJECTIVE:
We investigated prospectively whether aspartame consumption is
associated with the risk of hematopoietic cancers or gliomas
(malignant brain cancer).
METHODS:
We examined 285,079 men and 188,905 women ages 50 to 71 years in the
NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort
Daily aspartame intake was derived from responses to a baseline self-
administered food frequency questionnaire that queried consumption of
four aspartame-containing beverages (soda, fruit drinks, sweetened
iced tea, and aspartame added to hot coffee and tea) during the past
year.
Histologically confirmed incident cancers were identified from eight
state cancer registries.
Multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence
intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards
regression that adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, and
history of diabetes.
RESULTS:
During over 5 years of follow-up (1995-2000), 1,888 hematopoietic
cancers and 315 malignant gliomas were ascertained.
Higher levels of aspartame intake were not associated with the risk of
overall hematopoietic cancer
(RR for over 600 mg/d, 0.98; 95 % CI, 0.76-1.27),
glioma (RR for over 400 mg/d, 0.73; 95 % CI, 0.46-1.15;
P for inverse linear trend = 0.05),
or their subtypes in men and women.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings do not support the hypothesis that aspartame increases
hematopoietic or brain cancer risk. PMID: 16985027
"We cannot exclude the possibility that higher aspartame consumption
than that observed in this study may be associated with an elevated
risk of hematopoietic or brain cancers.
In the laboratory study with positive findings, animals were fed doses
starting from 4 mg up to 5,000 mg per kg body weight.
Significantly elevated lymphomas and leukemias were observed in female
rats fed 20 mg of aspartame and higher (e.g., 1,200 mg for humans
weighing 60 kg or 132 lb; refs. 13, 14).
The reported aspartame intake in our data ranged from 0 to 3,400 mg/d
with sparse numbers in the upper intake categories (under 1 %
consuming over 1,200 mg/d).
However, we did not detect any increase in risk estimates in the
highest categories (over 1,200 or 2,000 mg/d, which is equivalent to
about 7 to 11 cans of soft drinks daily) compared with the lowest
categories,
and the associations were similarly null in both men and women."
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Aug 8; [Epub ahead of print]
Direct and indirect cellular effects of aspartame on the brain.
Humphries P,
Pretorius E,
resia.pretorius@...,
Naudé H.
[1] Department of Anatomy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng,
South Africa
[2] Department of Anatomy, University of the Limpopo, South Africa.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1463
Ultrastruct Pathol. 2007 Mar-Apr; 31(2): 77-83.
Ultrastructural changes to rabbit fibrin and platelets due to
aspartame.
Pretorius E,
Humphries P.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Pretoria, South Africa.
[ Humphries P also at
Department of Anatomy, University of Limpopo.
Medunsa Campus, Garankuwa. South Africa ]
*Correspondence to E. Pretorius,
BMW Building, PO Box 2034,
Faculty of Health Sciences,
University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1452
aspartame decreases evoked extracellular dopamine levels in the rat
brain, Brian P Bergstrom, Muskingum College, Neuropharmacology
2007.09.29: Murray 2007.11.06
"These findings suggest that APM has a relatively potent effect of
decreasing evoked extracellular DA levels when administered systemically
under the conditions specified. "
Neuropharmacology. 2007 Sep 29; [Epub ahead of print]
Aspartame decreases evoked extracellular dopamine levels in the rat
brain: An in vivo voltammetry study.
Bergstrom BP,
brianb@...,
[ (2001), Associate Professor of Biology, B.S., Ph.D., Illinois State
University
Brian Bergstrom studies neurochemical changes in synaptic function of
dopamine neurons in response to neurodegenerative disease, drugs of
abuse, and pharmacological regulation.
He is Assistant Professor of Biology and teaches Intro to Cell and
Molecular Biology, Cell Physiology, and Advanced Neuroscience.]
Cummings DR,
bynehill@...,
Skaggs TA.
Department of Biology, Neuroscience Program,
Muskingum College, New Concord, OH 43762, USA.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1485
[ not about aspartame, but highly suggestive... ]
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1471
Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in kids, McCann D, Grimshaw
K, Sonuga-Barke, Warner JO, Stevenson J, et al, The Lancet 2007.09.06
pdf 454 KB: Murray 2007.09.06
www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/health/womenfamily.html?in_article_id=45\
\3431&in_page_id=1799
By UK Daily Mail Newspaper
The proof food additives ARE as bad as we feared
By SEAN POULTER Last updated at 09:53am on 18th May 2007
[ This team will publish their confirming study later in 2007. ]
http://adc.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/89/6/506
Archives of Disease in Childhood 2004; 89(6): 506-511
Erratum in: Arch Dis Child. 2005 Aug; 90(8): 875.
