stand up for my rights when I feel they are being violated.
clarify what has happened and why it has upset me.
get corrective action taken.
do hostile anger work-out on people (inappropriate) rather than on inanimate objects (appropriate).
What are the types of confrontations?
Angry confrontation: This is when I'm angry at someone and I reveal my anger to that person by words and/or actions. It is explosive. Examples: Saying, "You've really done it this time!'' while throwing objects down or slamming the door. or Telling another "Get out of here'' while physically pushing the person out of the way.
Assertive confrontation: This is when I stand up for my rights with a person who has ignored my rights. It is objective and non-accusatory. Examples: "I get frustrated when you ignore my offers of help.'' or "I was angry when I got passed over for that promotion.''
Direct confrontation: This is my clear, precise statement of the facts to a person whom I believe needs direction and guidance. I either want quality action taken or I want this person to do something for me. Examples: "John, please clean this place before I return.'' or "Mary, the way to get my attention is by writing a memo to me, not by skipping work.''
Indirect confrontation: This is a statement of concern I make to a group of people with no specific person pinpointed. The purpose is to let people know my feelings in a general way. No one gets singled out. Examples: "I want each of you to get behind my desire to improve our production.'' or "I am upset with the way some of you are acting around here.''
Accusation: This is a direct confrontation of a person regarding my belief that their behavior was upsetting or unacceptable. Examples: "You were the person who started the fight.'' or "Your use of sarcasm upsets the tone of our meeting.'' or "All those calls couldn't be business related.''
Ordering: This is my attempt to straighten some one out by giving directions that need to be followed to the letter. Examples: "To improve your performance you must work at least 30 minutes extra each night for the next month.'' or "Change your clothes immediately! Get that earring out of your ear! and wash your face!''
Blaming: This is similar to an accusation but it lays the total responsibility on another person for a problem that angers me. Examples: "Your careless playing caused us to lose the game.'' or "Your lack of interest in our relationship led to my having an affair.''
Belittling: When I'm displeased with someone's behavior I try to make them feel especially bad by severely criticizing their unacceptable behavior. Examples: "You are a sorry excuse for a human being.'' or "Your presentation was pitiful. Did you notice everyone yawning? They were all bored!''
Lecturing: When I really want to make a point I become grandiose and pompous. I give a person complete, rigid directions for what I feel is imperative. Examples: "The only way to cut a lawn is from left to right overlapping one inch between rows.'' or "The dining room table must be set exactly right, napkins folded so, chairs angled so.''
Scolding: If I am upset and disappointed with the behavior of a person, I can resort to a finger-pointing tirade to let that person know of my displeasure. Examples: "I'm tired of this. I'm in charge and you don't act like anything is important.'' or "Your grades in school are horrible! What have you been doing this semester? Daydreaming?''
Name calling: I am really upset, out of control, and at an irrational level of anger. I resort to shouting or angrily calling out names of disdain, displeasure, and disrespect. Examples: "You worthless bum! How dare you!'' or "Stupid idiot! Can't you see?''
Put downs: If a person has upset me and I want that person not only to squirm but to be equally upset, then I resort to a sarcastic put down, trying to make the person feel miserable and embarrassed. Examples: "Thank God we have `white out' around here. You will need a paint can of it for your work.'' or "What do you expect from a college graduate?''
How do people usually react to my inappropriate confrontations?
When I use:
Assertive confrontation, they recognize that I have hurt feelings, and that needs of mine have not been met. They know how they can correct the situation for me.
Angry confrontation, they usually react like they understand how I'm feeling. Their reaction to my anger depends on how they would react to any anger situation.
Direct confrontation, they realize what I am upset about and they either respond or ignore what I say
Indirect confrontation, they know what is bothering me but usually don't respond; they are never quite certain to whom it was directed.
Accusation, they usually become defensive and begin to protect themselves from my confrontation as if they had been attacked.
Ordering, they are offended by my authoritarian attitude and often react in a passive aggressive manner.
Blaming, they are hurt, offended, and are usually quick to defend themselves.
Belittling, they are usually so befuddled, dismayed, and feeling insignificant and devalued that they retreat from me with lowered self-esteem.
Lecturing, they usually ignore me and what I am telling them because I come across too strong, too autocratic, and unbending.
Scolding, they feel like they are being treated with disrespect, a lack of understanding, and often turn away from me instead of correcting their behavior as I've demanded they do.
Name calling, they are upset by the cursing, negative attitude, and rage. They back off from, avoid, and ignore me.
Put downs, they are extremely put off by my sarcasm and cynicism. They are incensed and either ignore me and avoid future contacts with me or fight back with vigor.
What irrational thinking results in inappropriate confrontations?
Say whatever comes to mind; that's the way I do it.
Don't hold back anything.
It's not important how people react to what I say as long as I say what I am feeling.
I'll get an ulcer if I hold in my anger.
What's important is to feel my feelings and express them, no matter what others think or feel.
Always worrying how people react to what I say blocks me from standing up for myself.
I just can't control myself when I get angry.
It takes too much effort to try to think before I speak.
I'd rather be spontaneous than hold back from saying what I'm thinking.
If people get me angry they deserve what they get. They are just begging for it.
People deserve what I dish out after they deliberately get me angry.
Why show respect for those who don't respect me?
People don't respect me if I don't fight back and stick up for myself.
People who get me angry are worthless, poor examples of the human race.
If I don't react right away I'll never settle things.
It's better to make a show of power to prevent people from overtaking me.
I've been hurt badly in the past; I deserve to defend myself from future hurts, no matter what it takes.
I can't be held responsible for how people react to what I say to them.
People who get me angry know better. It's up to them to improve their behavior.
I've always blown up in anger. Why should I change now?
What style of confrontation is most effective?
The most productive confrontation I can use is direct, assertive, angry confrontation because it:
lets others know I'm angry and how I feel about the event which precipitated the confrontation.
identifies the rights I believe are being ignored.
directly addresses the person with whom I am angry; it leaves no room for misunderstanding just who is being addressed.
doesn't force anyone to become overly defensive, feel offended, or experience devaluing as a person.
doesn't put me into the role of an autocratic despot or irrational, raging fool.
shows respect to others and lets them know that I am angry with the behavior and not with the person.
describes the negative behavior rather than attacking the person.
is corrective-action oriented, not punitive.
elicits a direct response rather than a generalized one.
doesn't shut people down and make them want to run away; it allows for compromise and a ''win-win'' solution.
How do I conduct a direct, assertive, angry confrontation?
When someone or something gets me angry, I need to:
First: Identify exactly what gets me angry. What do I feel is a violation of my rights? Which rights have been violated? Example: I'm ignored by the leader of our group, and this affects my right to be heard.
Second: Identify the behavior that is so upsetting. Why do I feel the way I do. Example: The leader acting all knowing.
Third: Tell the person directly how the behavior makes me feel by using an ''I'' statement, like: When you did (the behavior) it made me angry (or other feeling). Example: When you ignored my input last night and you were acting like a know-it-all I was angry, hurt, and upset.
Fourth: Once I've given my "I'' statement, I can describe corrective action, like: in the future when you feel like (describe person's feelings) then you have my permission to take the following action: (describe it.) I think that's fair. Example: In the future if you feel my input is irrelevant, you have permission to tell me and ask me to explain myself.
Fifth: Once I've secured corrective action for the confrontation, I give the person permission to "call me on it'' if I continue to dwell on this episode anytime I get angry in the future. Example: If I bring up this episode again, please remind me of our agreement.
Sixth: Finally I do healthy anger work-out until I have exhausted my anger over this episode and those involved. This is done in private with an inanimate object.
Steps to improving my use of confrontation
Step 1: I first need to assess my feelings about confrontation. I need to answer these questions in my journal:
A. Do I use confrontation when I am angry?
B. What type of confrontation do I use?
C. What is the typical response to my confrontation?
D. How successful is my use of confrontation?
E. How healthy are my confrontations?
F. Why do I resort to poor confrontation techniques when I am angry?
G. Do I have time when I get angry to prepare my confrontation and be sure it is healthy?
H. What irrational thinking blocks my use of confrontation?
I. What thinking leads me to the use of negative confrontation?
J. How can I correct this irrational thinking?
Step 2: I am now ready to explore a healthy model of direct, assertive, angry confrontation. To do this I need to analyze instances of anger from my past and re-script them for a healthy confrontation.
To analyze my anger sequences I will look at five incidents of anger during which I was unsuccessful. I'll use the steps in How do I conduct a direct, assertive, angry confrontation? to write new scripts and show how the situation could have been improved.
Step 3: Now that I have written five re-scripted confrontations, I need to practice the six-step confrontation model in current situations. I'll record my progress.
Step 4: If I am still having problems with confrontation I need to return to Step 1 and begin again.
hide my hostility by seeming to be nice to someone I dislike, and am unable to be honest with the person.
say I agree with something but don't follow through because I really don't agree with it.
act opposite to what others are expecting.
quietly manipulate to get my own way after voicing a completely different opinion, just to keep the peace.
seek revenge by agreeing and looking "good,'' but never following through on my promises.
tell people what they want to hear, even if I don't believe in what I am saying.
try to please people by agreeing to their plan of action, yet actually doing the opposite.
act one way, which is true to my inner feelings, yet say another.
am out of touch with my inner feelings; the only way to know how I feel about something is to observe my behavior, don't trust my words.
hate something or someone but am afraid of letting my true feelings show.
feel pressured to act or believe in a certain way when I really don't want to.
avoid conflict at all cost by giving in to others, then procrastinate and never do what I agreed to do.
am angry but afraid to show my anger, so I quietly take my revenge by doing the opposite.
What are the typical reactions to my passive aggressiveness?
When people recognize my passive aggressiveness they:
are surprised.
get disappointed.
get angry.
are confused by my behavior.
confront me on my actions.
realize that I lied to them.
get frustrated by the inconsistency in my behavior.
begin to do battle with me, resulting in a conflict greater than the one I originally tried to avoid.
get upset and fly into a rage and this damages the relationship.
no longer trust me.
resent me for being dishonest.
act in a similar way with me and our communication winds up at a standstill where neither of us "wins.''
feel challenged by me and in their competitive reaction become more adamant in seeking to achieve what I had originally verbally agreed to with them.
What irrational thinking keeps me being passive aggressive when I disagree with others?
I must avoid an argument, fight or conflict at all costs.
I never "win'' in confrontation.
There is no use in opposing them, they are much more powerful than I am.
I must please people by telling them what they want to hear.
I never get anywhere by showing my anger openly.
It's bad to get angry.
No one wants to know how I feel.
No one will understand how I feel.
My problems are unique; I need to hide them since no one would understand.
I am a loser and failure anyway; why try to defend my position?
I will never "win'' in this situation; why try?
I enjoy seeing people get blown away by my agreeing with them and then my doing the opposite of what I agreed to do.
I'd rather back down right away to minimize the damages a fight could bring rather than tell people how I really feel about things.
It's so hard to be honest with people about how I feel when what I feel is counter to what they want me to feel.
It's important for people to like and accept me and I say anything just so long as they like me.
It's not what I do or how I act that is important to people, it is what I say that influences them.
People will never know I'm angry and disagree with them.
I hide my feelings well from others.
Feelings don't count. It is better to deny my feelings than upset another person I am in disagreement with.
I'd rather lie than get into an argument with someone.
If I lie about how I feel, others will never know the truth.
How can I recognize when someone is being passive aggressive with me?
I can tell that people are being passive aggressive with me when they:
always agree with my point of view, even when I am being narrow minded or blind to other alternatives.
never disagree or argue with my point of view.
take every opportunity to "put me down'' in a humorous or sarcastic way.
never confront me with their negative feelings.
avoid discussions about unpleasant topics.
are always cheerful and upbeat to my face; yet I hear from others how negative they are about me behind my back.
"yes'' me constantly never disagreeing with anything I say.
consistently do the opposite of what I thought they agreed to do.
withdraw or pull away from me whenever I confront them with my anger or negative feelings about them.
deny that they have any problems with our relationship.
talk about others in a negative or disparaging way, yet are nice and friendly to their faces.
demonstrate behavior inconsistent with their words.
make me feel foolish for expecting one thing from them when they deliver the opposite.
make me believe I can count on them to do something for me but they never follow through.
talk with fantasy and magical thinking about how they are going to change, yet the change never occurs.
show a consistent pattern of exerting no effort toward improving our relationship.
talk or act irrationally in dealing with a problem, as if it were very easy to overcome and correct.
minimize the extent of the problems facing us in our relationship.
tend to patronize me and try to make me believe that I am just imagining problems between us.
continue to deny that a problem exists when all the evidence points to the opposite.
How can I confront a passive aggressive person?
If others are being passive aggressive with me I can:
point out the behavior that indicates passive aggressiveness on their part.
point out the inconsistency between their words and actions.
pay attention to their actions rather than their words, then give them feedback as to what their actions tell me about their feelings.
ask for their true feelings reassuring them that there are no right or wrong feelings, and that it is OK to share negative feelings.
ask them what has them so intimidated that they fear sharing their feelings with me.
reassure them that we can reach a "win-win'' solution in our communication if we are willing to compromise.
defuse the competition in our relationship. It doesn't matter "what'' we are discussing as long as we respect how each of us "feels'' about what we are discussing.
remain open to any negative feelings they have and let them know this.
begin to trust what they "do'' rather than what they "say'' and let them know that I am doing this.
make myself more accessible to them.
help them lessen their fear of rejection from me by reassuring them that I really do care.
If I find myself being passive aggressive, how can I correct this?
To avoid being passive aggressive with others I can:
try to be assertive, open, and honest with my negative feelings or anger.
warn people to "read'' my behavior rather than my words if they want to know my feelings.
confront myself with my inconsistent behavior and challenge myself to explain it.
take the risk to confront my anger assertively and "on the spot'' so that I can bring my behavior in line with my feelings.
work at making my behavior consistent with my feelings.
change the way I interact with people and make my relationships more honest.
admit that I have been a liar.
work at being more honest with people even if it results in a conflict.
identify the irrational thinking that prevents me from confronting people when I am angry.
learn how to become assertive with my negative feelings.
accept that it is OK to have conflict and disagreement.
learn to compromise and come to a ''win-win'' solution.
Why is it useful to eliminate my acting passive aggressive?
By eliminating passive aggressiveness when I am angry I could:
have deeper, more honest, and longer lasting relationships.
feel less stress, anxiety and depression in my dealings with others.
learn to be clear and consistent about my feelings.
reassure others that they will no longer have to guess how I "really feel.''
stop resorting to lies about my feelings.
develop self-respect, self-confidence, self-esteem, and self-worth.
have more energy because I would no longer be defending myself from ''powerful, intimidating'' people.
have clarity of focus and purpose, working on the things I want rather than what others want for me.
have fewer people venting their rage on me.
experience a sense of harmony in my life.
Steps to eliminating being passive aggressive
Step 1: First, I must begin to recognize this behavior when it occurs. To do this, I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. What is my usual response when I disagree with someone who intimidates me?
B. How do I feel when I am angry or upset with someone who intimidates me?
C. How often do I agree with these people rather than confront them just to avoid conflict?
D. What benefits do I derive by avoiding confrontation?
E. What are my feelings after I have backed down from someone who intimidates me?
F. From whom have I backed down? How successful was this? How often did I go ahead with what I had planned, ignoring what these people wanted me to do? What usually resulted from my failure to follow through with my part of the plan?
G. What do I do now after I've backed down from a disagreement? Am I still passive aggressive? How can I tell? What are the results? How often does this happen?
H. Under what circumstances do I resort to passive aggressiveness?
I. What is involved in these situations? Why do I resort to passive aggressiveness?
J. What are the negative results of my passive aggressiveness?
Step 2: If I find that I am resorting to passive aggressiveness, then I need help to recognize the negative impact it has in my life. To do this I will record the following exercise in my journal.
My Passive Aggressive Ways
Write a story about five separate incidents during which I acted passive aggressive. In each story, detail:
When it happened.
With whom it happened.
What I was angry about or over what we disagreed.
Why I was intimidated.
What I did later to show I was being passive aggressive.
The reasons I acted the way I did.
How others reacted to my passive aggressive behaviors.
How others confronted me on how I was acting.
What they told me about my behavior and how they felt about it.
The final outcome of the situation.
Step 3: I am now ready to confront my past passive aggressiveness and ways I could change it. Complete the following exercise:
The Other Side of the Story
Write a sequel to each of the five stories from Step 2. In each sequel include:
What I did differently when I first recognized that I was angry or had negative feelings.
How I honestly confronted my feelings as being different from my behavior.
How I made sure that my actions were consistent with my expressed feelings.
How I gave others permission to "call me on it'' if I deviated from my expressed feelings.
How others handle my being assertive with my anger and/or negative feelings.
How we resolved the conflict or disagreement that resulted.
The impact this confrontation had on our relationship.
How the stress and anxiety of intimidation and power games was eliminated from our relationship.
How I felt about learning to handle my anger and/or disagreements in a healthy way.
The benefits of my being direct and assertive in confronting my anger and/or negative feelings with others.
Step 4: Once I've been able to rewrite my passive aggressive behavioral script, I need to apply it. Whenever I am angry or in disagreement with someone, I will strive to follow these tips:
Tips to Overcoming being Passive Aggressive
Tip 1: Tell the person immediately how I am feeling, even if I am angry or in disagreement.
Tip 2: Allow the other to express feelings openly as well.
Tip 3: Ask the other to allow for a compromise ''win win'' solution.
Tip 4: Ventilate feelings, then jointly brainstorm solutions.
Tip 5: Arrive at a solution in which we both "win.''
Tip 6: Act on solutions in which we both "win.".
Tip 7: Make sure my actions are consistent with the agreement.
Tip 8: Make sure my behavior is consistent with my feelings and what I said in the agreement.
Tip 9: Give the other person permission to point out when my behavior deviates from our agreement.