© 2004 BMJ Publishing Group & Royal College of Paediatrics and Child
Health
The effects of a double blind, placebo controlled, artificial food
colourings and benzoate preservative challenge on hyperactivity in a
general population sample of preschool children
B Bateman 1,
J O Warner 1,
j.o.warner@...,
E Hutchinson 3,
T Dean 5,
tara.dean@...,
P Rowlandson 4, Dr. Piers Rolandson, Paediatric Tutor
C Gant 5,
J Grundy 5,
C Fitzgerald 3
and J Stevenson 2
jsteven@...,
1 Infection, Inflammation and Repair Division, University of
Southampton, Southampton, UK
2 Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
3 Department of Clinical Psychology, St Mary's Hospital, Isle of
Wight, UK
4 Department of Paediatrics, St Mary's Hospital, Isle of Wight, UK
5 David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital,
Isle of Wight, UK
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1461
www.ehponline.org/members/2007/10271/10271.pdf free full text 24 pages
National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
Lifespan Exposure to Low Doses of Aspartame Beginning During Prenatal
Life Increases Cancer Effects in Rats
doi:10.1289/ehp.10271 (available at
http://dx.doi.org/)
Online 13 June 2007
Morando Soffritti 1,
Fiorella Belpoggi 1,
Eva Tibaldi 1,
Davide Degli Esposti 1,
Michela Lauriola 1
1 Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center, European Ramazzini Foundation
of Oncology and Environmental Sciences, Bologna Italy
Address of the institution: Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center,
European Ramazzini Foundation of Oncology and Environmental Sciences
Castello di Bentivoglio, Via Saliceto, 3, 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna,
Italy +39 051 6640460 fax +39 051 6640223
crcfr@..., www.ramazzini.it
Address correspondence to: M. Soffritti
Acknowledgements:
This research was supported entirely by the European Ramazzini
Foundation Environmental Sciences.
The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1441
http://www.ramazzini.it/fondazione/docs/NYAS_Aspartame_Ramazzini.pdf
Results of Long-Term Carcinogenicity Bioassay on Sprague-Dawley Rats
Exposed to Aspartame Administered in Feed
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2006 Sep; 1076: 559-577.
Fiorella Belpoggi,
Morando Soffritti,
Michela Padovani,
Davide Degli Esposti,
Michelina Lauriola, and
Franco Minardi.
The end judges everything -- HERODOTUS (480-425 B.C.) The History
Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center,
European Foundation of Oncology and Environmental Sciences
'B. Ramazzini',ť 40010 Bentivoglio, Bologna, Italy
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1382
[ and, previously ]
First experimental demonstration of the multipotential
carcinogenic effects of aspartame administered in the feed to Sprague-
Dawley rats.
Environ. Health Perspect. 2006 Mar; 114: 379-385. PMID: 16507461
Soffritti M, Belpoggi F, Degli Esposti D, Lambertini L, Tibaldi E,
Rigano A.
Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 113, Number 11
November 2005 Current print issue
The full version of this article is available for free in PDF format.
http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/members/2005/8711/8711.pdf 35 pages
First Experimental Demonstration of the
Multipotential Carcinogenic Effects of Aspartame
Administered in the Feed to Sprague-Dawley Rats.
Morando Soffritti, Fiorella Belpoggi, Davide Degli Esposti,
Luca Lambertini, Eva Tibaldi, and Anna Rigano.
doi:10.1289/ehp.8711 (available at
http://dx.doi.org/)
Online 17 November 2005
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
National Institutes of Health
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
http://www.ehponline.org/
Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Center,
European Ramazzini Foundation of Oncology and
Environmental Sciences
Sofritti, M. et al. 2005.
Aspartame induces lymphomas and leukaemias in rats.
Eur. J. Oncol. 2005; 10: 107-116.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1250
Food Chem Toxicol. 2007 Jun 16;[Epub ahead of print]
The effect of aspartame metabolites on the suckling rat
frontal cortex acetylcholinesterase. An in vitro study.
Simintzi I,
Schulpis KH,
inchildh@...,
Angelogianni P,
Liapi C,
Tsakiris S.
stsakir@...,
Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School,
University of Athens,
P.O. Box 65257, GR 15401 Athens, Greece.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1459
Toxicology. 2007 May 18; [Epub ahead of print]
l-Cysteine and glutathione restore the reduction of rat hippocampal
Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity induced by aspartame metabolites.
Simintzi I,
Schulpis KH,
Angelogianni P,
Liapi C,
Tsakiris S.
Department of Experimental Physiology,
Medical School, Athens University,
P.O. Box 65257, GR-15401 Athens, Greece.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1447
Pharmacol Res. 2007 May 13; [Epub ahead of print]
The effect of aspartame on acetylcholinesterase activity in
hippocampal homogenates of suckling rats.
Simintzi I,
Schulpis KH,
Angelogianni P,
Liapi C,
Tsakiris S.
Department of Experimental Physiology,
Medical School, University of Athens,
P.O. Box 65257, GR-15401 Athens, Greece.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1444
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Dec 14; [Epub ahead of print]
The effect of L-cysteine and glutathione on inhibition of
Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity by aspartame metabolites
in human erythrocyte [red blood cell] membrane.
Schulpis KH, Kleopatra H. Schulpis, MD, PhD.
Institute of Child Health, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital,
GR-11527 Athens (Greece) +30 1 7708291, Fax +30 1 7700111
inchildh@...
Papassotiriou I,
biochem@...,
Tsakiris T,
Tsakiris S. Stylianos Tsakiris.
stsakir@...,
1 Institute of Child Health, Research Center,
'Aghia Sophia' Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
ggbriass@... ersi_voskaridou@...
mmoschov@... siahanidou@...
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1279
Pharmacol Res. 2005 Aug 26; [Epub ahead of print]
The effect of aspartame metabolites on human [red blood cell]
erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase activity.
Tsakiris S,
Giannoulia-Karantana A,
Simintzi I,
Schulpis KH.
Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School,
University of Athens, P.O. Box 65257, GR-154 01 Athens, Greece.
Stylianos Tsakiris.
stsakir@...,
Giannoulia-Karantana A. First Department of Pediatrics,
Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, University of Athens, Greece.
Kleopatra H. Schulpis, MD, PhD. Institute of Child Health,
Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, GR-11527 Athens (Greece)
Tel. +30 1 7708291, Fax +30 1 7700111
inchildh@...
[ Papoutsakis T.
tina.papoutsakis@...,
Papadopoulos G. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology,
University of Thessaly, Ploutonos 26, 41221 Larisa, Greece
papg@..., ]
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1213
In Vivo. 2007 Jan-Feb; 21(1): 89-92.
The effect of aspartame administration on oncogene and suppressor gene
expressions.
Gombos K,
katalin_gombos@...,
Varjas T,
Orsos Z,
Polyak E,
Peredi J,
Varga Z,
Nowrasteh G,
Tettinger A,
Mucsi G,
Ember I.
Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Public Health University of Pecs,
Pecs, Hungary.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1414
Hum Exp Toxicol. 2006 Aug; 25(8): 453-9.
The effect of aspartame on rat brain xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes.
Vences-Mejia A 1,
Labra-Ruiz N 1,
Hernandez-Martinez N 1,
Dorado-Gonzalez V 1,
Gomez-Garduno J 1,
Perez-Lopez I 1,
Nosti-Palacios R 1,
Camacho Carranza R 2,
Espinosa-Aguirre JJ 2.
Laboratorio de Toxicologia Genetica,
1: Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Insurgentes Sur, 3700-C,
04530 Mexico, DF Mexico.
2: Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Apartado postal
70228,
Ciudad Universitaria 04510 México, D.F., México
http://www.biomedicas.unam.mx/index.asp
*Correspondence: JJ Espinosa-Aguirre, Instituto de Investigaciones
Biome´dicas, UNAM, Apartado postal 70228, Ciudad
Universitaria 04510 Me´xico, D.F., Me´xico
Human & Experimental Toxicology (2006) 25(8): 453 - 459.
www.sagepublications.com
c 2006 SAGE Publications 10.1191/0960327106het646oa
[ Dra. Araceli Vences M
Jefa de Laboratorio de Toxicologia Genetica
6° P de Hospital Laboratorios
10 84 09 00 Ext.1410 -1448
aritaven@..., ]
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1373
Toxicol Sci. 2006 Mar;90(1):178-87.