Tip 10: Monitor my emotions and renegotiate our solution if they aren't consistent with our compromise.
Tip 11: Let the other know if I get upset over the compromise with no masking of my feelings.
Tip 12: Confront intimidation openly and honestly.
Tip 13: Ensure that our relationship is based on honesty.
Tip 14: Accept the uniqueness and individuality of others, allowing each of us to be ourselves.
Step 5: If I find I am still resorting to passive aggressiveness then I need to return to Step 1, and begin again.
are violations of my rights and of major consequence to me. are violations of my rights, but to a lesser degree and of minor consequence to me.
are often done by those close to me, i.e., members of my family, my co-workers, friends or neighbors. are usually done by those not in a less significant relationship with me, i.e., clerks, taxi drivers, waitresses, customers. have their roots in old scripts, past feelings of hurt and rejection. arise on the spur of the moment, spontaneously.
require that I be assertive, often requiring repeated efforts at self-assertion. are acts that are best handled by being assertive on the spot. are things that I've tried to ignore, but they don't go away; they take a great deal of my energy and effort to resolve. are uncomfortable, but can be handled with a minor amount of energy and effort. are often the result of the frustrations of facing chronic irritations. are often others' habits that happen to grate on my nerves. arouse my emotions regardless of my mood and these violations cannot be ignored. are more a result of my of my mood; i.e., today I might not be bothered, but tomorrow, if I'm tired, hungry, or depressed, I might get upset.
Irritation Self Assessment
I will read the following list of irritations and rate each one on the following scale from 1 to 5 as to its impact on my life.
1 = no irritation
2 = mild irritation
3 = moderate irritation
4 = marked irritation
5 = severe irritation
1 2 3 4 5 ( 1) Waitress gets my order mixed up.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 2) Co-worker comes to work late without calling.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 3) Bus or taxi passes me as I try to call or wave it down.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 4) People are talking behind me in a movie.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 5) People are smoking in a non-smoking section.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 6) Waiting in a long line as people try to push ahead of me.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 7) An airplane, train, or bus connection is missed.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 8) A client is late for an appointment without calling.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 9) An event begins between 15 and 30 minutes late.
1 2 3 4 5 (10) An event begins between 30 and 60 minutes late.
1 2 3 4 5 (11) An event begins more than one hour late.
1 2 3 4 5 (12) I wait and wait for a clerk to assist me.
1 2 3 4 5 (13) I have to wait in my doctor's office more than 30 minutes past the time of my appointment.
1 2 3 4 5 (14) People are making noise outside of the room where I am trying to sleep.
1 2 3 4 5 (15) An airline loses my luggage.
1 2 3 4 5 (16) The weather is lousy on my vacation.
1 2 3 4 5 (17) The sun isn't shining.
1 2 3 4 5 (18) It is raining.
1 2 3 4 5 (19) A store is sold out of an item I wanted to buy.
1 2 3 4 5 (20) A pushy salesman is urging me to buy something.
1 2 3 4 5 (21) Someone nags me to stop a behavior I enjoy.
1 2 3 4 5 (22) I misplace my keys and can't get into my car, house, or office.
1 2 3 4 5 (23) Someone cuts me off in traffic.
1 2 3 4 5 (24) Someone in traffic calls me a name.
1 2 3 4 5 (25) I get an unsolicited phone call from a salesperson.
1 2 3 4 5 (26) My mail box is loaded with junk mail.
1 2 3 4 5 (27) I arrive somewhere and I find it closed.
1 2 3 4 5 (28) I am put on hold when calling someone on the phone.
1 2 3 4 5 (29) I get a crank call after I have gone to sleep.
1 2 3 4 5 (30) Someone is making loud eating noises.
1 2 3 4 5 (38) I lose something worth less than $5.
1 2 3 4 5 (39) I lose something worth $5 to $20.
1 2 3 4 5 (40) I lose something worth more than $20.
1 2 3 4 5 (41) People don't recognize me even though I've been introduced to them before.
1 2 3 4 5 (42) When I've raised my hand to be recognized and a person doesn't call on me.
1 2 3 4 5 (43) When a public speaker cannot be heard.
1 2 3 4 5 (44) When a clerk, or waiter, treats me crudely, or disinterested.
1 2 3 4 5 (45) When someone doesn't laugh at my joke.
1 2 3 4 5 (46) When I get lost in a "new'' place, because of poor directions I've been given.
1 2 3 4 5 (47) When I have to repeat what I have just said.
1 2 3 4 5 (48) When a menu lists no prices.
1 2 3 4 5 (49) When I can't understand the language a person is speaking to me.
1 2 3 4 5 (50) When someone dresses or acts in a way I find repulsive.
For the next ten items, fill in specific irritations for me and rate them:
1 2 3 4 5 (51)
1 2 3 4 5 (52)
1 2 3 4 5 (53)
1 2 3 4 5 (54)
1 2 3 4 5 (55)
1 2 3 4 5 (56)
1 2 3 4 5 (57)
1 2 3 4 5 (58)
1 2 3 4 5 (59)
1 2 3 4 5 (60)
How do I feel when I am faced with an irritation?
When irritated, I experience any or all of the following:
Peeved, anxious, panic stricken, amazed,
Upset, nervous, fuming, surprised,
Bothered, worried, embarrassed, despondent,
Frustrated, shaken up, stupid, vengeful,
Hostile, ''ticked'' off, betrayed, dismayed,
Agitated, angry, undesirable, disconcerted,
Uncomfortable, explosive, ignored, flustered,
Upset, befuddled, confused, cynical,
Disbelieving
What do I usually do when I am faced with an irritation?
When irritated, I do any or all of the following:
take the blame
overreact
yell or scream
do a slow burn
leave or storm out
take charge
demand attention
blame others
make excuses
deny it
ignore it
ask others to handle it
pretend it didn't happen
worry about it
ask for help to deal with it
take action to resolve it
Why do I avoid direct action in handling irritations?
I usually don't take direct action when I:
am embarrassed to admit that I'm irritated.
don't want to embarrass those causing the irritation.
feel it would be better to drop it; make no big deal over it.
fear an argument or a fight will come of it.
fear confrontation.
believe I deserve what happened.
believe that it was my fault.
am out of touch with my feelings.
can't decide how I should feel: angry or compassionate.
am busy ''looking good'' for others.
become confused and can no longer think clearly.
experience a shut-down of creative juices.
cannot rapidly problem-solve myself out of the situation.
Why do I overreact to irritations?
I overreact to an irritation when I:
have been irritated by this same thing so many times. Can't anyone ever learn?
misread the situation and take it personally.
am in a bad mood, either exhausted, overworked, or depressed, and feeling sorry for myself.
have had it; this is just one too many irritations for one day.
want to get revenge for the negative attitude of those involved.
am reminded by the person involved of someone whom I despise.
displace my anger on the irritating person instead of finding the real culprit.
feel that my requests to stop this behavior have gone ignored.
initially reacted passively, then realized how I am being taken advantage of.
feel confused and out of control.
begin to feel that this irritation is part of a plot to drive me crazy, or make me fail, or lose.
What irrational thinking is involved in my response to irritations?
For no reaction to irritations:
I must always look good to others.
It is bad to take my anger out on others.
What would others think if I got mad?
There is no sense in getting upset.
Why let a little thing like this get to me?
It doesn't pay to let others know when their behavior bothers me.
I always end up a loser when I let others know what irritates me.
It is important for people to see me as ''free and easy'' and ''laid back.''
No one cares how I feel anyway.
What good does it do to let others know my reactions? If I show my feelings about this, then they will always know how to get to me.
For overreaction to irritations:
Everyone is out to get me.
Little things add up to big problems.
I have always been taken advantage of in my life.
Why can't I be a winner at least once.
It is more important to ventilate my anger than to get an ulcer.
It doesn't matter who gets the brunt of my anger as long as I feel good afterwards.
I'll never allow anyone to ''put one over'' on me.
I have to be on the alert; I might be taken advantage of again.
No one will ever irritate me like that again.
Things like this have a way of messing up my life.
Actions I can take to handle irritations in the future
First: Specify the problem
1. Identify exactly when I get irritated.
2. Identify the feelings I experience.
3. Identify the behavior or circumstance that creates irritation for me.
4. Identify what in my past history is similar to this experience.
5. Identify each element of the irritation. Am I:
out of control
embarrassed
experiencing a time delay
overwhelmed
confused
being seen as stupid or dumb
experiencing a violation of my rights
being ignored
being devalued
feeling over powered
6. How much power have I given this situation? Does it affect my thinking? Emotions? Behaviors?
7. What it is about the situation, those involved, and the circumstances that I give them so much ''power'' over me.
8. What irrational thinking am I going through as I try to deal with the irritation?
Second: Defuse the moment
1. Slow down in my responses. Take time to complete the problem analysis above before I react.
2. Ventilate my anger, either on my own in my head, or in a place away from the cause of the irritation. Allow myself to experience the anger ventilation. Try not to ventilate it on another person. Don't be explosive.
3. Script an assertive response to the irritation. Let others know I am angry, hurt, or offended by their behavior. List the corrective action I would like to see happen.
Third: Take assertive action
1. Once I have exhausted my explosive anger, temper, and emotional response, I am ready to confront the source of my irritation in an assertive style. I would then:
Openly state that:
I am upset or angry because:
You did:
or This happened:
and I feel that I deserve better than this
so Please do the following to correct the situation:
2. Address the source of irritation openly with clarity of speech and expression.
3. Admit my humanness in that I am fallible and subject to negative emotions when things don't go the ''way they are supposed to.''
4. Invite the source of the irritation to brainstorm solutions with me. Decide on a ''win-win'' solution.
5. Take control of my reactions so that the source of irritation is not given the power to intimidate, bully, or threaten me so that I eventually back down from resolving the irritating circumstance.
6. Give myself permission to pursue the confrontation until I feel resolution and closure.
Fourth: Take action again
Once I've confronted an irritation openly I will:
be able to handle similar irritations in the future.
believe in my power to control my response to irritations.
face irritations assertively, better prepared to deal with negative situations.
rehearse and visualize myself being successful in handling irritation in the future.
continue anger work-outs to openly ventilate my anger in a healthy way and defuse future irritation.
Steps to overcome irritations
Step 1: I first need to clarify how irritations differ from those things that truly anger me. I will respond to the following in my journal:
A. What do I believe is the difference between those things that irritate me and those that truly anger me?
B. How is my behavior different when I am irritated than when I am angry? Is there a difference?
C. How are my feelings different when I am irritated than when I am angry?
D. What do I do differently when I'm irritated than when I am angry?
E. What signs point to irritation rather than anger for me?
Step 2: Once I've differentiated my anger from irritation, I need to identify and rate the intensity of the irritations in my life by completing the Irritation Self Assessment.
Step 3: For each of the irritations in the survey that I rated 3 or higher, I need to answer the following questions in my journal:
A. How do I normally react to this irritation?
B. How do I feel when this irritation arises?
C. What people are usually the source of this irritation?
D. When does this irritation usually arise?
E. Where does this irritation usually arise?
F. What are my reasons and irrational beliefs that account for (1) my taking no action and/or having no reaction, or (2) my overreacting to this irritation?
Step 4: For each of the irritations in the survey that I rated 3 or higher, I need to apply the Actions I can take to handle irritations in the future.
Step 5: After I've worked out the healthy steps to handling irritations for each one I've identified, if I am still unable to handle these, I need to return to Step 1, and begin again.
A Self Assessment Instrument on Self-Destructive Responses to Anger
I engage in the following self-destructive responses, which increase in frequency based on my level of anger. I need to rate each response by circling the degree to which it is true for me.
1 = never true for me
2 = rarely true for me
3 = sometimes true for me
4 = often true for me
5 = almost always true for me
1 2 3 4 5 ( 1) overuse of alcohol
1 2 3 4 5 ( 2) overuse of nonprescription drugs
1 2 3 4 5 ( 3) overuse of prescription drugs
1 2 3 4 5 ( 4) shoplifting
1 2 3 4 5 ( 5) petty theft from my employer
1 2 3 4 5 ( 6) illegal acts of revenge on my enemies
1 2 3 4 5 ( 7) compulsive gambling
1 2 3 4 5 ( 8) compulsive overeating or binging
1 2 3 4 5 ( 9) binging and purging
1 2 3 4 5 ( 10) anorexia
1 2 3 4 5 ( 11) compulsive exercising
1 2 3 4 5 ( 12) compulsive shopping
1 2 3 4 5 ( 13) overuse of credit cards
1 2 3 4 5 ( 14) compulsive drive to acquire material goods
1 2 3 4 5 ( 15) putting myself down in public
1 2 3 4 5 ( 16) setting myself up for failure
1 2 3 4 5 ( 17) unwillingness to play the political survival game on the job
1 2 3 4 5 ( 18) ignoring authority directives
1 2 3 4 5 ( 19) direct disobedience of authority directives
1 2 3 4 5 ( 20) insubordination on the job
1 2 3 4 5 ( 21) arriving late to work or school
1 2 3 4 5 ( 22) excessive absenteeism
1 2 3 4 5 ( 23) playing hooky or skipping required work and/or functions
1 2 3 4 5 ( 24) ignoring personal hygiene
1 2 3 4 5 ( 25) dressing in such a way as to hide my beauty or sexuality
1 2 3 4 5 ( 26) jumping to negative assumptions about motives when people show an interest in me
1 2 3 4 5 ( 27) feeling like a loser even when I wasn't
1 2 3 4 5 ( 28) ignoring the "yes'' messages in my life
1 2 3 4 5 ( 29) workaholism
1 2 3 4 5 ( 30) compulsive need for recognition or approval
1 2 3 4 5 ( 31) need for perfection
1 2 3 4 5 ( 32) compulsive need to look good
1 2 3 4 5 ( 33) fear of taking a risk
1 2 3 4 5 ( 34) unwilling to take a stand
1 2 3 4 5 ( 35) keeping silent; not letting others know how I feel
1 2 3 4 5 ( 36) compulsive sexual acting out
1 2 3 4 5 ( 37) excessive masturbation
1 2 3 4 5 ( 38) participation in aberrant sexual practices
1 2 3 4 5 ( 39) self-pity parties
1 2 3 4 5 ( 40) constant focusing on how awful my life has turned out
1 2 3 4 5 ( 41) inability to find my "pony'' in anything, i.e., chronic pessimism
1 2 3 4 5 ( 42) arguments or fights with people
1 2 3 4 5 ( 43) complaining
1 2 3 4 5 ( 44) holding a grudge; the desire for revenge
1 2 3 4 5 ( 45) having a chip on my shoulder
1 2 3 4 5 ( 46) being overly sensitive to the remarks of others
1 2 3 4 5 ( 47) excessive cleanliness or tidiness
1 2 3 4 5 ( 48) chronic nagging
1 2 3 4 5 ( 49) exaggerated task oriented behavior rather than people oriented
1 2 3 4 5 ( 50) never giving people a chance to be my support
A Self Assessment Instrument on Self-Destructive Responses to Anger - Part 2
I engage in the following self-destructive responses, which increase in frequency based on my level of anger. I need to rate each response by circling the degree to which it is true for me.
1 = never true for me
2 = rarely true for me
3 = sometimes true for me
4 = often true for me
5 = almost always true for me
1 2 3 4 5 ( 51) being a loner
1 2 3 4 5 ( 52) playing it safe when I am with people
1 2 3 4 5 ( 53) avoiding any chance of rejection
1 2 3 4 5 ( 54) rejecting others before they reject me
1 2 3 4 5 ( 55) excessive need for excitement
1 2 3 4 5 ( 56) ''management by crisis'' approach to life
1 2 3 4 5 ( 57) setting up situations to ensure a constant state of crisis
1 2 3 4 5 ( 58) need for the adrenalin ''rush'' I get when solving ''big'' problems
1 2 3 4 5 ( 59) lack of time management skills
1 2 3 4 5 ( 60) procrastination
1 2 3 4 5 ( 61) lack of preventive orientation
1 2 3 4 5 ( 62) holding onto denial of my problems
1 2 3 4 5 ( 63) unwillingness for change to occur
1 2 3 4 5 ( 64) lack of honesty about who I am and how I feel
1 2 3 4 5 ( 65) preferring to lie than the hard work of being honest
1 2 3 4 5 ( 66) unwillingness to trust anyone
1 2 3 4 5 ( 67) close minded to new ideas
1 2 3 4 5 ( 68) obstinate holding on to "the way it was always done'' or 'the way it was''
1 2 3 4 5 ( 69) daydreaming or escaping into fantasy
1 2 3 4 5 ( 70) diverting attention from the issues at hand that need to be dealt with
1 2 3 4 5 ( 71) wearing masks to hide my feelings
1 2 3 4 5 ( 72) ignoring what's good for me and what I need
1 2 3 4 5 ( 73) not applying myself on the job, at home, or in my personal life
1 2 3 4 5 ( 74) giving others the power to intimidate me
1 2 3 4 5 ( 75) unwilling to defend my rights assertively
1 2 3 4 5 ( 76) excessive TV watching
1 2 3 4 5 ( 77) excessive sleeping or napping
1 2 3 4 5 ( 78) excessive involvement in time demanding activities, activities that help me avoid the realities of life
1 2 3 4 5 ( 87) engaging in risky or dangerous activities
1 2 3 4 5 ( 88) having suicidal thoughts
1 2 3 4 5 ( 89) acting on suicidal impulses
1 2 3 4 5 ( 90) ignoring the warning signs or symptoms of an illness and not getting proper medical attention
1 2 3 4 5 ( 91) inflicting injury and pain on myself
1 2 3 4 5 ( 92) encouraging or allowing others to abuse me physically, emotionally, verbally, or sexually
1 2 3 4 5 ( 93) not defending myself in the face of a violent attack
1 2 3 4 5 ( 94) lying about my skills or competence in order to get ahead
1 2 3 4 5 ( 95) ignoring my feelings in a relationship
1 2 3 4 5 ( 96) sacrificing myself for the sake of others
1 2 3 4 5 ( 97) allowing others to take advantage of me
1 2 3 4 5 ( 98) putting others first, myself last
1 2 3 4 5 ( 99) allowing myself to be the victim
1 2 3 4 5 (100) not working on my self-growth and self-esteem enhancement program for personal recovery and healing
What causes me to act self-destructively?