Synergistic interactions between commonly used food additives in a
developmental neurotoxicity test.
Lau K, McLean WG, Williams DP, Howard CV.
Developmental Toxicopathology Unit,
Department of Human Anatomy & Cell Biology,
University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK;
Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics,
University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK.
W. Graham McLean
w.g.mclean@...,
C. V. Howard
c.v.howard@...,
D. P. Williams
dom@..., 0151 794 5791
http://www.liv.ac.uk/
Miss. Karen Lau
karenlau@..., 0151 795 4223
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1271
http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2202-8-9.pdf
free full text 28 pages
This Provisional PDF corresponds to the article as it appeared upon
acceptance.
Copyedited and fully formatted PDF and full text (HTML) versions will
be made available soon.
Amyloid-like aggregates of neuronal tau induced by formaldehyde
promote
apoptosis of neuronal cells
BMC Neuroscience 2007 Jan 23, 8(1): 9 doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-8-9
Chunlai Nie
niecl1022@...,
Xing sheng Wang
step@...,
Ying Liu
liuy@...,
Sarah Perrett
sperrett@...,
Rongqiao He
herq@...,
ISSN 1471-2202
Article type Research article
Submission date 15 August 2006
Acceptance date 23 January 2007
Publication date 23 January 2007
Article URL
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/8/9
Chun Lai Nie 1,3,
Xing Sheng Wang 1,3,
Ying Liu 1,
Sarah Perrett 2 and
Rong Qiao He 1,3*
1 State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,
Institute of Biophysics, 15 Datun Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing
100101, China
2 National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules,
Institute of Biophysics, 15 Datun Rd, Chaoyang District, Beijing
100101, China
3 Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Rd,
Shijingshan
District, Beijing 100049, China
*Corresponding author
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1406
Addict Biol. 2005 Dec;10(4): 351-5.
Concentration changes of methanol in blood samples during
an experimentally induced alcohol hangover state.
Woo YS, Yoon SJ, Lee HK, Lee CU, Chae JH, Lee CT, Kim DJ.
Chuncheon National Hospital, Department of Psychiatry,
The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
http://www.cuk.ac.kr/eng/ sysop@...
Songsin Campus: 02-740-9714 Songsim Campus: 02-2164-4116
Songeui Campus: 02-2164-4114
http://www.cuk.ac.kr/eng/sub055.htm eight hospitals
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1394
" Absorbed formaldehyde can be oxidized to formate and carbon dioxide
or can be incorporated into biologic macromolecules. "
[ References include: Soffritti M, Belpoggi F, Lambertini L, Lauriola
M,
Padovani M, Maltoni C. 2002. Results of long-term experimental studies
on the carcinogenicity of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in rats. Ann
NY Acad Sci 982: 87-105.
Soffritti M, Maltoni C, Maffei F, Biagi R. 1989. Formaldehyde: an
experimental multipotential carcinogen. Toxicol Ind Health 5:699-730.
"
Morando Soffritti is a member of the Working Group. ]
http://www.ehponline.org/members/2005/7542/7542.html free full text
After a thorough discussion of the epidemiologic, experimental, and
other relevant data, the working group concluded that formaldehyde is
carcinogenic to humans, based on sufficient evidence in humans and in
experimental animals.
In the epidemiologic studies, there was sufficient evidence that
formaldehyde causes nasopharyngeal cancer, "strong but not sufficient"
evidence of leukemia, and limited evidence of sinonasal cancer.
The working group also concluded that 2-butoxyethanol and
1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol are not classifiable as to their
carcinogenicity to humans, each having limited evidence in
experimental animals and inadequate evidence in humans.
These three evaluations and the supporting data will be published as
Volume 88 of the IARC Monographs. PMID: 16140628
Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Sep; 113(9): 1205-8.
Meeting report: summary of IARC monographs on formaldehyde, 2-
butoxyethanol, and 1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol.
Cogliano VJ, Vincent James Cogliano
cogliano@...,
Grosse Y, Yann Grosse
grosse@...,
Baan RA, Robert A. Baan
baan@...,
Straif K, Kurt
straif@...,
Secretan MB, Marie Béatrice Secretan
secretan@...,
El Ghissassi F, Fatiha El Ghissassi
elghissassi@...,
Working Group for Volume 88.