Reasons for my self-destructive behavior include two main areas: holding anger in and inappropriately expressing it.
When I hold my anger in instead of expressing it in a healthy way, I end up acting in self-destructive ways because I:
experience depression
become pessimistic
feel resentment
want to get revenge
end up with a chip on my shoulder
hold grudges
wear masks to hide my feelings
feel bitter and disappointed
feel powerless to get what I need
feel like giving up
When I act out my anger in rage or other impulsive ways, I end up acting in self-destructive ways because I feel:
guilty for my rage
remorse for hurting others
embarrassed by my behavior
disappointed in myself
like a loser or a failure
ignored and unwanted
repentant but un-forgiven for my actions
afraid to let my anger out again
like I should be punished in some way
that my life is not worth living
What are typical characteristics of a self-destructive response to anger?
When I have acted in a self-destructive way regarding anger it is:
almost always at a subconscious level; I'm unaware of the self-destructive nature of my behavior.
defeating my personal growth
a means of sabotaging my growth
often not clearly connected with the object(s) of my anger
something I would usually deny as a response to my anger
a behavior of mine about which I would rather lie than face honestly
often at the root of my resistance to mature change and growth
something I hold onto; I can't let go of it easily
based on my irrational thinking and belief system
often in direct opposition to the values I profess to uphold
a paradox that is hard for me to explain
a habit that has developed over time and is resistant to change
a behavior I saw in my parents and other members of my family of origin
often the behavior that ultimately led me to seek out professional help
something that reduces my self-esteem
What irrational thinking leads to my self-destructive anger responses?
I am a loser, a failure.
No matter what I do things will never change.
This behavior has nothing to do with the way I handle anger.
A little self-pity is just what the doctor ordered.
Being a little self-indulgent is healthy. Anyway it's just this one time.
My life is already a wreck; how could this hurt.
No one will ever like me, want me, or love me for myself.
Everyone is out to get me; I have to accept this fact.
No matter what I do it will never be "good'' enough.
I can't deal with that problem; I'm too ashamed to fact it.
It's better to stuff my anger; it's cosmetic and clean.
Don't bring up a problem from the past if it hurts too much to face it.
I've gone this long without dealing with it, so let sleeping dogs lie.
I'd rather stay to myself than be hurt again.
I have to do it all on my own or it won't be fully corrected.
Unless I can do it perfectly I won't do it at all.
I don't need people to help me with my problems.
It's better not to be too analytical with my own behavior; why create "new'' problems for myself.
What others call self-destructive, I refer to as "having fun.''
Everyone needs a little excess in life; we're only human.
Live life to the fullest and party hearty; life is too short not to enjoy it.
The only way to have fun is to let it all hang out.
No matter what I try, I can't stop those behaviors.
This behavior is what makes me unique, why change?
My behavior isn't "slow suicide,'' it's just variations on a life-style.
How else are you supposed to "blow off'' steam?
This behavior is painless, victimless, and doesn't cost a cent.
It's not like I murder people with my behavior.
What are the negative consequences of engaging in self-destructive anger responses?
When I resort to a self-destructive response to anger, I:
get stuck in my efforts to change and grow.
experience more pain and suffering.
find that my growth is diminished or lost.
find myself going backward rather than progressing in life.
feel irresponsible, flippant, and careless.
get confused by the differences between my beliefs and my behavior.
remain both mentally and physically ill.
am prone to a greater risk for panic attacks or other stress-induced illnesses.
find the direction of my life out of focus, with nothing is in place.
give power to people, places, and things.
resort to addictive or obsessive behavior.
revert to the old scripts, the old ways of dealing with anger in my family of origin.
find my anger does not dissipate.
Things I can do to rid myself of self-destructive responses to anger?
First: Identify each specific behavior, attitude, or feeling that is self-destructive.
Second: Try to identify the anger at the root of each self-destructive response.
Third: Define the anger at the root of each self-destructive response by listing in my journal:
the persons involved:
the events involved:
why it angers me:
how it affects me both then and now:
why this anger has so much power over me now:
what resentment, revenge, hatred, or rage is involved:
how I originally handled this anger:
why I haven't dealt completely with this anger yet:
what irrational thinking causes me to act this way:
what healthy responses to this anger could I substitute:
Fourth: Perform anger work-outs on each issue until I am able to let go of the anger, forgive those involved, and forget the events.
Fifth: Begin to extinguish each self-destructive behavior by:
asking my spouse, significant other, close family member, or close friend to help me stop this behavior.
asking for care and concern from the members of my support network.
joining a Twelve Step Program or some other peer-support self-help group addressed to the specific self-destructive issues with which you are dealing
Sixth: Develop a new set of behavior traits to replace the self-destructive responses to anger, including:
the use of assertive "I feel'' statements with people as soon as I feel anger starting.
the use of health oriented activities for anxiety, tension, and stress release, like physical exercise or progressive muscle relaxation
the use of an internal monitoring system to trigger an alarm when I slip into self-destructive behavior.
use of self-esteem enhancing behavior like self-affirmation, positive visual imagery, and self-hypnosis.
Steps to overcoming self-destructive responses to anger
Step 1: I need to identify each self-destructive behavior I use as a response to anger. To do this I will rate each of the one hundred behavior traits listed in A Self Assessment Instrument on Self-Destructive Responses to Anger as to how they impact my life.
Step 2: For every behavior to which I've given a rating of 3 or higher, I will use the steps outlined in Actions I can do to rid myself of self-destructive responses to anger?.
Step 3: Once I've completed Actions I can do to rid myself of self-destructive responses to anger? for each self-destructive behavior, I need to do a self-inventory to see if I've accomplished my goal.
Step 4: If after my self-inventory I find I'm still acting in self-destructive ways then I need to return to Step 1, and begin again.
I feel like I'm being ignored and I want people to listen to me.
I lose control and burst out with my anger and bitterness.
something is said or done to me that brings up an angry feeling from the past.
I have tolerated pain too long.
I have kept my silence for too long and I finally explode.
have suffered silently, hoping that by not openly complaining things will change.
things don't change, I give up my silence, and let out my pent up feelings.
I have watched someone I care about deeply being unfairly treated for a long time.
I step in and try to speak up for someone and lose my control in the process.
What irrational thinking results in my fits of rage?
There is only one thing people will listen to and that is when I blow my top.
I've got to maintain my silence no matter what.
It's better to suffer silently.
Not complaining is a sign of character.
I'll do anything to get my way.
It's not what you do that counts but it's how you win.
Kill or be killed.
The best defense is a good offense.
I'd get an ulcer if I didn't let out my anger.
Everyone is out to get me.
No one cares how I feel.
No one understands me or my problem.
They all ignore me.
No one will ever take advantage of me again.
No one is going to get away with hurting me or anyone I care for.
Life sucks; you have to be constantly alert to defend yourself against it.
You never know the minute or the hour when you'll be taken advantage of.
No one ever listens to me unless I shout.
The squeaky wheel gets the grease.
It doesn't pay to suffer silently.
How can I prevent getting into fits of rage?
In order to avoid succumbing to a fit of rage I need to:
let people know assertively when my rights have been ignored.
show my anger assertively rather than stuffing it in and keeping silent.
perform ''anger work-out'' over things that angers me over which I have no control.
ventilate my anger a little at a time away from people.
give permission to those in my life to walk away from me when I get into a fit of rage.
not to get into my car when I feel like exploding and not explode on others.
time myself out in my room to do anger and rage work-out on inanimate objects and not on people
engage in more physical and strenuous exercise every day.
lessen the impact of my pent up anger and frustration.
write a letter of protest rather than explode in rage.
slow down and control my impulses.
recognize the irrational thinking that lies at the root of my rage.
replace this irrational thinking with appropriate rational alternatives.
honestly analyze the results of my fits of rage.
recognize that such fits either go ignored yet perceived as offensive, or else they intimidate others and are perceived as power plays, attempts to control others.
identify those "hot buttons'' that are likely to get me into a rage.
systematically defuse these anger "hot button" issues through anger work-out.
Steps to eliminate my fits of rage
Step 1: I first must identify my level of risk for getting into rage. To do this I will rate the following statements on a scale of 1 to 5 circling the number according to their impact on my life.
1 = never true
2 = sometimes true
3 = often true
4 = almost always true
5 = always true
1 2 3 4 5 ( 1) I react without thinking when I get angry.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 2) I get out of control when I get frustrated and angry.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 3) I strike or hit objects, walls, or people when I'm mad.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 4) I was abused physically, verbally, emotionally, or sexually by my parents or other significant others.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 5) I am known to be a violent acting person.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 6) Acting out in a fit of rage is the only way I ever saw anger expressed.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 7) My anger controls me rather than the opposite.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 8) I get an actual physical bodily response when I'm very anger.
1 2 3 4 5 ( 9) I want to kill someone, something, or myself when I'm out of control.
1 2 3 4 5 (10) I don't believe people listen to me unless I get angry, shout, and pound my fist.
1 2 3 4 5 (11) I want to run away or quit when I get angry.
1 2 3 4 5 (12) I have a hard time getting calmed down after I've been angry.
1 2 3 4 5 (13) I feel guilt and remorse after I have raged.
1 2 3 4 5 (14) I let people see the ''dark'' side of my personality when I get angry.
1 2 3 4 5 (15) I have several ''hot buttons'' which, when pushed, get me very upset rather quickly.
1 2 3 4 5 (16) I lose my ability to speak clearly and accurately when I get angry.
1 2 3 4 5 (17) I feel like I go crazy during a rage.
1 2 3 4 5 (18) I find that I continually fume silently about things that anger me. I never seem to find a release.
1 2 3 4 5 (19) I have a tendency to view life as unfair, especially to me.
1 2 3 4 5 (20) I frighten people with my show of anger.
1 2 3 4 5 (21) I try to keep a lid on my anger but when it rises to the surface I can no longer control it.
1 2 3 4 5 (22) I don't make the effort to do systematic anger work-out over what bothers me.
1 2 3 4 5 (23) I have no idea how deep my anger goes.
1 2 3 4 5 (24) I have a chip on my shoulder.
1 2 3 4 5 (25) I hold grudges against people.
1 2 3 4 5 (26) I only know one way to show my anger: to explode.
1 2 3 4 5 (27) I feel that my rights are continuously being ignored.
1 2 3 4 5 (28) I am overwhelmed by the unfairness of life.
1 2 3 4 5 (29) I don't believe that people listen to me.
1 2 3 4 5 (30) I feel like a loser in life.
1 2 3 4 5 (31) I feel like my anger is always at the surface ready to explode.
1 2 3 4 5 (32) I was extremely hurt in my past life, and I am often reminded of the pain.
1 2 3 4 5 (33) I have unresolved anger.
1 2 3 4 5 (34) I get upset when I see others being treated unfairly.
1 2 3 4 5 (35) I am embarrassed by the ways I show my anger.
____ My score
Add the ratings on each of thirty-five items above. Compare my score to the level of risk.
Score Interpretation
35-70 Mild risk of fits of rage
71-105 Moderate risk of fits of rage
106-140 Marked risk of fits of rage
141+ Severe risk of fits of rage
If I am at a mild risk I need to continue my attempts to prevent fits of rage.
If I am at a moderate risk I need to develop strategies to inhibit my rage when it erupts.
If I am at a marked risk I need to develop ways to overcome the negative impact of my rage and learn to redirect my anger.
If I am at a severe risk I am so out of control that I need to not only develop means to lessen the damage resulting from my rage, but I need to get help from the "support'' people in my life to develop ways to divert my uncontrolled anger.
Step 2: After determining my risk factor for rage, I need to clarify my feelings about my ''rage'' behavior. I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. What is my level of risk for rage? What does this say about how I deal with my anger?
B. What factors increase my level of risk?
C. How do the people in my life react during my fits of rage?
D. What are the negative consequences of these fits?
E. How do I explain my rage? Why do I have these fits?
F. What do I experience when I am in one of these fits?
G. What do others call my fits of rage? How does this make me feel?
H. Do I experience guilt after one of these fits? What do I do about these feelings? Do I deny or minimize their impact?
I. How does my initial silent withdrawal into anger tie into these fits of rage?
J. How do my blocks to anger fit into this scenario
K. How does my personal behavioral script relate to
L. Are there factors in my upbringing in my family of origin, to account for my fits of rage? List them
M. How was anger dealt with in my family of origin? Who in my family had similar fits of rage?
N. How do I react to others during their fits of rage with me?
Step 3: I now need to address my "hot button'' issues. I will review the following list of potential hot buttons and circle the rating for each according to its intensity for me.
1 = cool
2 = lukewarm to mildly warm
3 = warm to mild heat
4 = moderate to high heat
5 = scalding
Intensity of Heat Hot Button Issues
1 2 3 4 5 ( 1) injustice toward me or others
1 2 3 4 5 ( 2) having my ideas ignored
1 2 3 4 5 ( 3) feeling put down
1 2 3 4 5 ( 4) being laughed at or made fun of
1 2 3 4 5 ( 5) being misunderstood
1 2 3 4 5 ( 6) being left out, not chosen
1 2 3 4 5 ( 7) sensing unfairness to self or others
1 2 3 4 5 ( 8) feeling abused: real or implied; physical, emotional, verbal, or sexual
1 2 3 4 5 ( 9) sensing prejudice against me or my ideas
1 2 3 4 5 (10) people not following my directions
1 2 3 4 5 (11) people not doing as I requested
1 2 3 4 5 (12) not winning in competition
1 2 3 4 5 (13) feeling rejection
1 2 3 4 5 (14) feeling a lack of approval from others
1 2 3 4 5 (15) sensing that people don't respect me
1 2 3 4 5 (16) feeling that my opinion is not valued
1 2 3 4 5 (17) being considered stupid, incompetent, or ignorant
1 2 3 4 5 (18) being cheated
1 2 3 4 5 (19) being lied to
1 2 3 4 5 (20) being accused of something I didn't do
1 2 3 4 5 (21) seeing the fruits of my labor go unappreciated
1 2 3 4 5 (22) feeling like a failure or a loser
1 2 3 4 5 (23) finding out the truth about something I should have known; realizing that information was deliberately kept from me
1 2 3 4 5 (24) being caught off guard about the truth
1 2 3 4 5 (25) when others jump to negative assumptions about me
1 2 3 4 5 (26) when I'm not given a chance
1 2 3 4 5 (27) when my hard work and efforts are not rewarded and I get no back up
1 2 3 4 5 (28) recognizing that people less intelligent, less competent, and less creative than I have become more successful than I
1 2 3 4 5 (29) never being given a chance to "show my stuff'' or to succeed
1 2 3 4 5 (30) being called a name or labeled something offensive
1 2 3 4 5 (31) being reminded of my faults
1 2 3 4 5 (32) seeing my faults in others, especially my offspring or protege
1 2 3 4 5 (33) recognizing that I can't do something I want to do
1 2 3 4 5 (34) realizing that people are deliberately making things tough for me
1 2 3 4 5 (35) feeling intimidated
1 2 3 4 5 (36) feeling fat, dumb, and ugly
1 2 3 4 5 (37) being unable to connect with someone
1 2 3 4 5 (38) recognizing that it is futile to continue to try
1 2 3 4 5 (39) realizing that the barriers I'm fighting against are overwhelming
1 2 3 4 5 (40) watching people turn away from me
For items 41 to 50 fill in "hot button'' items specific to me. Rate the intensity of their heat for me:
1 2 3 4 5 (41)
1 2 3 4 5 (42)
1 2 3 4 5 (43)
1 2 3 4 5 (44)
1 2 3 4 5 (45)
1 2 3 4 5 (46)
1 2 3 4 5 (47)
1 2 3 4 5 (48)
1 2 3 4 5 (49)
1 2 3 4 5 (50)
Step 4: For each of the hot button issues with a rating of 3 or higher, I need to separately complete the following "hot button detonator'' activity:
A. To detonate a hot button I must:
(1) clarify its ability to set me off into a rage.
(2) clarify how this hot button influences other hot buttons that set me off.
(3) clarify the factors that contribute to this issue being a hot button.
(4) identify the unresolved anger that underlies this issue.
(5) identify those in my family of origin or past life who have contributed to the intensity of this hot button
B. Perform daily anger work-outs on the unresolved anger concerning this specific hot button.
C. Inform the support people in my life of this hot button and give them permission to intervene when they see it has been pushed.
D. Work on my self-love, sense of self-esteem, self confidence, and inner security to diminish the importance of this hot button in my life.
E. Take each hot button issue and write a positive visual imagery where I no longer feel the heat.
F. Write a description of each hot button issue and take the papers to support group meetings. As each issue is detonated, I'll put the hot button description in a bonfire and enjoy seeing it destroyed.
Step 5: Once I have detonated each of my hot buttons, if I still have fits of rage, I need to return to Step 1 and identify what hot button led to the fit of rage, and then systematically detonate it. I need to detonate each hot button over and over until I have eliminated my fits of rage.
find it hard to forgive and forget past hurts/offenses.
try to get back at those who have mistreated me.
set up situations where those with whom I am angry get what I believe they have coming to them.
am reacting to real or imagined hurts/offenses I have received at the hands of others.
am acting vindictively - seeking just retribution for the wrongs I have suffered.
am unmerciful and insensitive.
act in a cool, distant, and unfriendly manner toward those I believe have mistreated me.
act sadistically to ensure that the offending parties feel hurt, pain, and misery similar to mine.
am spiteful toward my transgressors.
deliberately irritate or perturbed my ''enemies.''
have decided that I am a victim; those who have offended me are antagonists or enemies.
am prejudiced against my enemies.
give my enemies no chance to redeem themselves.
see life as a ''win or lose'' proposition and having ''lost'' to my enemies, I make sure that they lose.
want to see others suffer like I have.
get bloodthirsty. I get pleasure seeing my enemies in pain.
feel vindicated by my enemies suffering.
say biting and sarcastic things about my ''enemies.''
lack tolerance, compassion, or forgiveness.
resent what my ''enemies'' have done to me and seek to get ''even'' with them.
enjoy hearing that one of my ''enemies'' has suffered a personal disaster or defeat.
might spend excessive time in trying to ''get even.''
may never achieve a full sense of retribution or vindication.
hold on to old ''scripts'' and jump to the negative assumption that others are out to hurt me. I treat them in such a way that they regret their involvement with me since they are not the legitimate objects for my anger.
might displace my anger on people who are innocent.
end up hurting innocent bystanders, destroying any chance for a relationship.
concentrate on my suffering, building it up in my mind.
What are the feelings when seeking or achieving revenge?
Seeking revenge, I might feel:
Bitter, intolerant. Vicious, hard hearted,
Resentful, irate, vindictive, hateful,
Belligerent, mad, aggressive, spiteful,
Callous, malicious, antagonistic, cold,
Critical, mean, cruel, rebellious,
Furious, murderous, inconsiderate, ruthless
Achieving revenge I might feel:
Negative Feelings
guilt
disappointment
regret
remorse
unscrupulous
ill at ease
unfulfilled
embarrassed
unsatisfied
nervous
discontented
Positive Feelings
honest, irreproachable
satisfaction
gratification
self-satisfaction
reliable, sound
at peace
content
exhilarated
relieved
thrilled
excited
What are the pitfalls in seeking revenge?
When I try to seek revenge or to ''get even'':
there is the chance that I will never feel vindicated.
I might become so bitter that I become unappealing, a person no one wants around.
I might forget my original complaint, escalating my hate for years, creating a monster.
I might be filled with unresolved anger, never feeling content or completely at rest.
I end up hurting myself more than anyone else.
I may get confused about my negative, hostile behavior.
people might see me as having a ''chip on my shoulder.''
my plan might backfire on me and I end up getting hurt all over again with my antagonists getting off the hook.
there is the chance that I could develop a warped sense of justice.
I could become convinced that no matter how hard I try, I will always be a loser and my enemies will always get the best of me.
I might become obsessed with ''winning at any cost.''
I might lose all notion of what my goals and priorities are.
I might put more energy into getting revenge than getting on with my life.
I could generalize my anger and stereotype my enemies.
innocent others could suffer and be confused by my tactics.
I could become cold, distant, non-feeling.
I could seek revenge to the exclusion of my personal growth.
Why would I seek revenge?
My seeking revenge is based on:
seeing my parents function as role models of this behavior.
unresolved anger.
an inability to deal with the reality of life.
poor communication skills.
poor inter-relational skills.
feeling ignored or discounted by others.
my inability to admit that I've been wronged and get on with my life.
a lack of healthy options available to me in dealing with offensive behavior from others.
my sense of competition in relationships.
my need to be the ''winner'' in a relationship.
my inability to accept the fact that I will lose at times.
my inability to accept that relationships require compromise to be healthy.
my embarrassment at feeling foolish at the hands of another.
my inability to communicate with another person.
the fact that this was the only way I learned to handle conflict.
my need for control in relationships.
a lifetime of neglect, feeling ignored, misunderstood, unappreciated, unrecognized, or invisible.
my need to show others how wrong they were when they predicted I would never be good enough or amount to anything.
my inner sense that if I don't look out for myself no one else will.
my need to be first or on top in everything I do, so that no one can take it away from me.
my need to get in the last word in any argument or disagreement I have with others.
my unwillingness to bury the hatchet with an old ''enemy.''
my stubborn determination to be the winner no matter what.
our society's belief that just retribution is expected when a crime is committed.
my feeling that those who commit crimes against me deserve to be punished.
my feeling that if it is OK with society, then it must be OK for me to wish death on my enemies.
my confusion about the possibility of gaining retribution, vindication, reparation, and restitution in life.
What irrational thinking underlies my need to get revenge?
No one is going to take advantage of me again.
I would rather fight than admit I was wrong.
They hurt me too badly; I can't forgive and forget.
I don't get mad, I just get even.
Don't cross me if you don't want your head in your hands before it's over.
There are two kinds of people in this world: those that lose and those that get even.
They are all alike, so what do you expect.
It is better to attack before you are attacked.
No one cares about me; I need to protect myself so that no one can take advantage of me again.
They are all out to get me.
There's no place where I can feel safe, secure, and content.
Kill or be killed.
The world is a hard, cruel place to live; everyone is out for themselves.
The only way to achieve my goal is to be sure that my enemies suffer dearly for their crimes.
They owe it to me; I'm going to take it.
They deserve everything they get; the worse it is the better.
They'll wish they had never done that to me before I get finished.
It gives me great pleasure to see them in so much pain.
Don't cross me or you'll be sorry.
I have a right to full restitution for the emotional harm I suffered.
I'll teach them a lesson or two before I'm finished.
They will have to pay and pay dearly for the pain and suffering they caused me.
I expect full and unconditional reparation and vindication before I'll forgive them.
I might forgive, but I'll never forget.
I won't turn the other cheek again.
"Vengeance is mine, says the Lord.'' This idea is out of touch with the reality of today's "dog eat dog'' world.
The only satisfaction I'll get is when they are six feet under.
Harboring resentment against people is a waste of time unless you are able to bring about their fall.
I must achieve as much as I can to make them sorry they ever mistreated me.
It couldn't have happened to a nicer, more deserving person.
I must be perfect to show their mistake in rejecting me.
I must be the best so they will finally recognize my worth and regret their ''put downs'' of me.
I'll neither show my anger or how badly I'm hurt; they'll never know where the pay back came from.
How can I rid myself of the need to seek revenge?
To rid myself of spiteful, revengeful behavior I need to:
identify each negative behavior in which I am currently involved with revenge as the prime motivation.
identify every person against whom I harbor ill feelings.
identify each incident for which I am seeking revenge.
do anger work-out on each person and event for which I feel revenge and/or unresolved anger.
exhaust my anger, then work at forgiveness and forgetting.
put past hurts, injuries, and pain behind me; reset my goals and priorities; concentrate on personal growth.
rid myself of the remnants of irrational thinking and replace them with self-enhancing, self-promoting thinking.
develop a new way of handling hurts and pain by increasing my ability to be assertive and confront my anger in a timely fashion.
achieve a ''win-win'' philosophy in my relationships.
Steps to eliminating seeking revenge in my life
Step 1: The first step is to identify current behavior that has revenge as the prime motivation.
First: I will put an ''X'' next to each of the behavior traits listed in How does my revenge manifest itself? that are true for me.
Second: I will next put an ''X'' next to each of the pitfalls of seeking revenge that bother me which are listed in What are the pitfalls in seeking revenge?.
Third: Then I need to read the following list of revenge-oriented behavior and indicate those that impact my life most of the time:
___ 1. I am rarely happy with the people in my life.
___ 2. I am rarely content with my life.
___ 3. I am rarely content with my material success.
___ 4. I am driven to work harder and longer hours to get ahead.
___ 5. I seem to work harder and enjoy it less.
___ 6. I am unable to find a job that I thoroughly enjoy.
___ 7. I tend to jump from job to job with no long-term planning involved.
___ 8. My relationship with my spouse (or significant other) is clouded by my unresolved anger against person(s) of the same sex as my spouse.
___ 9. I find that I am often at odds with my spouse (or significant other) over anger issues from the past.
___ 10. No matter how my spouse (or significant other) tries to change, it is never satisfying to me and I let this fact be known.
___ 11. I overreact to little things my spouse (or significant) other does because it taps into old hurts.
___ 12. I avoid intimate relationships for fear of rejection, non-acceptance, hurt, or pain.
___ 13. I shy away from romantic relationships; I really don't trust the opposite sex.
___ 14. I am filled with excuses for why I'm not ready for a committed relationship.
___ 15. I am guarded and defensive in a group of new people.
___ 16. I find people shy away from me once they have met me because they sense my bitterness.
___ 17. I am rarely able to relax, kick up my heels, and just have fun.
___ 18. I am obsessed with the idea of ''getting even'' with others.
___ 19. I am bothered by paranoid thinking; I feel that others are out to get me.
___ 20. I find it difficult to accept the idea of forgiving my enemies and forgetting their offenses against me.
___ 21. I find it difficult to believe that I need to make amends to those I may have hurt, offended, or treated unfairly.
___ 22. I find it difficult to believe in turning the other cheek.
___ 23. I would rather wage war against those who have hurt me, not make peace.
___ 24. It is difficult for me to accept that my parents and family did the best they could knowing what they did at the time.
___ 25. It is difficult for me to let go of my anger against those who have scarred my psyche for life.
___ 26. I find those who are ''all forgiving'' too good to be true.
___ 27. ''Getting even'' is a prime motivator for success in life; I am hesitant to let go of this rationale for my behavior.
___ 28. Having been the object of prejudice and bigotry, I find it hard to believe that it is better to forgive and forget than to seek revenge.
___ 29. If it is good enough for society, why isn't it all right for me to get my just retribution for offenses committed against me?
___ 30. I find it difficult to come to a compromise in which each person comes out feeling like a ''winner.''
Step 2: Once I've identified my revenge behavior, I need to identify against whom I am seeking revenge. I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. Who do I feel a need to get even with? For each person I list, I will answer the each of these questions separately.
B. What did this person do to me?
C. With what specific events was this person involved?
D. How would I like to see this person paid back?
E. How has this person already been paid back?
F. How do I feel about the way life has treated this person?
G. How do I feel now about the events regarding this person that angered me in the past?
H. What is lacking in me that keeps me from forgiving this person and forgetting the events involved?
I. How angry am I today toward this person? The events?
J. What keeps me from letting go of my anger against this person and the events involved?
K. How does my revenge manifest itself?
L. How does my desire for revenge impact my current life?
M. How would my life change if I no longer sought revenge?
N. How reasonable is it for me to harbor so much anger against this person now that I realize what this anger is doing to me?
Step 3: The third step involves anger work-out, forgiving, and forgetting. I must exhaust my anger by doing anger work-out for each person listed in Step 2A. Then I need to perform an act of forgiving and forgetting for each one. The following letter provides an outline to use in this attempt. I do not need to send the letter unless I feel it would act as a tool of healing for the hurting relationship I have with the person addressed.
Letter of Forgiving and Forgetting
Dear _________:
Part 1: I have used anger work-out to forgive and forget the following:
Part 2: . I am committed to continue to let go of my anger over these past hurts and pains. I intend to speak up immediately when I feel hurt. My honest, assertive behavior will allow me to change my life and improve my relationships.
Part 3: I accept that your actions were based on your own compulsive behavior and the scripts you learned in your family of origin.
Part 4: I believe that you are a different person today from the one who hurt me. You have changed in the following ways:
Part 5: I recognize that even though I have suffered, the following things I did or have done since have brought equal pain to you:
Part 6: I am ready to forgive you and work at blotting out the memory of the hurt. I'd like to emphasize the positive in our relationship and work on improving the negative.
Sincerely,
Your Name ________________
Step 4: The fourth step includes a change in my behavior so that I avoid getting into a ''revenge'' mode again. I need to implement the following ''win-win'' solution to problems each time a conflict or disagreement arises.
A ''win-win'' model of conflict resolution:
1. Recognize what the conflict with the other person is about. Identify:
who/what is involved
the content issues involved
the feelings involved, the level of anger
the risks if the conflict goes on unresolved
2. Create a mood of mutual concern
never react out of anger
never cry
never yell
never call names
wait until we both feel calm
use an understanding tone and approach
be gentle, caring, but firmly assertive
be open and communicative
listen for feelings
be honest with my feelings and concerns
3. Create a problem-solving atmosphere
explain the problem in an assertive way. Go into total detail for full understanding
list the issues involved - all of them
hear each other out with no interruptions
encourage each other to talk and express feelings and concerns
identify alternatives and brainstorm a full, exhaustive list of possible solutions
list the alternatives and solutions in a realistic order
4. Create a ''compromise to grow'' atmosphere
be willing to look at the whole list of solutions
don't hold on to my ''point of view'' only
be creative in searching for solutions
don't hold on to an ''I win, you lose'' position
don't hold onto ''you win, I lose'' position
don't hold on to a ''you lose and I lose'' position
hold on to a ''you win and I win'' position
5. Bring a permanent closure to the fight
once we have settled on a compromised solution, record it as a formal statement or agreement
each of us signs the statement
put it in a prominent place
refer to it if the issue resurfaces
be willing to alter or modify the agreement if it proves to be unsatisfactory after a fair trial
OR
1. get out of the situation if the other person is unwilling to compromise; pull myself out totally
2. do not return to the relationship unless the other person is willing to be non-competitive or engage in a ''win-win'' relationship
3. give up any thoughts of seeking revenge if the person refuses to compromise; let go of my anger in healthy anger work-out sessions
4. move on to new relationships in which mutual respect and mutual concern are possible
Step 5: If I am still getting into a revenge taking mode then I need to return to Step 1 and begin again.
harbor the most extreme level of anger possible against them.
ignore and avoid them; they don't exist for me.
am easily aggravated by their behavior, looks, or attitudes.
get agitated when I think about them; it gets worse when I am in their presence.
have an antagonistic attitude toward them.
find myself being cruel, vicious, vindictive, or revengeful with them.
exhibit inflamed, incensed, ill-tempered, or disagreeable behavior if the topic of conversation turns to them.
become rude, belligerent, combative, enraged, or intolerant with them.
act bigoted, prejudiced, callous, insensitive, or malicious toward them.
fantasize murderous, violent, bloodthirsty, inhuman, sadistic ideas about them.
become dogmatic, critical, malicious, and severe in my judgment and statements about them.
look unfriendly, unfeeling, unlikable, unmerciful, sullen, sulky, or spiteful whenever I talk to or about them.
become enraged, wrathful, and piqued when I hear their name mentioned in any positive way.
find myself being cold, distant, aloof, uncaring, and obstinate in my discussions with them or about them.
act offended, opposed, provoked, or irritated when they speak to me.
deliberately misunderstand them.
What causes my hatred?
My hatred toward a person or a group of people is rooted in my belief that they have:
treated me unfairly or abused me.
acted in such a way that my future success was imperiled or adversely affected.
unjustly accused me of wrong doing.
laid a guilt trip on me, preventing me from taking care of myself in a healthy way.
never given me a chance to be my own person and to feel good about myself.
adversely affected my personal development and contributed to my lowered self-esteem and self-worth.
said things about me that I can't forgive or forget.
acted in such a way that my resentment and rage are the only possible responses.
exhibit qualities, behavior patterns, or characteristics that have great physical or emotional danger to me.
a horrible reputation, stigma, or myth about them that is hard to refute or disprove.
had something better than what I have and are unwilling to share it with me.
had life easier than I, they haven't had to work as hard as I to survive.
no desire to help me reach material or emotional success in life.
wretched, vile, loathsome personalities that breed misery and pain for me.
attacked my reputation or honor, in reality or imagination.
been obstinate, unwilling to submit to my control, power, supervision, or guidance.
been a threat, either real or imagined, to my sense of security, well-being, and contentment.
never understood my needs and have ignored me because of this.
never given me approval, recognition, or reinforcement for the "good'' person that I am.
only pointed out my failures.
betrayed the trust and faith I once placed in them.
been the underlying reasons for my unhappiness today.
been controlling, manipulative, sneaky, ruthless, and scheming in their dealings with me.
hostile, hateful, and hypercritical ways of dealing with me.
been "power mad'' in their attempts to control me.
What are some examples of my hatred?
My hatred toward individuals is reflected in the following statements:
I could never be "good'' enough for him.
No matter how hard I tried, I never felt her love.
I was abused (physically, verbally, or emotionally) by him.
She abandoned me long ago.
He lied, cheated, and stole from me.
Her lust for other men was insatiable; I was left alone.
I still feel the pain of her rejection.
If he had done what I asked him to do in the first place this wouldn't be happening to me now.
She deserves everything she has coming to her. It couldn't have happened to a "nicer'' person.
I am this way because of the way she treated me.
My hatred toward groups of people are reflected in the following statements:
They are all just alike: No good!
You can't trust any of them.
They only want to use, abuse, and then discard you.
They are what is keeping our country from being great.
If you give them an inch they'll take a mile.
You can never turn your back on them.
They all have it so much easier then I do; they don't deserve it.
Their one goal in life is to control others.
They always win no matter what; why play the game.
What are some negative effects of my hatred?
Because of my hatred toward a person or group of people, I find that I am:
never fully happy or content.
bitter and cold toward almost everybody in my life.
not sought out by others to be a friend.
socially isolated and lonely.
caustic, hostile, sarcastic, and cynical.
embittered, saddened, and desolate a good part of the time.
lacking in enthusiasm, energy, and spontaneity in my daily life.
cold, distant, and aloof in my dealings with others.
mistrusting, paranoid, and suspicious in my relationships.
stuck in my quest for healthy self-esteem.
guilty over the negative feelings that I can't let go of.
easily provoked to anger and my "hot buttons'' are pushed when the person or group of people I hate is mentioned in any positive way.
wasteful in the expenditure of my emotional energy by venting my chronic negative feelings.
prone to over-compensate by behaving in a completely opposite way from those I hate.
unable to get on with my life; I tend to dwell on or blame everything on my past.
touchy, highly emotional, or overly sensitive when my "hateful'' behavior is pointed out to me.
defensive about my right to hold on to my hateful beliefs.
more focused on those I hate than on myself and my personal growth.
closed to the suggestion to forgive and forget the past and get on with the present.
prone to lose sight of my personal power and my ability to chose what I want to feel or do.
overwhelmed by my bitterness and anger.
unable to be optimistic.
unwilling to believe that it is my choice to feel hatred.
stubborn, unwilling to accept that often people have done the best that they could knowing what they did at the time.