IARC, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon CEDEX 08, France
Tel: +33 (0)4 72 73 84 85 - Fax: +33 (0)4 72 73 85 75
© IARC 2004 - All Rights Reserved
http://monographs.iarc.fr cie@...,
Monographs Recently Published
IARC Monographs Vol 88
Formaldehyde, 2-Butoxyethanol and 1-tert-Butoxypropan-2-ol
December 2006
478 pages
ISBN 92 832 1288 6
US$ 40
This volume re-evaluates the available evidence on the carcinogenic
potential of formaldehyde, a substance that is found in the workplace
and in the environment.
Formaldehyde is widely used in resins that bind wood products, pulp
and paper; in glasswool and rockwool insulation; in plastics and
coatings, textile finishing, chemical manufacture; and as a
disinfectant and preservative.
Also evaluated are two glycol ethers, 2-butoxyethanol and 1-tert-
butoxypropan-2-ol,
which are widely used as solvents in paints and paint thinners,
coatings, glass and surface cleaners, inks, adhesives, personal-care
products, and as chemical intermediates.
As for formaldehyde, there is sufficient evidence in epidemiological
studies for nasopharyngeal cancer, strong but not sufficient evidence
for leukaemia, and limited evidence for sinonasal cancer.
The extensive scientific database on the mechanisms by which
formaldehyde can induce nasal-tract cancer in humans is considered.
These data provide strong support for the empirical observation of
nasopharyngeal cancer in humans.
In contrast, the lack of information on possible mechanisms by which
formaldehyde might increase the risk for leukaemia in humans tempered
the interpretation of the epidemiological data on that cancer.
Although this volume focuses on a qualitative assessment of the
carcinogenic potential of formaldehyde, subsequent predictions of the
risks for nasopharyngeal cancer should consider pertinent information
on mechanisms of carcinogenesis, including genotoxicity and dose-
dependent cytoxicity.
A theme common to the three evaluations is the consideration of
mechanistic information to develop and evaluate hypotheses on the
sequence of steps that lead to the induction of tumours in
experimental animals.
The hypothesized mechanisms described provide an interesting set of
cases that range from a vast literature on respiratory tract tumours
in rats induced by the inhalation of formaldehyde to some more
tentative hypotheses on the various tumours observed in animals
following exposure to both glycol ethers.
Recurring issues were the criteria that characterize a rare tumour or
how to introduce additional information to resolve difficult
questions; for example, how to consider the results of historical
controls.
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
An international, interdisciplinary working group of expert scientists
met in June 2004 to develop IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the
Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans (IARC Monographs) on
formaldehyde, 2-butoxyethanol, and 1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol.
Each IARC Monograph includes a critical review of the pertinent
scientific literature and an evaluation of an agent's potential to
cause cancer in humans.
Key words: 1-tert-butoxy-2-propanol, 2-butoxyethanol, carcinogen,
formaldehyde, glycol ethers, hazard identification, IARC Monographs,
leukemia, nasopharyngeal cancer, sinonasal cancer. Environ Health
Perspect 113: 1205-1208 (2005) .
doi:10.1289/ehp.7542 available via
http://dx.doi.org/ [Online 12 May
2005]
Address correspondence to V.J. Cogliano, Carcinogen Identification and
Evaluation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours
Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon cedex 08, France.
33-4-72-73-84-76. fax 33-4-72-73-83-19
cogliano@...,
The Working Group for Volume 88 of the IARC Monographs includes:
Ulrich Andrae (Germany) ,
andrae@..., Dr. Ulrich Andrae, GSF-
Institut für Toxikologie,. Postfach 1129, D-85758 Neuherberg, Germany
Fax: 149-089-3187-3449 Sherwood Burge (UK),
Rajendra S Chhabra (USA) ,
http://dir.niehs.nih.gov/dirtob/chhabra.htm
chhabrar@..., General Toxicology Group, TOB, ETP, DIR
John Cocker (UK) , Health and Safety Laboratory, Buxton, UK
john.cocker@...,
David N Coggon (UK) , MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit at the
University of Southampton, UK
dnc@...,
Rory Conolly (USA) ,
Rconolly@..., Senior Research Biologist,
National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and
Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Paul Demers (Canada) ,
pdemers@..., Occupational Hygiene
Institute, University of British Columbia
David A Eastmond (USA) ,
david.eastmond@..., Enviromental
Toxicology
Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, CA 92521 (951)
827-4497 (Voice) (951) 827-3087 (Fax)
Elaine Faustman (USA) ,
faustman@..., Professor, Env. and
Occ. Health Sciences, Adjunct Professor, Evans School 206-685-2269
Victor J Feron (the Netherlands) , TNO Nutrition and Food Research
(retired), The Netherlands TNO-CIVO TOXICOLOGY AND NUTRITION INSTITUTE
Utrechtseweg 48 3704 HE Zeist The Netherlands (31)-3404 44 144
Michel Gérin (Canada, Chair) ,
gerinm@..., Departement de
medecine du travail et d'hygiene du milieu, Universite de Montreal,
Quebec, Canada.