What irrational thinking contributes to my hatred?
They should have known better.
No one should have to go through what I have in my lifetime.
They should have known how badly they were making me feel.
He should not have been so mean to me.
She should not have left me the way she did.
I should have been recognized for all the good things I did.
He should not have been so manipulative with me.
She should have done the things I told her to do.
They should have recognized my goodness, talent, competency, and worth and told me so.
What good is it to forgive and forget the past now?
I will never trust another human being again.
My life should be easier than it is.
If only I had had good luck and the benefits of others, e.g., education, money, good looks, I would be a happy person.
No matter how hard a person works he will never change his fate.
I am always taken advantage of and always end up a loser in relationships.
All _______ are bad. (Parents, men, women, children, Jews, blacks, whites, Asians, Hispanics, Polish, Italians, Arabs, psychologists, doctors, lawyers, car salesmen, insurance companies, or your personal object of hate.)
How can I overcome my hatred? To overcome my hatred of a person or group of people I need to:
assess my hatred: is it based on what is real or on what is imagined.
determine if the person or group of people intentionally set out to hurt, abuse, neglect, or mistreat me.
analyze whether or not the person or group of people knew how negatively I was being affected by them.
identify what relevant facts were lacking for the person or group of persons in their dealings with me.
analyze what my thinking was like at the time I was being mistreated.
identify the irrational component of my thinking about this mistreatment and replace it with more rational and realistic thinking.
perform anger work-out sessions until I have exhausted my hatred to the point where I can forgive and forget the past.
admit that even if a person set out to hurt me, knowing full well how badly I would feel, it does me no good to harbor this hatred. It exhausts my emotional energy. I need to let go of it and get on with my life.
Steps to overcoming hatred
Step 1: I first need to read "The Hatred Parable,'' then answer the questions regarding the story in my journal.
The Hatred Parable
There once was an alcoholic father and mother who had two lovely daughters. One daughter was bitter over the way her parents had treated her sister and her, so when she was eighteen she left home to get a job and live in an apartment. The other daughter, who was ten at the time, stayed home until she was twenty-two. Then she married, and she and her husband moved into the house next to her parents.
The first daughter lived alone, and on her own but in her hometown for six years before she married. After she married, however, she moved far away from her parents. Unfortunately, this daughter married an alcoholic, and the marriage ended sadly after four years. The woman lived alone for years thereafter, filled with hatred toward her parents for ruining her life. She had not been prepared for marriage to a healthy person, and that's why she inadvertently sought out an alcoholic for a husband. She was also filled with hatred toward men. She felt that men held all the power and control and were content to treat women like slaves.
Several years after her divorce she was living alone 1500 miles from her parents and sister. It had been fifteen years since she left home. Her younger sister had been married for three years by this time and was still living with her husband next door to the parents. The older sister was dealing with her hatred toward both her parents and men. As part of her therapeutic work toward self-healing she was to write two letters, one to her parents and the other to her younger sister.
The older sister wrote and told her parents that she forgave them for the past because she recognized that alcoholism was a disease that had prevented her parents from doing what would have been "ideal.'' She asked her parents to visit her in the big city so she could show them the side of her life hidden from them for the past fifteen years.
In the letter to her younger sister she wrote that she had been jealous of the approval and attention given to the younger daughter by the parents. She asked her sister how she could limit her potential by getting married so young. Didn't she know that being a slave to a man was no life for a woman? Wasn't she afraid that her husband would turn out like Dad? Didn't she feel that she deserved more out of life than being controlled by a man and winding up a nursemaid to Mom and Dad. The older sister asked her younger sister to come visit her in the big city to see the good life that was possible for a single woman.
Back home, the two letters were received, read, and shared by the parents and the younger sister. They were confused by the double messages. The older daughter was saying on one hand, I've given up my hatred, but on the other hand her bitterness and hatred jumped off the page. How were they going to respond to the older daughter? What would be the right thing to say? They decided simply to ignore the letters, hoping that the older daughter would communicate a clearer idea of what she really wanted from them.
Questions:
A. Which sister is more like you?
B. What good did blaming her parents do for the older sister? What good did blaming her divorced husband do?
C. What are some possible reasons for the older sister's choice of husband?
D. What did it benefit the older sister to get out of the family's house?
E. What difference would it have made to this story if we knew both parents were recovered alcoholics at the time the letters were written?
F. What type of man did the younger sister probably marry? What role models did her mother and older sister offer her as a wife?
G. What feelings did the younger sister have about her older sister when she realized that she had been abandoned by her at ten years of age? How did these feelings affect their relationship? How did these feelings affect her choice of spouse? How did these feelings affect her relationship with her parents?
H. How well did the older sister overcome her hatred as reflected in her letters? What was wrong? What still needed to be worked on? What was lacking in her letters?
I. How often do I think I've overcome my hatred until someone points out the inconsistency in my thinking, feelings, or behavior?
J. What does this story tell me about overcoming my hatred?
Step 2: After reading the story and answering the questions, I need to identify the person or persons for whom I feel hatred. For each one I need to answer these questions in my journal:
A. I feel hatred for:
B. I hate this person because:
C. This person's behavior toward me resulted in:
D. How real are these events? When did they occur? Is this a perception, an assumption, or just imagined? If it is reality, continue to Step 3.
Step 3: Once I've identified an item of real hatred, I need to work at overcoming the hatred by answering the following questions about each hated person in my journal:
A. How well informed was this hated person about the effects of the hated action on me?
B. What did this person need to know in order to prevent affecting me negatively?
C. What blocked this person from knowing what would have been good for me?
D. What is my thinking like in dealing with this hated person? How rational is my thinking? What rational replacements do I need?
Step 4: I must perform anger work-out sessions for each hated person until I can let go of my hatred and forgive and forget.
I need to forgive each person for hurting me. This will allow the release of my energy, get me unstuck, and move me on toward health.
Step 5: If I am unable to release my hatred for a person, or group, I will return to Step 1 and begin again.
Handling Resentment
What is resentment?
Resentment is the:
harboring of animosity against a person or group of people whom I feel has mistreated me.
unresolved anger I have over a negative event which occurred in my past life.
seething, aching emotional turmoil I feel whenever a certain person or event is discussed.
lack of forgiving, the inability to let go and forget.
root of distrust and suspicion I have when dealing with people or events that brought me pain in the past.
unresolved grief I experience when I find it difficult to accept a loss.
result of being heartbroken after exerting a great deal of effort and energy to achieve something that eventually was lost to me.
result of feeling that I was unjustly victimized with no resolution to the problem.
long-term suffering in silence when an open expression of hurt is unwanted and uninvited.
cancer robbing me of contentment in life.
grudge I hold against a person or group of people whom I feel has kept me from achieving.
feeling offended but silent when I believe that a person or group of people have ignored or denied my rights.
root of my depression.
How is my resentment manifested?
When I am filled with resentment toward a person or group of people I:
pout or fume silently in their presence or at the mention of their name.
get upset when music, a movie, or a TV show reminds me of the unpleasant interactions I have had with them.
speak in a derisive or demeaning way about them.
have nightmares or distressing thoughts or daydreams about them.
become stuck in my efforts for personal growth and I don't even know why.
get furious for no apparent reason.
get depressed, despondent, and find myself going in circles in my attempts to overcome these negative feelings.
avoid mentioning or discussing anything that relates to my past anger or upset with them.
grit my teeth and smile when I really want to scream and yell when these people are mentioned to me.
fake enthusiasm and excitement about being with these people when I'd rather have nothing to do with them.
How does resentment develop?
Resentment can be the outcome of:
accepting negative treatment from others passively, never expressing negative feelings about it.
agreeing to do something for others yet feeling that I am being taken for granted or taken advantage of.
trying to get others to see my point of view while they ignore or deny the truth or wisdom in what I have to say.
seeing others succeed who have not worked as hard as I have. I feel they don't deserve this measure of success.
going unrecognized for my good work or competency while others who are more in favor are recognized.
working hard and having others prevent me from realizing the bounty of my success.
having someone whom I have tried hard to please reject my efforts of caring and concern.
an impossible position in a relationship with someone where I am damned if I do and also damned if I don't do what the person wants from me.
being embarrassed by a person whose goal was to belittle me.
being consistently rejected, unapproved, unaccepted, and abandoned by another.
being the object of discrimination or prejudice.
being ignored, put down, scorned, and rejected by a person or people for whom I made sacrifices.
having someone I care about be treated unjustly with my requests to stop such action going ignored.
trying my best to please someone but no matter how well I did, it was never ``good'' enough.
recognizing that I am the one who always makes the effort in a relationship, and when I stop giving the relationship ceases.
giving in a relationship hoping to sustain it, but the other person abruptly terminates it.
never getting the chance to seek reparation for having been victimized.
What are the negative effects of my unresolved resentment?
When I have unresolved resentment I:
am touchy or on edge when I am reminded of the person or persons I resent.
usually deny any anger or hatred against those whom I resent.
am provoked or angered when I see those whom I resent get recognized and reinforced for their achievements.
am bothered by my hostile, cynical, and sarcastic attitude; it becomes a barrier between me and the people with whom I want to establish a healthy relationship.
get stuck in my efforts to grow as a person.
reject all efforts to get me to work on forgiving and forgetting past offenses and hurts.
resist all attempts to get me to get on with my life, including the suggestion that I have unfinished business with people from my past which needs to be addressed.
find it difficult to open myself up to trust others, especially in new relationships.
find it hard to believe that I'll ever be recognized for my competency, worth, and abilities.
tend to overcompensate in my efforts to be successful.
What irrational thinking underlies my resentment?
No matter what I do it is never "good'' enough, so why try?
People are out to get me so, I'll reject them before they reject me.
There is no use in resolving unfinished business with people from my past who mistreated me.
Everyone is out to get me.
Hard work, a clean life, and treating people fairly is a waste of time; it has never paid off for me.
There is no way I can forgive or forget my negative past.
I'll never win at anything I try; I've always lost up until now.
There are the "haves'' and the "have nots,'' and I'm a have not guaranteed to be a loser.
My life should at least be fair.
It is better to grin and bear it; I'll never get anywhere with an open, honest approach.
What's done is done, so let it be.
I've never been given a break in the past; why should I expect anything different now?
It's all a matter of politics: who you know and what you have to bow down to that determines your fate.
It's who you know rather than what you are that determines your success.
Why is it that people with fewer talents, who work less, and struggle little, always seem to get ahead while I remain stuck.
The price of hard work and effort seems to be failure and disappointment for me.
There's always going to be someone who will guarantee that I'll be unsuccessful.
They are all alike; why try to win them over or be nice to them.
It will never change; why try to alter the situation between me and them.
There are always people more talented, prettier, and more competent standing in the wings to take my place.
How can I overcome resentment?
Techniques I can use to rid myself of resentment include:
admitting to myself that there is unresolved resentment behind my hostile, cynical and sarcastic attitude; and decide to rid myself of it.
doing private anger work-out toward the people I resent.
writing a letter in which I detail all of the reasons for my resentment but NOT mailing it.
identifying the "hot buttons'' that indicate the presence of resentment in me and working at defusing their impact.
working at a rational outlook on my past life so that it isn't a chain around my neck in the future.
listing those for whom I've got resentment and systematically working at forgiving and forgetting their past offenses.
improving my self-esteem and self-worth; looking only to myself for approval and recognition.
working with my support network to identify when I slip back into resentment over my past.
developing self-affirmations and positive self-visualizations to overcome my negative outlook on life.
re-establishing myself in pursuits in which I excelled, but dropped due to lack of perceived success.
working at being a winner in what I do best.
believing in myself to be a winner in life.
Steps in overcoming resentment
Step 1: To overcome any resentment I have against a person or people in my life I first need to identify who they are and what they did to make me resentful. I need to answer the following questions in my journal:
A. Toward whom in my past or present do I hold any level of resentment?
B. What did each of these people do to hurt, offend, or victimize me?
C. How real or imagined are these offenses?
D. What has the specific resentment against each of these people done to my attitude about me and my future?
E. How paralyzed am I in my efforts toward personal growth by the resentment I carry toward each of these people?
Step 2: Once I've identified each person I have resentment against and the extent to which this resentment has affected me, I need to develop a new way of looking at my past, present, and future life. To do this I need to answer the following questions in my journal:
A. What irrational thinking am I locked into because of my resentment?
B. How will ridding myself of resentment help me to develop a positive belief system in my life?
C. How can I loosen the bonds and open myself in anger work-outs over those I resent?
D. What blocks my attempts to express my anger openly?
E. How hard am I working at overcoming my blocks to anger?
F. What new behavior do I need to develop to freely express my anger and rid myself of energy-draining resentment?
G. What new rational thinking do I need to develop to overcome the negative impact of my resentment?
H. How will my life be positively impacted by getting rid of my resentment?
I. What new behavior do I need to develop to ensure that new resentment doesn't arise?
J. What new attitudes and approaches do I need to develop after ridding myself of resentment?
Step 3: Now that I've considered a change in attitude and belief system, I need to:
A. Write in my journal a letter (I will never mail these letters so I can be as brutally honest and straight forward in them) to each person I resent. In it list all real or imagined offenses.
B. Explain for myself why each person treated me badly. Was it real or imagined?
C. Forgive each person, let go, and forget the offenses. (See the prologue of this book for an example of a letter of resentment.)
Step 4: Once I've let go of all of my resentment through forgiving and forgetting, I need to visualize my life, present and future, without the negative impact of resentment. I need to log this vision in my journal, and affirm its reality daily.
Step 5: If I am still bogged down by the negative effects of resentment, then I need to go back to Step 1 and begin again.
reach the negative, pessimistic judgment that things are not going to go my way and act accordingly.
am reacting to unresolved anger that gives power to people against whom I harbor anger.
am acting out of anger, resentment, hatred, and animosity.
neglect to find out if things have changed from similar situations in the past.
snap to a decision without having all the facts at hand.
ignore any positive input I may be receiving.
may be reacting to a situation based on a negative belief system.
generalize from past experiences that my future will be no different than my past.
become pessimistic about my life because things don't look any different to me now than they did before.
lock people into a certain behavior pattern, or a "script."
don't allow for the possibility of change.
have a belief about the way things are going to be and I don't allow for any deviation from this belief.
close off the possibility for healthy change because I fail to see the reality of changes in life being presented to me.
am being unfair to myself and to others.
How can I characterize my jumping to assumptions?
Ignoring the "yes'' messages in my life. Being used to receiving "no," I make the assumption that things will remain the same. When people give me a "yes," which is permission to act in a healthy way, I ignore them, assuming the worst, and continue to react as if I had been given a "no.''
Having a chip on my shoulder. Because I assume that things will always go wrong people perceive me as sullen, angry, negative, and easily agitated.
Giving power to others. By assuming the worst about people, places, things, or events I allow them to upset, bother, or agitate me. This means I give them power over me, negative power.
Prejudiced or bigoted behavior. By assuming that a person or group of people will always act the same way, I react to them in a negative way. This puts an emotional and/or physical distance between us, leaving no chance for healing.
Acting in a stereotypic way. By making assumptions about how something or someone is always going to be, I act in a "predetermined'' way regarding the particular issue(s). This allows little flexibility and spontaneity in my life.
Thinking and/or acting irrationally. Most of the assumptions I reach are based on irrational thinking. The possibility of change is not considered.
Fulfillment of the prophecy. By assuming that the worst is going to happen, I subconsciously set things up so that they do happen and in just the negative way I predicted.
Being close-minded. If I assumed that there is only one way things will always be, then my mind is closed to other possibilities. This results in my becoming closed or resistant to change, even to changes for the better. I simply refuse to believe they are true.
Living with blinders on. Reaching the assumption that there is only one way things are going to be, I become unable to look forward. I refuse to see the possibility of things being different. I become narrow in my focus.
Being rigid and inflexible. By assuming that things can't change, my behavior gets stuck on one track. I'm on a one-way street to nowhere, in a deep rut. I find it impossible to be spontaneous or flexible.
Being insensitive and uncaring. By assuming that I will be treated negatively by everyone with whom I come in contact, I throw emotional barriers up so high that no one can see my feelings. This results in my appearing cold and aloof.
Self-sabotaging behavior. Assuming that only the worst will happen to me, I do or say things that hamper my growth or success. Failure and loss are the result.
What consequences come from jumping to negative assumptions?
By jumping to negative assumptions, I:
find that people avoid me and don't invite me into relationships with them.
see that people are hesitant to tell me things for fear that I will react negatively to them.
miss the healthy changes others are making in their lives.
close myself off from "healing'' relationships with people against whom I've held anger and resentment.
lead myself into fights, arguments, or disagreements with little provocation.
blow my stack before I clearly understand all the facts.
overreact; my emotional response is too intense for the circumstances.
reject people before they reject me, then feel sad and hurt when they don't respond the way I'd like them to.
act the way I learned in my family of origin and this results in negative consequences.
find it impossible to sustain healthy, satisfying relationships with people.
tend to be overly defensive and come across as either paranoid or too intense.
become increasingly dissatisfied with my life and pessimistic about the future.
easily fly off the handle when my hot buttons are pushed.
get embittered about how badly life has treated me.
feel it is useless to expect things to change.
give myself only "negative self-scripts.''
feel I don't deserve the "good'' things in life.
accept that I am incompetent, incapable of controlling my choices for personal growth toward a healthy and satisfying life.
What irrational thinking leads me to jump to these negative assumptions?
All people are alike.
Things will never change.
No one wants me to succeed.
There are only two kinds of people in life: losers and winners/the "haves'' and the "have nots.''
I was meant to be a loser and a "have not.''
There is no sense in my trying to change since the others in my life will never change.
I know how she is and how she will always react, so why expect anything else from her?
This is the way it is supposed to happen to me.
There is only one way to think or feel; one should not deviate from it.
I've been hurt and hurt badly; nothing good will ever happen to me.
People are out to protect themselves, acting only for their own good; why expect them to do something nice for me or be different with me?
No matter what I do, my life never changes for the good.
Wanting things to change is a waste of time.
I don't control the way things happen to me.
It's not what I say or do that counts, it is what happens to me in the end that matters.
Everyone is out to get me; I have to accept this if I am ever going to be happy.
Change is only in your mind; it is never present in reality.
My life script is cast in stone; nothing I do will change it.
No one will ever hurt me again; I will be vigilant at all times for even a hint of negativity toward me.
Trust no one. If I assume the worst I'll never be disappointed.
I don't count on anything happening positively, so when it doesn't I'm prepared.
I am an unlovable, unlikable, unattractive person; no one could ever be interested in me.
If I protect myself from the attacks of others before they begin, I'll be ready and can lessen the damages.
I never let my guard down so I won't get attacked at my weakest point.
It's better to protect myself now before I get hurt than to react to the hurt later.
No matter what I do, it is always the same. I get the short end of the stick.
Where did I learn to jump to negative assumptions?
I became skilled at jumping to negative assumptions:
in a family where honest communication rarely existed.
because I was unable to express or even identify my feelings as a child.
in my relationships when I experienced hurt, pain, rejection, and a lack of approval.
in my early life by adopting a nonassertive mode.
by never asking people to clarify their meaning or feelings in our communication.
by allowing myself to be intimidated by others.
when I saw that every time I predicted that a "bad'' thing would happen to me, it did.
when I saw my parents and siblings doing it. It became a way of life for me.
when my creative problem-solving techniques kept not working with authority figures.
as I learned that I could be more accepted by accommodating and following the crowd than by thinking for myself.
How can I stop jumping to negative assumptions?
To stop this negative cycle, I need to:
develop optimism about the future.
open myself up to recognizing "yes'' messages in my life.
reduce my unresolved anger and get the "chip'' off my shoulder.
take back the power over my own emotions and stop allowing others to intimidate me.
become open-minded toward people and groups of people.
stop expecting people to act in stereotypic ways.
stop acting in stereotypic ways toward others.
develop rational thinking about change.
accept the possibility of positive change in life.
stop predicting a negative outcome for each of my endeavors.
visualize successful, positive results of my efforts.
open my mind to truth and reality.
get rid of my negative belief system.
stop living life with blinders on.
experience the whole of my life, including both good and not so good.
become more spontaneous and carefree.
allow myself to become vulnerable in relationships.
take the risk to trust others.
experience a relationship for what it is rather than what I assume it to be.
identify all actions on my part which sabotage my efforts at personal growth, health, and success.
think before I speak.
recognize when I am working from negative assumptions rather than reality.
to identify the paradoxes in life.
recognize that what appears to be negative could be an opportunity for personal growth.
learn to deal with the riddles of life.
stop misleading and misdirecting myself.
give those in my support network permission to stop me when I slip into old behavior patterns.
Steps to stop my jumping to negative assumptions
Step 1: In order to stop jumping to negative assumptions, I need to recognize how I do it. By answering the following three riddles in my journal I can learn how I jump to negative assumptions.
Coin Riddle
I have two coins that total thirty cents. One of the coins is not a nickel. What two coins do I have?
A. My answer is:
B. My reason for this answer is:
C. Scroll down to get the correct answer. Identify the assumption that resulted in my wrong answer. If I was right, great!
Crash Riddle
A plane crashed on the border between Mexico and the United States. If the luggage landed in one country and the wreckage in another, in which country would you bury the survivors?
A. My answer is:
B. My reason for this answer is:
C. Scroll down to get the correct answer. Identify the assumption that resulted in my wrong answer. If I was right, great!
Accident Riddle
Mr. Smith and his son, Tony, were driving home from work. They got into a car accident. Mr. Smith died immediately. Tony was rushed to a hospital unconscious and he was taken to surgery. When the surgeon saw Tony, the doctor said, "I cannot operate on this man because he is my son.'' Who was the doctor?
A. My answer is:
B. My reason for this answer is:
C. Scroll down to get the correct answer . Identify the assumption that resulted in my wrong answer. If I was right, great, but even if I got all three riddles correct, I need to answer the following questions in my journal:
(1) What is a riddle?
(2) How are paradoxes, stereotypes, and assumptions involved in riddles?
(3) How well do I solve riddles?
(4) How well do I solve the riddles in my life?
(5) How do assumptions interfere in my relationships?
(6) What are the sources of my negative assumptions?
(7) What unresolved anger lies at the base of these negative assumptions?
(8) What irrational thinking leads to my negative assumptions?
(9) What new thinking should I develop?
(10) What people, places, things, or events do I give power over me? What happens to me when these things trip my "hot buttons?" Physically? Emotionally?
Riddle Answers:
Coin Riddle: One coin is a quarter and the other is a nickel.
Crash Riddle: You don't bury survivors.
Accident Riddle: The doctor is Tony's mother.
Step 2: Once I identify those things to which I give power over me, I need to got to the next exercise.
"Get Down Off the Chair!''
Have separate members in a meeting of my support group represent each person, place, thing, or event for which I have unresolved anger, hatred, or resentment. Have each support person stand on a chair. [If I am not in a support group I can do this at home using empty chairs] Place all of the "powerful'' items on the chairs in a circle, surrounding me, to represent the power they hold over me. I will do one anger work-out at a time with each "power" item. I will take the power away and in so doing, lose intimidation, anger, hatred, or resentment. I will be able to face these items in the future without jumping to negative assumptions. This will enable me to see the positives or "yes'' messages in my life.
A. Can I identify each person, place, thing, or event to which I have given power? Do they come to mind easily?
B. How does unresolved anger, hatred, or resentment give power to these items?
C. What does "power over me" mean in this case?
D. How do I act, behave, or talk when something has power over me?
E. What negative assumptions are reached when I give power to a person, place, thing, or event?
F. How useful was it to role play "taking the power away?"
G. How many other people, places, things, or events, do I need to take off the chairs in my life?
H. How will this reduce my chance of jumping to negative assumptions?
Step 3: Once I've identified what I want "off the chairs," I need to identify those things about which I usually jump to negative assumptions. I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. When I jump to negative assumptions about people, I usually assume:
B. When I jump to negative assumptions about places, I usually assume:
C. When I jump to negative assumptions about things, I usually assume:
D. When I jump to negative assumptions about events, I usually assume:
E. My negative assumptions have the following themes or characteristics:
F. What do these negative assumptions tell me about my belief in myself?
G. What new beliefs about myself should I develop?
Step 4: Once I identify the negative assumptions I need to outline what I can do to stop this behavior. I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. What is the status of my sense of self-deserving and self-love?
B. How can I grow in self-love, self-worth, and self-esteem, and believe that I deserve good things in life?
C. What new behavior should I develop to stop my jumping to negative assumptions?
D. In reviewing this chapter, what action could I take to stop jumping to negative assumptions?
Step 5: If I am still jumping to negative assumptions, I will go back to Step 1 and begin over again.
Silent Withdrawal
Is silent withdrawal an expression of anger?
By silently withdrawing into myself, isolating myself from others, I show anger in a passive way. I am:
angry over some real or perceived offense.
incapable of venting my anger openly and prefer to remain silent.
afraid of an outburst of anger, afraid I'll be unable to stop.
stuffing my feelings to stay in control.
refusing to show them that they have "gotten" to me.
so full of anger, resentment, bitterness, and hostility that I'd rather remain silent than overreact to the situation.
blocked in my ability to be honest with others, unable to show honest anger.
unaware of my anger and even find it offensive or surprising when someone suggests that I am angry.
setting myself up for other forms of unhealthy anger expression.
not giving others the benefit of my feedback about their behavior, setting the scene for a repeat performance.
giving others the power to intimidate me.
avoiding assertive behavior in letting others know how they have angered me.
piling up unresolved anger, adding to my bank account of unresolved anger, making me more and more emotionally silent, withdrawn, and isolated.
out of touch with my true feelings, denying these feelings to others.
incapable of showing my negative side, afraid of disapproval and rejection.
What are behavioral patterns resulting from my silently withdraw anger?
When I withdraw from the open expression of anger I am setting myself up for alternative forms of unhealthy anger expression, which are often self-destructive. They include:
Binging and purging. This is the clearest evidence of my internal anger. Purging violates my person and masks my raging anger. It is one way to rid myself of anger without having to express it.
Escaping into alcohol or other drugs. I choose alcohol or another drug to medicate my anger and calm me down. I find myself consuming these substances to the degree to which I currently stuff or have stuffed my anger in the past. The anger is never exhausted and I need continuous medication to silence it.
Overeating. This is a figurative and literal form of stuffing my anger down. In an attempt to nurture myself, I treat myself to a calming friend: food. Unfortunately my "friend" food overwhelms me by adding pound after pound. The "jolly fat man" is often really silently anger.
Daydreaming. When I am angry at what is going on, I can withdraw into myself; escape into my imagination through vivid daydreams. My fantasies concern how I would like my life to be. My daydreams are of a perfect life where my enemies are punished and I succeed.
People-pleasing behavior. I find it impossible to be honest with people when they have angered me so I set out to please them. I either do as much as I can for them so that they are grateful and never anger me, or I put my "happy, good" face on so they never know how angry I am.
Entertaining behavior. Rather than confront my angry feelings honestly, I resort to jokes, stories, quips, or any other diversion to avoid the angry feelings and act happy. I push my anger down and away.
Pulling-in behavior. Recognizing that it is better to be invisible during negative situations, I pull my feelings in and avoid contact with those who anger me. I become more and more isolated from the anger stimulus. I pull my anger deep inside.
Compulsive behavior. Excessive gambling, compulsive shopping and credit card use, computer use, uncontrolled sexual activity alone or with others, excessive reading or any other behavior gone out of control are external expressions of the anger that I harbor silently within me.
Workaholism. Escaping into my work or studies is a convenient outlet with which to avoid dealing with my anger. Because others often reward this behavior, it is a great way to hide my angry feelings, especially if they are negative and either unattractive or unacceptable to me.
Social isolation. Fearing that I will express my anger openly if people provoke me, I find it better to isolate and insulate myself from society. Being socially isolated becomes so comfortable that I choose to be a loner, a recluse, or a hermit never running the risk of interaction with others.
Depression. This takes many forms, including lethargy and exhaustion. It is unresolved anger. Helpers in my support network prescribe "anger work-out" sessions as therapy for my depression and it seems to work for me.
Stubbornness. I am so determined not to let others "get" to me with their negative attitude that I become stuck in my resolve to withhold my emotional responses. I get so stuck that I become unable to ventilate my anger even in role play or imagined anger work-out sessions.
Wearing masks. Rather than let my anger show, I wear a mask in front of those who anger me. I withdraw my true feelings into myself, often permanently hiding them behind my masks so that even I don't know what they are.
Peace at any price. I fear conflicts so that I will do anything to cover the anger and keep the peace. Peace at any price is often my motto. I work hard at keeping my anger and that of others hidden. Unfortunately, this often causes problems; the very conflicts I try to avoid happen anyway, but I am unprepared to handle them honestly and openly.
Shyness. Because I work so hard at avoiding my true feelings (especially the negative ones) I find it painfully difficult to speak with or meet people in groups. I get so used to not speaking that it becomes harder and harder for me to even try.
Stress-related physical illness. Certain physical illnesses are directly related to my inability to confront my anger the moment I feel it. These ailments include high blood pressure, cardiac disease, ulcers, many kinds of cancer, gastro-intestinal diseases, headaches, muscle tension, insomnia, and many others.
Using denial. Because I constantly want life to be happy, pleasant, and more satisfying than it is, I often resort to denial. I deny anger or hostility against those people who hurt, badger, or anger me. I remain unable to resolve my discomfort because my denial blinds me to the causes of it.
Minimizing. It is so much easier to overlook or minimize the impact of negative stimuli in my life than to confront it. However, this attitude misleads people and clouds my priorities. My life gets out of focus and I'm unprepared to deal with reality.
Procrastinating. Rather than confront issues that might result in negative feelings on my part or others, I put off that which needs immediate attention. This just worsens or exacerbates an already difficult situation and eventually ends in deleterious results for me and others. I wind up with the anger plus guilt.
Controlling. I control the situations in my life to avoid the discomfort of being angry. I like to control people and resort to intimidation and manipulation. It isn't honest, but I think everyone will understand why I had to do it when things finally turn out right and we all live happily ever after which really rarely ever happens.
What irrational thinking leads me to withdraw silently in anger?
Avoid conflict at any cost.
Keep peace at any price.
It is better to remain calm and keep the peace than be honest about my anger.
When I am angry, someone always gets hurt, so don't hurt anyone and keep it to myself.
No one really wants to hear how I feel about things.
I never gain by letting others know how I feel, especially negative feelings.
I shouldn't show my anger.
Anger is a bad emotion.
It is a sin to get angry.
Put on a happy face, even if I am not.
Never let others know I am hurting.
The show must go on.
What would people think if they knew how I really felt?
It is better to protect others from my negative feelings so no one gets hurt.
It is a waste to tell others that I am angry.
I will never accomplish a thing in sharing my angry feelings.
Getting angry always ends up getting me into a fight.
I will be punished if I show my anger.
Venting anger is a waste of time and energy.
I'd rather be a loner than get into constant fights, arguments, or disagreements.
I've been hurt badly in the past by sharing my true feelings.
I learned the hard way to let it go, don't deal with it.
No one really wants to know how I feel.
Being silent in my reaction to anger-provoking situations is a sign of maturity, health, and social decorum.
I'd rather see those who anger me be left high and dry. They'll get no reaction from me when they mistreat or abuse me. It is pure revenge for me.
I'd rather spite them than let them know how they hurt me.
Keeping people happy is the best therapy in the world.
Why bother myself with the negative side of life when there is so much I haven't experienced yet?
I'd rather be silent and strong than outspoken and weak.
It is a sign of weakness to show others my anger.
I do more harm by being honest with people; it's better to lie.
It's better to tell a white lie to keep peace and harmony in a relationship.
I should protect others from knowing my ``angry'' side.
Put up a good front. Continue on as if nothing bad has happened.
If I'm quiet long enough they will ignore me, and I'll be able to live a happier life as a result.
What I think and feel is irrelevant and unimportant; I'll keep quiet instead.
Nothing good comes from my speaking up; I'll be quiet in the future.
Why do I tend to silently withdraw in anger?
I usually withdraw silently when I am angered because:
as a child I was rewarded for being "seen and not heard."
I have never seen any benefit from my expressions of anger.
if I ever get angry, I would lose my self-control; I would become obnoxious and offensive.
I don't recognize my anger.
I'm so conditioned to ignore or avoid my true feelings.
I learned early on that anger could mean abuse for me.
anger overwhelms me.
I can't win.
it feels right for me.
I get so embarrassed when I'm emotional.
I want to hide all the more later.
I'm so hurt and upset that all I can do is cry.
I refuse to let others see that they have ``gotten'' to me.
people except me to be happy and carefree.
no one would know how to handle me if I acted differently.
it is safer to keep my feelings to myself.
I don't want to deal with others' reactions.
I can't tell the truth when the truth might hurt someone.
I take responsibility for how others will react to my anger.
I protect others from the negative consequences of anger.
I'd rather exercise control.
I want to keep the peace.
I can't deal with conflict.
others might disagree with me.
no one is looking out for me but me.
I can't trust honesty.
How can I handle my silent anger and improve my life?
By assertively letting others know how I feel.
By letting others be responsible for their own reactions.
Do intensive "anger work-outs'' on each unresolved anger issue.
I need to identify the anger I have silently withheld.
Realize that it is the root of my unhealthy behavior.
Let go of the need to control others.
Take the risk to be honest with others about my true feelings.
Let go of my sense of over-responsibility.
Let those in my life be responsible for their own feelings.
Recognize that I usually end up in conflict and pain by minimizing my feelings.
Be vulnerable with others.
Take the risk of hurt, pain, rejection, and non-approval by being assertive when I am angered.
Recognize that this is my opportunity for personal growth and healing.
Take the risk to be honest when I am angered .
Accept others' responses to my feelings.
Learn what does and doesn't work in letting others know how I feel.
Accept that I am a "liar" when I keep my anger in.
Make a commitment to myself never to lie again.
Take back the power I give others.
Express anger with no fear of retaliation.
Identify what others do to intimidate me.
Regain power and self-control over my own feelings.
Recognize that my shyness and isolation is unhealthy.
Take the risk to join a support group.
Open up freely about the anger in my life.
Write an anger autobiography of my life.
Take each event which has angered me and do an "anger work-out" until all anger is gone.
When I find myself pulling into silent withdrawal, tell myself "stop."
Face my anger honestly and openly.
Give permission to the support people in my life to keep me on track.
Avoid pulling away from my support group when I am angry, hurt, or depressed.
Steps I can take to stop withdrawing when I get angry
Step 1: One step toward learning control over the unhealthy way I handle anger is to rate the 20 behavior patterns described in What are behavioral patterns resulting from my silently withdraw anger? according to how they impact my life. Rate each behavior using a scale of:
1 - no problem
2 - rarely a problem
3 - often a problem
4 - almost always a problem
5 - a daily problem for me
1 2 3 4 5 ( 1) Binging and purging
1 2 3 4 5 ( 2) Escape into alcohol or other drugs
1 2 3 4 5 ( 3) Overeating
1 2 3 4 5 ( 4) Daydreaming
1 2 3 4 5 ( 5) People-pleasing behavior
1 2 3 4 5 ( 6) Entertaining behavior
1 2 3 4 5 ( 7) Pulling-in behavior
1 2 3 4 5 ( 8) Compulsive behavior
1 2 3 4 5 ( 9) Workaholism
1 2 3 4 5 (10) Social isolation
1 2 3 4 5 (11) Depression
1 2 3 4 5 (12) Stubbornness
1 2 3 4 5 (13) Wearing masks
1 2 3 4 5 (14) Peace at any price
1 2 3 4 5 (15) Shyness
1 2 3 4 5 (16) Stress-related physical illness
1 2 3 4 5 (17) Using denial
1 2 3 4 5 (18) Minimizing
1 2 3 4 5 (19) Procrastination
1 2 3 4 5 (20) Controlling
Add up the 20 ratings. If the result is 45 or more, I am definitely bothered by silent withdrawal when I get angry.