Marcel Goldberg (France) ,
marcel.goldberg@...,
France -- National Institute of Health and Medical Research INSERM
Unite 88, HNSM 14 Rue de Val d'Osne F-94410 St. Maurice France [33]
1-451-83859 [33] 1-451-83889 Departement Sante Travail, Institut de
Veille Sanitaire, 12, rue du Val d'Osne, 94410 Saint Maurice, France
Bernard D Goldstein (USA) ,
bdgold@..., Director of the
Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute and Professor
and Chair of the Department of Environmental and Community Medicine at
UMDNJ - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. Dean's Office, University
of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, A624 Crabtree Hall,
130 DeSoto St., Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Roland C Grafström (Sweden) ,
roland.grafstrom@..., Roland C
Grafström, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet,
Box 210, S−17177 Stockholm, Sweden Telefax: +46-8−329402
Johnni Hansen (Denmark) ,
johnni@..., PhD, Senior researcher,
Danish Cancer Registry , Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish
Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Michael Hauptmann (USA) , The National Cancer Institute
Kathy Hughes (Canada) , Head, Existing Substances Section 1, Health
Canada,
Ted Junghans (USA) ,
tjunghans@..., Technical Resources
International, Inc., 6500 Rock Spring Drive, Suite 650, Bethesda, MD
20817, USA.
Dan Krewski (Canada) , MHA, MSc, PhD
dkrewski@..., Professor
Director, R. Samuel McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk
Assessment, Institute of Population Healt, 1 Stewart Street, Room 320,
Phone: (613) 562-5381 Fax: (613)562-5380
Steve Olin (USA) ,
solin@..., ILSI International Life Sciences
Institute
Martine Reynier (France) ,
martine.reynier@..., Mme Martine
REYNIER,
Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité (INRS), 30, rue Olivier
Noyer, 75680 Paris Cedex 14 (France) Tel : +33 (0)1 40 44 30 81 Fax :
+33 (0)1 40 44 30 54
Judith Shaham (Israel) ,
yshaham@..., Occupational Cancer
Department, National Institute of Occupational and Environmental
Health,
Raanana, Israel. MD, Occupational Cancer Unit, Occupational Health &
Rehabilitation Institute, P.O. Box 3, Raanana 43100, ISRAEL
Morando Soffritti (Italy) ,
crcfr@..., European Foundation of
Oncology and Environmental Sciences "B. Ramazzini", Cesare Maltoni
Cancer Research Center, Bologna, Italy
Leslie Stayner (USA) ,
lstayner@..., Division of Epidemiology and
Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public
Health (M/C 923), 1603 West Taylor Street, Room 971, Chicago, IL
60612. E-mail:
Patricia Stewart (USA) , National Food Safety and Toxicology Center,
165 Food Safety and Toxicology Building, Michigan State University,
East Lansing, MI 48824; fax (517) 432-2310
Douglas Wolf (USA) ,
wolf.doug@..., DVM, PhD, USEPA, (Toxicology)
We gratefully acknowledge the important contributions of the
administrative staff of the IARC Monographs: S. Egraz, M. Lézčre, J.
Mitchell, and E. Perez.
The IARC Monographs are supported, in part, by grants from the U.S.
National Cancer Institute, the European Commission, the U.S. National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.
The authors declare they have no competing financial interests.