I need to answer the following questions in my journal to complete Step 1:
A. Which behavior patterns earned a rate of 3 or more?
B. For each of these highly rated patterns, what events led me to withhold anger and precipitated the behavior pattern?
C. What damages do these unhealthy behavior patterns cause?
D. How could I be healthier, happier, and saner?
E. What unresolved anger is the result of my silent withdrawal? (List each item, if possible.)
F. How successful is my anger work-out on these anger issues?
G. How can I succeed in my anger work-out sessions?
H. What irrational thinking lies at the root of my silent withdrawal?
I. What lessons did I learn in the past (old scripts) that resulted in my pattern of stuffing my anger?
J. What are some other causes of my silent withdrawal in anger?
Step 2: Now I need to confront the fears that result in my withdrawing in anger. To do this, I'll rate the following 20 fears according to how they impact my anger and silent withdrawal. Circle the rating for each fear for its impact on me:
1- never impacts my stuffing anger
2 - sometimes impacts my stuffing anger
3 - often impacts my stuffing anger
4 - always impacts my stuffing anger
1 2 3 4 ( 1) Fear of rejection
1 2 3 4 ( 2) Fear of non-approval
1 2 3 4 ( 3) Fear of conflict
1 2 3 4 ( 4) Fear of being disliked
1 2 3 4 ( 5) Fear of being abused by others
1 2 3 4 ( 6) Fear of the unknown
1 2 3 4 ( 7) Fear of speaking my feelings openly
1 2 3 4 ( 8) Fear of speaking in public
1 2 3 4 ( 9) Fear of being misunderstood
1 2 3 4 (10) Fear of not being accepted for who I am
1 2 3 4 (11) Fear of being ignored
1 2 3 4 (12) Fear of being ridiculed
1 2 3 4 (13) Fear of committing a sin
1 2 3 4 (14) Fear of loss of control
1 2 3 4 (15) Fear of being a bad person for feeling the way I do
1 2 3 4 (16) Fear of losing control, being unable to stop
1 2 3 4 (17) Fear of going insane
1 2 3 4 (18) Fear of being punished
1 2 3 4 (19) Fear of being immature
1 2 3 4 (20) Fear of being a fool
I need to answer the following questions in my journal for each fear I rated 3 or higher:
A. How does this fear control my anger response?
B. How did I learn this fear?
C. How does this fear impact my life?
D. What efforts have I made to reduce the impact of this fear in my life?
E. What irrational thinking underlies this fear?
F. What is the worst possible thing that would happen if I ignored this fear and expressed my anger in an open, assertive way?
G. What new behavior could I develop to overcome this fear?
H. What new self-scripts do I need to rid me of this fear?
I. How would my life change if I got rid of this fear?
J. How would I behave if I no longer had this fear?
After answering these questions for each of the fears to which I gave a 3 or 4 rating, go to Step 3.
Step 3: To overcome my silent withdrawal I now need to try each action suggested in How can I handle my silent anger and improve my life? with each of my fears and/or anger issues. Continue through this list and record the results of each action as it is used with each fear/anger issue. Which actions work best for me? What benefits am I gaining through this work?
Step 4: If after taking each of the actions suggested I still resort to silent withdrawal, then I need to return to Step 1 and begin again.
turned off to other's concern, caring, or nurturing.
blinded by my own self-absorption.
bitter over real or imagined negative treatment I've received from others, past or current.
sour on life.
quick to attack others for their real or imagined faults and failings.
inwardly outraged over the unfairness of life.
quick to believe that nothing good is happening in my life.
unable to see the redeeming graces or features in people, places, or things.
hiding behind a wall or shield, unwilling to allow others into my life.
disagreeable, filled with the "yes, but'' attitude.
ready for a fight or argument.
antagonistic in my attitude towards others.
a bomb ready to be detonated.
setting myself up to be abused, rejected, disapproved, or unloved.
fulfilling the prophecy that "others do not care about me'' by turning them off without giving them a chance.
How does hostility affect my physically? Emotionally?
Hostility can result in physical experiences of:
tightness in my chest.
throbbing in my heart.
warm blush in my face.
profusive sweating.
high blood pressure.
tightness in my jaw.
churning in my stomach.
constipation or diarrhea.
coldness in my hands and/or feet.
tenseness in my forehead.
tension headaches.
pounding in my temples.
profound exhaustion.
Hostility can result in emotional experiences of:
fear and confusion regarding the reactions and opinions of others.
disinterest in the feelings of others.
wanting to have attention drawn to me.
wanting to be given sympathy.
self-pity.
being lost and unclear about the direction my life is taking.
feeling cheated in life.
feeling betrayed, unsupported, and uncared for.
desiring revenge or personal vindication.
being unable to forgive or forget the real or imagined hurts.
lacking generosity or goodwill for others.
needing to protect myself at any price.
wanting to attack before I am attacked.
lacking enthusiasm for personal growth activities.
bitterness about the status of my life, both emotionally and materially.
sense of absolute futility of life.
submitting to negative beliefs, like "life's tough and then you die.''
hopelessness and a bleak outlook for the future.
Why am I hostile?
Hostility is aroused in me when I:
consider all the inequities of life.
realize the perversity of people, business, or politics.
consider the offensive treatment I received in my family of origin.
review all the real or imagined failures in my life.
see wicked people get ahead in life.
perceive that I am being or have been treated unfairly.
find that my efforts toward self-improvement have reached a plateau.
realize that I will need to exert increased efforts to attain my goal.
blame others for keeping me from success in life.
recognize that things over which I have no control prevent me from experiencing the good things in life.
feel coerced, forced, or cajoled into doing something I really don't want to do.
feel like I am being backed into a corner.
realize that I am the target of someone else's efforts to change or alter my behavior.
am reminded of things I've said or asked for in the past, which I no longer believe in or want to pursue.
realize that what others are telling me is correct, but I stubbornly hold onto my negative beliefs because they allow me my self-pity.
am being interrupted in the midst of my "pity party.''
someone challenges my negative or critical viewpoint.
someone offers a more promising, optimistic point of view.
recognize that as a human being I am subject to making mistakes and experiencing failure.
recognize that the human condition brings with it pain, suffering, and death.
realize that I am an imperfect mortal.
can't get others to share my high expectations for work or community performance.
made aware of the tragedy, travails, and hardship we are confronted with daily.
fear that I will never be able to accomplish my lifelong dreams because of things out of my control.
feel cheated because after a life of hard work, honest, and clean living I am suffering a major setback in my life.
recognize that coming from a dysfunctional family got me off on the wrong foot.
am confronted about my backsliding or relapsing by those who care about and support me.
when my personal problems are outlined for me in a behavioral intervention by the people who love me.
experience chronic rejection, disapproval, or disinterest at the hands of those with whom I desire a closer relationship.
see my dreams slipping more and more out of my reach.
realize how unfulfilled and unaccomplished I really am.
see how much more work, energy, and effort I need to exert to attain even a slight degree of personal growth.
am confronted with the need to give up my addictive behavior, i.e., alcohol, drugs, sex, food, gambling, shopping, smoking, etc.
feel lost or out of focus in my life.
feel the song, Is That All There Is, applies to my life.
What irrational beliefs arouse my hostility?
No matter how hard I try, I'll not reach my goals of success and happiness.
Why should I always be the one who is giving, caring, and forgiving, in my life?
I should be rewarded for my good deeds, hard work, and sense of fair play.
I shouldn't have to suffer all this disappointment, pain, and suffering.
The good should always win out over the bad in life.
I should be treated fairly by others in my life.
There isn't anything that I should be unable to overcome in my life.
If I had education, good looks, and money things would come easily for me.
Evil, rotten, and unfair people should have to suffer in life, not me!
There should come a time when I no longer need to exert all this effort and energy to get ahead.
I should be rewarded for all of the suffering, turmoil, tragedy, and misfortune I have experienced.
Others should be supportive of my desire for self-improvement.
I shouldn't have to suffer confrontation when I am backsliding or relapsing. I deserve a break!
Others should treat me gently when they are giving me their support, caring, and nurturing.
There should be no injustice, suffering, or tragedy in life.
I should be able to live the way I want for as long as I can with no pestering from others to change or reform.
No one is going to tell me how to live and enjoy life.
People should do what I say, not what I do.
People should give me what I want, not what I ask for.
Why can't things go my way?
No matter how hard I work and try, I never seem to get ahead.
Life's tough and then you die.
Evil always wins out in the end. The good guy finishes last!
No one would like me the way I really am, so I'll reject them before they reject me.
I should be able to live forever.
I should be able to be successful, rich, and healthy with little or no effort on my part.
I shouldn't have to make sacrifices or experience self-deprivation in order to achieve the things I want.
My parents should have given me a better start in life.
What are the negative effects of my hostility?
Because of my hostility, sarcasm, and cynicism, I find that:
people seek me out infrequently.
it is hard to sustain friendships and close, lasting relationships.
there is less enjoyment in my work, play, and life in general.
I am not sought out to be a support person in someone else's life.
my philosophy of life is open to criticism and attack.
I am a ready target for personal attacks.
I am often misunderstood.
I often feel ignored, invisible.
I lack motivation in my desire for personal growth, recovery, and wellness.
I feel cheated by life and feel a need to get revenge.
I hurt others' feelings, then can't understand why they feel hurt.
I become an open target for abuse, negative confrontation, and criticism from the others in my life.
I tend to seek out others who are at least equally hostile, sarcastic, and cynical to feel good about myself.
I look down on those who are making an honest, concerted effort toward their own self-improvement.
I am caught up in a cycle of self-fulfilling prophecies of self-failure, self-defeat, rejection, disapproval, and lack of personal success.
How can I overcome my hostility?
In order to overcome my hostility, sarcasm, and cynicism, I need to:
rethink my philosophy of life.
make an honest inventory of my behavior toward others.
analyze the effects of my hostile behavior on me and on others.
develop a set of rational beliefs about the realities of being a mortal being in the human condition.
become less "cause'' oriented in my view of life.
recognize that the underdog can be successful if that person takes control of his own life and stop wasting energy blaming others or engaging in self-pity.
give permission to the support people in my life to give me honest feedback and confrontation when I am being unfaithful to my program of recovery.
recognize that I can control only myself and my reactions.
abandon the struggle to control things and people out of my control.
recognize that most of my hostility, sarcasm, and cynicism is a control-related problem, namely my being unwilling to let go of the need to control.
Steps to overcoming hostility, sarcasm, and cynicism
Step 1: To overcome my hostility, sarcasm, and cynicism, I must admit that this is a problem for me. To do this, I need to review the following questions in my journal:
A. Which of the characteristics of hostility, sarcasm, and cynicism apply directly to my behavior?
B. What physical side-effects do I experience when I am hostile?
C. What are the emotional effects of my hostility?
D. What are the negative consequences of my hostility?
E. What irrational beliefs lead to my hostility?
F. What are the causes of my hostility?
G. How big a problem is my current hostility:
(1) on the job?
(2) at home?
(3) in my marriage?
(4) in my friendships?
(5) with my health?
(6) with my ability to gain full personal recovery?
H. What keeps me from accepting my hostility as a problem?
I. What further proof will convince me that hostility is a problem for me?
J. What does the fact of admitting that my hostility is a problem mean about my ability to be honest in my self-assessment?
Step 2: Once I have admitted that hostility is a problem for me, I need to inventory my philosophy of life.
Personal Philosophy of Life
1. My philosophy of life is based on:
2. Are these beliefs irrational? If they are, what rational beliefs could replace them?
My current beliefs:
My replacement beliefs:
3. What "causes'' in the world, the nation and my community do I feel strongly? How do these causes influence my attitude about life? What new strategies could I develop to address these causes? How can I be less hostile, sarcastic, or cynical about life?
4. How can I promote the "underdog'' without feeling the need to take control?
5. What beliefs about controlling the uncontrollable elements of life do I need to develop?
Once I've analyzed this philosophy of life I'll record my new philosophy in my journal.
Step 3: With a new, less hostile, less sarcastic, and less cynical philosophy of life, I need to integrate the new rational beliefs into my emotional responses.
A. How open am I to changing the way I view inequities of life?
B. Am I ready to hand over the responsibility of control to others? How detached from others can I be?
C. What emotional responses would be healthy for me when I see suffering, hurt, pain, and failure in others?
D. When I experience a set back, failure, or loss, what emotional response do I need to evoke in myself to keep from relapsing into my old hostility, sarcasm and cynicism?
E. What other emotional responses could I develop to handle my hostile, sarcastic, or cynical behavior?
Step 4: Once I have integrated the new emotional responses into my belief system I need to change my behavior to reduce my hostility, sarcasm, and cynicism.
A. What new behavior patterns could I develop to reflect my amiable, approving, and confident self?
B. How can I give to my network of supporters permission to confront me when I slip into my old behavior patterns?
C. How can I reinforce the increase and sustaining of these new behaviors? What cues would catch my attention?
D. How can I reflect my new found belief that I must accept that I am unable to control the uncontrollables in life and that this fact is OK with me?
E. How can I measure my success in achieving a change in my hostile behavior?
F. Will people always give me the chance to change from my old, hostile ways? How will patience and understanding help to keep me on track?
G. My amiable, approving, confident behavior will include:
Step 5: Now that I have (a) realized the need for a less hostile philosophy of life and (b) integrated my new emotional responses to reality, and (c) identified a set of new behavior traits to overcome this hostility.
I will assess the status of my hostility, sarcasm, and cynicism. If I still feel the negative effects of hostility, I will return to Step 1, and begin again.
Pessimism and Negativity
How does pessimism and negativity affect my behavior?
When I am negative or pessimistic I:
look at the worst side of a situation.
say what "I'm not'' rather than what "I could be.''
lack the belief that I could change.
lose hope in the future.
take the opposing view in any positive conversation.
am unable to make upbeat or uplifting comments about myself or others.
turn all conversations into griping, complaining, or bitching sessions.
have nothing good to say about myself or others.
complain about the inequities of life.
try nothing new or challenging because I feel that I will fail.
get bitter over how people treat me - now and in the past.
put down new, creative and inventive ideas as impossible.
limit my horizons which results in limiting my personal growth.
take no risks.
challenge those who are looking for the "up'' side of a tragedy, failure, or disaster.
ridicule those who believe in the power and mercy of their "Higher Power.''
ridicule attempts to rectify a dysfunctional situation.
resist altering my way of thinking, because I feel nothing will help or make a difference.
How do I feel when I am pessimistic or negative?
When I'm negative or pessimistic I feel:
lonely, abandoned, and isolated.
worthless, empty, and of no value.
incompetent, ignorant, and useless.
defeated, beaten down, and lost.
betrayed, cheated, and unwanted.
overwhelmed, overpowered, and defenseless.
ignored, invisible, and avoided.
like a wimp, a loser, an outcast.
defiant, rebellious, and attacking.
self-pitying, self-loathing, self-deprecating.
What are the effects of my pessimism and negativity?
As a result of my being pessimistic or negative I:
find people avoid talking to me.
don't enjoy my life and I get depressed when I think about my future.
find it difficult to be a healthy problem solver.
don't accept alternative solutions to problems.
am told that I'm overly critical by my family, co-workers, and friends.
am not a ``fun'' person to be around.
term constructive criticism a "declaration of my worthlessness,'' and I fail to see any value in the criticism.
keep myself locked in a vicious cycle of "put downs,'' and "rejection.''
fulfill the prophecy that "I'll never succeed in anything I try.''
put a huge barrier between myself and others, one that is close to impossible to overcome.
don't open myself up to ideas about life that conflict with my negative beliefs.
am disliked.
enjoy a "yes, but'' mentality.
lose faith in a Power greater than I because of the futility, wretchedness, and misery I see in life.
become rigid, one-sided, and stuck in my ways of interacting with others.
become close-minded, single-minded and narrow in my focus.
What irrational thinking leads me to be pessimistic or negative?
I will never be successful.
I can't do anything right.
People will never change.
No matter how much I change it doesn't make any difference; others don't recognize the changes.
There is no reason to have hope for the future; my past negative experiences tell it all.
If people can critique my changed behavior, then how can I ever be "good enough?''
No matter how much I change it is never enough.
Life should be simpler.
Life should be fair.
Life should be easy.
There is so much wrong in life how can I ever expect anything good to come my way?
There is too much to do to change my life for the better. It's too hard.
All of life is a "sham'' and there is no such thing as happiness, love, or success.
Why fight it? It's always the same: the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.
Nothing in life is certain except for death and taxes; why take a chance and change my life now?
Why can't others change? Why does it have to be me that changes first?
Why can't life be easier on me?
My parents are the reason I am the way I am; nothing will ever change that.
I'll only lose if I take on the challenge to change my life.
People are only nice to me to see what they can get from me.
Trust no one; open up to no one; play if safe and keep to myself.
Nothing in life makes sense except pain, suffering, and misery.
My destiny is predetermined; I'll never be able to change it.
My genetic, hereditary, and environmental beginnings are totally responsible for what I do in life today.
Once I am down, I will always be down.
All people wear masks, and they are not to be trusted - even when they seem to be nice.
What I see is never what it seems so I never get what I see.
"There is a sucker born every minute'' and I am the biggest sucker of them all for believing in the goodness of others and the possibility of change in life.
I was put on earth to die so why try to make more of life than what it is.
I've been treated badly in the past, so why should I expect anything different in the future?
There is nothing new under the sun; why try to change things now?
I will always be disappointed if I believe in the good will of others.