Received 31 August 2004 ; accepted 12 May 2005.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1417
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1467
4 cases of aspartame-induced thrombocytopenia [ very low platelets in
blood ], HJ Roberts MD, Letter in Southern Medical Journal 2007 May:
100(5); 543: Murray 2007.08.25
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1468
Formaldehyde induced urticarial vasculitis in male medical student,
age 40, Michael Pellizzari, Gillian Marshman, Flinders U.,
Australasian J. Dermatol. 2007 Aug: Murray 2007.08.29
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1469
highly toxic formaldehyde, the cause of alcohol hangovers, is made by
the body from 100 mg doses of methanol from dark wines and liquors,
dimethyl dicarbonate, and aspartame: Murray 2007.08.31
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1470
new details on how formaldehyde and formic acid from methanol are
neurotoxic: Chun Lai Nie, Rong Giao He, et al, PLoS ONE 2(7): e629
2007.07.18 Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing: Murray 20097.09.01
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1457
aspartame bans, tis more an avalanche than a trend...: Rich Murray
2007.08.17
[ see also:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1458
ASDA, Wal-Mart's UK supermarket chain, bans artificial colors, trans
fats, MSG and aspartame, Marguerite Kelly, The Washington Post: Murray
2007.08.03 ]
So far, USA print and broadcast media are deaf, blind, and dumb,
regarding recent major bans of aspartame and MSG in the UK and EU.
The EU Parliament voted July 12 to ban artificial sweeteners
in newly born and infant foods.
On May 15 four huge UK supermarket chains announced bans
of aspartame and MSG, food dyes, and many additives
to protect kids from ADHD --
Sainsbury, Tesco, Marks & Spencer, and ASDA, a unit of WalMart.
May 31: Coca-Cola and the much larger Cargill Inc.,
after years of secret development, with 24 patents,
will soon sell rebiana (stevia) in drinks and food
in the many nations where it is approved as a sweetener --
for decades a major sweetener in Japan, China, Korea, Taiwan,
Thailand, Malasia, Saint Kitts, Nevis,
Brazil, Peru, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Israel,
and an approved supplement in USA, Australia, and Canada,
according to Wikipedia.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1454
recent research and news re aspartame and stevia: Murray 2007.08.16
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1395
Aspartame Controversy, in Wikipedia democratic
encyclopedia, 72 references (including AspartameNM # 864
and 1173 by Murray, brief fair summary of much more research:
Murray 2007.01.01
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1453
Souring on fake sugar (aspartame), Jennifer Couzin,
Science 2007.07.06: 4 page letter to FDA from 12 eminent
USA toxicologists re two Ramazzini Foundation
cancer studies 2007.06.25: Murray 2007.07.18
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNMmessage/1451
Artificial sweeteners (aspartame, sucralose) and coloring
agents will be banned from use in newly-born and baby foods,
the European Parliament decided: Latvia ban in schools 2006:
Murray 2007.07.12
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNMmessage/1437
stevia to be approved and cyclamates limited by
Food Standards Australia New Zealand:
JMC Geuns critiques of two recent stevia studies by Nunes:
Murray 2007.05.29
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1487
Sainsbury's supermarket chain in UK details its bans of aspartame,
sodium benzoate, and artificial flavourings and colours: Carol Key,
Customer Manager: Murray 2007.11.09
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1427
more from The Independent, UK, Martin Hickman, re ASDA
(unit of Wal-Mart Stores) and Marks & Spencer ban of
aspartame, MSG, artificial chemical additives and dyes
to prevent ADHD in kids: Murray 2007.05.16
http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/health_medical/article2548747.ece
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1426
ASDA (unit of Wal-Mart Stores WMT.N) and Marks & Spencer
will join Tesco and also Sainsbury to ban and limit
aspartame, MSG, artificial flavors dyes preservatives additives,
trans fats, salt "nasties" to protect kids from ADHD:
leading UK media: Murray 2007.05.15
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1438
Coca-Cola and Cargill Inc., after years of development,
with 24 patents, will soon sell rebiana (stevia)
in drinks and foods: Murray 2007.05.31
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNMmessage/1488
Coca-Cola, Cargill Inc., PureCircle global operations market stevia for
foods and drinks: Murray 2007.11.12
http://RMForAll.blogspot.com October 17, 2007
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/aspartameNM/message/1480
the tobacco industry violated the Racketeer Influenced Corrupt
Organizations Act RICO law to "defraud the public." with huge amounts
of false research to mislead people about its addictive toxin, Elisa K
Tong, Stanton A Glantz, Circulation 2007 Oct. 16: Murray 2007.10.17
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=PubMed search PubMed
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