If people loved and supported me, they wouldn't criticize or correct me.
It's always the same: extend my hand in friendship and get it slapped in return.
No matter how good a person I try to be, I always get screwed in the end.
There are the "haves and the have nots.'' I can't change that.
I am what I am and nothing will ever change.
If God loves the human race why does He permit illness, disasters, tragedy, and calamities?
What causes my pessimism and negativity?
I have a tendency toward pessimism and negativity because I:
experienced a major tragedy or loss in my past and I haven't fully grieved and accepted the loss.
have a permanent disability that prevents me from experiencing life to the fullest.
have experienced a series of failures in school, work, family, life, or relationships that have convinced me that I am a failure.
was ignored and still am ignored by my family of origin; I am convinced that I have to fight everyone to get my opinion heard.
feel guilt over a past sin or mistake I made; this guilt blinds me from seeing hope, the promise of redemption, or forgiveness.
would rather attend a "self-pity party'' than eat at life's banquet.
don't want to change my thinking, feeling, and actions.
am stubborn and don't want to accept help when others point out optimistic or positive ways of looking at life.
am lazy and realize that to change will take too much work, energy, and effort.
like to be the center of attention. My current behavior draws a lot of attention to me, even if it is negative.
refuse to consider that I might be wrong by taking on my "causes.''
consider those I come in contact with as stupid, ignorant, or irrational and believe my way is the only way to be.
have never experienced happiness, joy, or contentment; it's impossible for me to attain.
have never felt approval or recognition from the significant people in my life.
am constantly reminded of my faults, shortcomings, failures, and lack of successes.
give others power over me to keep me feeling badly about myself, my life, and the future.
don't take steps to improve my self-esteem and self-worth.
constantly give myself negative self-talk and negative visual imagery.
What can I do to overcome my pessimism and negativity?
To overcome my pessimism and negativity I can:
analyze my behavior with my family, coworkers, friends, and others; I can identify the negative and pessimistic behavior and their impact on me.
admit that my pessimism and negativity is not a productive behavior.
identify the feelings that precede my negative attitude; then those feelings I have after the negativity.
recognize that my emotional life suffers by negative behavior.
watch for the reactions my negativity and pessimism elicits from others.
identify how this behavior blocks my healthy interaction with others.
identify the irrational thinking behind my negativity and pessimism.
develop rational alternatives to the negative thinking.
recognize that unresolved anger that lies at the root of my negativity and begin anger work-out sessions to let go of that anger.
identify the negative self-talk and visual imagery that keep me locked in my negativity.
rewrite and re-script my self-talk and the imagery.
pay attention to me and begin to give myself the approval, recognition, and acceptance I depend on from others.
empower myself to be my own cheerleader.
refuse to give others the power to bring me back to my depression and negativity.
revitalize my spirituality and reconnect with my "Higher Power.''
open myself to the possibility that maybe I was wrong; that life is worth living; that I can make a positive difference by taking control.
make a commitment to reduce my stubbornness and laziness.
begin the hard work of building my self-esteem.
Steps to overcoming pessimism and negativity
Step 1: First I need to read the following story, then answer the questions in my journal:
The Story of the Pessimist and the Optimist
There once was a major research project held at a world renowned university center. The project was to develop operational definitions of a pessimist and of an optimist.
The researchers ran a national contest to identify the most optimistic and pessimistic persons in the country. A little girl won in the pessimist category and a little boy won in the optimist one. The researchers brought these two children to the research center for the final observational portion of the study.
The pessimistic little girl was brought to the research laboratory where, in a large room behind a one-way mirror, she was shown a room full of new toys. She was told that each of the toys she played with over the next thirty minutes were hers. All she needed to do was play with them.
She looked at the research team skeptically as she entered the toy-filled room. What happened that next half hour shocked and stunned the researchers. The girl systematically opened every single box in the room and rejected each of the toys in turn. The researchers heard her say things like: "These aren't new toys.'' "These toys will never work.'' "There are no Harry Potter Toys in here!" "There are no batteries in here to operate these toys.'' "They'll never let me keep these toys.'' "I don't like these cutsey sweetsy dolls.'' "The stuffing is coming out of these animals,'' etc. When the thirty minutes ended the girl left the room toyless. Watching this cheerless, lifeless, sour, bitter child leave the room carrying no toys, the researchers had enough data for the operational definition of a pessimist.
The researchers were worried after the dramatic display of the pessimist thinking, "How will we ever be able to top this.'' They worked quickly on a strategy and finally they brought the optimistic boy to the research lab. In the same room behind a one-way mirror he was shown a roomful of horse manure. He was told only that he would have thirty minutes in the room.
To the amazement of the research team, the boy entered the room and dove into the manure. He threw it all over the place. He was animated, excited, alive, and happy. He kept digging and digging shouting with glee. He was ecstatic. The research team members behind the one-way mirror were eyeing one another with all knowing looks which meant, "Of course we know what an optimist is - an optimist is psychotic.''
After thirty minutes the little boy, who by this time was covered with manure from head to toe, was brought to the head of the research team. The director of the study asked, "Little boy, what was going on in there?''
The boy with hopeful, excited eyes looked up and said, "Madame, with all that horse manure, there just had to be a pony in there somewhere, and I was sure I would find it!''
Questions:
A. With whom do I identify, the girl or the boy?
B. How is my behavior like the girl's? The boy's?
C. What would I have done differently if I had been in the girl's shoes?
D. What would I have done differently if I had been in the boy's shoes?
E. How do I lose out on the free toys of life when they are offered to me?
F. How hard do I look for the pony in my life?
G. How reasonable were the girl's comments about the toys?
H. How do I feel about the set-up by the researchers? In what ways was the girl set-up to fail? In what ways was the boy set up to fail? Who was the winner?
I. How willingly do I accept the good things of life? What do I do when I receive the toys of life such as compliments, reinforcement, recognition, rewards, success, positive strokes, and gifts of love and kindness?
J. How often do I get mired or stuck in the horse manure of life? How often do I seek out the pony? What keeps me from looking for the pony? How afraid am I to be called psychotic or out of touch because I look for the pony?
K. What does this analysis tell me about myself? What part does pessimism and negativity play in my behavioral pattern?
L. I will analyze the components of this story as they relate to my life to help me see how negative or pessimistic I am.
The following items parallel my life:
Story Item Parallel Item in my Life University Research Team Director of Research One-Way Mirror Toys Manure Girl Boy National Contest Operational Definition-Goal of Research
M. How could this story have been different for me? What would I have done differently from the boy, the girl, or the research team?
N. What story in my life parallels this story and indicates my degree of pessimism or optimism?
O. I am pessimistic and I display it in the following ways:
Step 2: I will continue and answer the following questions in my journal:
A. What does my negative and pessimistic behavior look like?
B. How does this behavior make me feel?
C. What are the effects of this behavior?
D. What irrational thinking is behind this behavior?
E. What rational replacement thinking is necessary?
F. What are the underlying causes for this behavior?
G. How could I overcome my negative and pessimistic behavior?
Step 3: Once I've identified how I could overcome my pessimism and negativity, I need to commit myself to a plan. Review the following strategies for the plan:
Strategies to Overcome Negativity
1. Get support from others to remind me when I'm being pessimistic or negative.
2. Look for the pony in everything that happens to me.
3. Accept myself as a human being who might slip back into old, tried and true behavior.
4. Select only positive people with whom to associate.
5. Watch only TV shows and movies that are upbeat.
6. Read only books and novels that reflect the upbeat, positive aspects of life.
7. Join a church and become active in a ministry to those less fortunate.
8. Set aside at least 1% of my net income for charitable donations to people who have permanent, lifelong disabilities.
9. Volunteer to be a big brother or big sister to a lonely child or visit someone in a nursing home.
10. Volunteer four hours a month in a nonprofit agency that helps people less fortunate than myself.
Step 4: After reviewing the ten strategies above, I need to respond to these questions in my journal:
A. How would these strategies help me to become more positive and optimistic?
B. How realistic are each of these strategies for me?
C. How did I feel while reading these ten strategies?
D. How comfortable am I in taking direct action to overcome my problems?
E. What keeps me from doing each of these ten strategies?
F. I will include the following strategies in my plan of action:
Step 5: I have reviewed the steps and the strategies I need to implement a step-by-step plan of action. I'll use the following outline to keep track of my progress.
Outline for Overcoming Pessimism and Negativity
I. Current state of problem:
Toward family
Toward co-workers
Toward friends
Others
II. My feelings about this behavior:
III. Reactions and feedback from others:
Family
Co-workers
Friends
Others
IV. Present Irrational thinking:
V. New thinking model:
VI. Unresolved issues:
Anger
Resentment
Other
VII. Negative thoughts:
Self-talk
Visual imagery
VIII. Replacement thoughts:
Self-talk
Visual imagery
IX. Self esteem activities:
X. Strategies for positive behavior:
XI. Support sought:
From family
From co-workers
From friends
Others
XII. Refocusing of spirituality:
XIII. How to measure behavioral changes:
XIV. Feedback about behavioral changes:
From family
From co-workers
From friends
Others
XV. Analysis of changes
Step 6: I will work on this outline to change my negative behavior. I will analyze the changes. If I find that I am stuck in negative thoughts and actions I will return to Step 1, and begin again.
I will continue to look for the pony life has to offer me.
cry easily, even uncontrollably at times for no apparent reason.
feel sad.
find myself being chronically hostile, pessimistic, or unfriendly.
can be very sarcastic, caustic, or cynical.
find myself going in circles in regard to personal growth, with little hope for success in the future.
deny that I even have anger.
resent suggestions from others to work on my anger.
am confused by what others describe as anger in their lives.
refuse to accept that anger is an important tool for personal growth.
joke about the value of anger in my life.
resist those things that make me feel uncomfortable or ill at ease.
experience physical distress.
feel exhausted, weak, lethargic, or disinterested in life.
am afraid of anger expressed in my presence.
What are blocks to anger?
Blocks to anger can be varied, including :
Fear of rejection. Fear that "if I express anger I will be rejected by others.''
Need for approval. Wanting the approval and recognition from others so much so that I hesitate to ever show my anger around them.
Intimidation. Giving others power over me so great that I fear showing my anger in front of them, lest they get mad and make me pay a costly negative consequence.
Not knowing what normal is. Never having experienced a "normal'' life where anger was expressed in a healthy way inhibits not only my expression of anger but my recognition of it.
Need to keep the peace. Being compulsively driven to placate and appease others, I am never free enough to express my feelings of honest anger.
Desire to please others. Wanting to keep others happy, pleased and relaxed with me, I choose to avoid the expression of anger around them.
Dependency on others. Looking to others for approval and personal fulfillment, I suppress, ignore, and overlook any anger that arises in me as a result of the relationship.
Fear of going crazy. Believing that once I start expressing my anger I'd never stop, consequently I'd be out of control and labeled insane.
Need for control. Believing that all emotions must be continuously kept in check leads me to ignore, avoid, or overlook any anger that I or others in my life are experiencing.
Belief that anger is bad. Since I believe that all expressions of anger are bad, wrong, undesirable, and unhealthy, I believe that the way to be healthy is never to allow myself to get angry.
Naiveté or lack of knowledge. Being sheltered, ignored, pampered, spoiled, or overly coddled can protect me from anger in my life, leading me to believe innocently that there "is never a reason to get angry.''
Guilt. Feeling such severe guilt, remorse, and self-denigration for past expressions of anger inhibits me from identifying, expressing, or experiencing current anger.
Depression. Experiencing a flat affect, lack of interest in life, lack of enthusiasm, or energy, or constant sadness can dull my emotional response to life, leaving me unable to experience or express authentic anger.
Pollyanna outlook on life. Wanting only to look at or remember the "bright'' or "happy'' side inhibits me from tuning into the realities of life, past or present, that deserve my anger.
Fear of conflict or confrontation. Recognizing that if I express my anger, I open myself up for others to disagree with, criticize, or confront me with their anger.
Desire to be a good role model. Believing that anger is unhealthy for our children, subordinates, or work colleagues I choose never to express anger in their presence.
Need to entertain or be humorous. Always wanting to keep others from focusing on the negative aspects of reality leads me to ignore, inhibit, or fail to experience anger.
Lack of clarity about what is authentic anger. Always second guessing whether or not my feelings of anger are valid will eventually leave me in an anger vacuum
Feeling ridiculous. Considering anger work-out exercises to be silly, foolish, or childish will result in my inability to experience the true emotion of anger and its cathartic release during these therapeutic work-out sessions.
Overuse of medication. By addictive drinking, drug use, sex, gambling, food intake, shopping, etc., I can so medicate my emotional response to life that I am unable to recognize or experience authentic anger.
Why would anyone be unable to express anger?
Anger blocks are developed in many ways, including:
living in a dysfunctional family of origin.
being the codependent of a troubled person, one addicted to alcohol, drugs, food, gambling, sex, etc.
experiencing a traumatic life event perceived as being caused by the expression of anger.
getting no positive response to my past expressions of anger.
the resistance to change in life.
the unwillingness to be open to alternative modes of expressing feelings.
a lack of desire to become vulnerable and unmask anger for what it really is.
insecurity in my life, in my relationships, in my family, or at work.
a lack of trust that others will accept me the way I really am.
a sense of inferiority:
my feelings are not important;
I don't deserve to express negative feelings;
I can't say how I feel if I want to be accepted;
I really never know how I feel anyway.
How can blocks to anger be overcome?
Blocks to anger can be overcome by:
self-confrontation as to how I am feeling about the negative aspects of my past and current life.
giving myself permission to take the risk of making a fool of myself by participating in anger work-out activities.
keeping a daily log of my feelings including how my day has been, and recording the negative aspects and my feelings about each one.
role playing an angry confrontation in a caring environment with my support group.
yelling at the top of my lungs to loosen up emotional expression whenever I'm driving.
learning to be assertive.
expressing my negative feelings appropriately to the others in my life.
working on my self-esteem and self-worth so that I believe it is OK for me to be angry.
redefining anger as a necessary tool for my personal growth and improved mental health.
accepting that anger is a necessary step in grieving and accepting the losses in my life.
reminding myself that I deserve the benefits of the expression and resolution of authentic anger.
What steps can be taken to overcome blocks to anger?
Step 1: I need to review What happens when anger is blocked?, then answer the following questions in my journal.
A. How often is my anger blocked?
B. How is my experience of past anger different from my experience of current anger? Is one blocked more than the other? Why?
C. How would my life be different if my anger were no longer blocked?
D. How is overcoming blocked anger important to my happiness?
E. How do I feel about dealing with blocked anger?
F. How free do I feel to pursue overcoming the blocks to my anger? What is holding me back?
Step 2: After exploring the results of blocked anger, I need to review What are blocks to anger? and answer these questions in my journal:
A. What blocks exist for my past anger?
B. What blocks exist for my current anger?
C. Are the blocks identified in questions A and B the same? Different?
(1) If the same: Why and what does this tell me about my personality?
(2) If different: Why and what happened in my life to change the way I deal with anger?
D. Which blocks to my anger could be overcome? Which ones seem impossible to overcome?
E. How willing am I to work at overcoming the difficult or seemingly impossible blocks to my anger?
Step 3: After identifying my blocks to anger, I am ready to speculate on how these blocks came into existence. I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. How was anger dealt with in my family of origin? How did this affect my own expression of anger?
B. How does my behavioral style, developed in my family of origin, influence the way I handle anger? Which blocks to anger are characteristics of my personality style?
C. How have my relationships with troubled persons affected the way I handle anger?
D. How have negative experiences with the expression of anger in the past influenced how I handle anger now?
E. What would happen to my relationships if my blocks to anger disappeared? Example: family members, peers, professional associates, loved ones.
F. What are my greatest fears about unblocking my anger? How do these fears hold me back? How do they keep my anger blocked?
Step 4: Having recognized the sources of my blocks to anger, I am now ready to develop a plan of action to unblock my anger.
Outline for Unblocking Anger
1. Blocks to my anger include:
2. To unblock my anger daily I will:
3. The following "support'' people will help me unblock my anger:
4. My efforts to unblock my anger will be recorded in my journal daily.
5. To measure my success in unblocking my anger I will make the following changes in my personal habits, emotions, and activities.
Step 5: If my anger is still blocked, I will go back to Step 1, and begin again.
Handling Depression
How does my depression manifest itself?
When depressed, I experience:
a loss of enthusiasm for life.
a lack of energy for self-growth.
confusion as to what is the meaning of life for me.
a blue funk.
a lack of excitement or appreciation for my accomplishments in life.
lethargy, tiredness, and exhaustion.
an inordinate desire to sleep.
a flat emotional affect.
boredom with my life, job, family, friends.
the absence of spontaneity or joie de vivre.
a lack of desire to keep on keeping on.
the feeling that the world would be better off if I no longer existed.
the desire to run away or end it all.
the feeling that I am only an observer of life and not involved in it.
a sense of living in slow motion.
a feeling of energy and drive in the midst of a crises, deadline, or tragedy.
tearfulness and weeping for no apparent reason.
loneliness, isolation, a lack of being connected to the others in my life.
apathy, discontent, and a hollow feeling regarding my day to day existence.
What are some causes of my depression?
I feel depressed when I:
have a chemical imbalance, physical or biological, needing medical attention.
have experienced extended time periods of being shut in the house due to seasonal conditions and lack appropriate amounts of sunshine and clean air
experience a failure or loss in life.
hold in my anger.
review my past life and fail to see a meaning or reason for it.
have a conflict, disagreement, or fight with those I either live or work with.
feel guilty over something I have done or said.
have been criticized or found to be lacking.
doubt my ability to be successful.
let myself down by not being as perfect or as accomplished as I would like to be.
face the futility of the human condition.
don't feel approved by someone whose approval I am seeking.
experience a major change in my life.
have accomplished something that has taken much energy and effort, i.e., the birth of child, a marriage, a divorce, landing a new job, graduating from school.
have to deal with death.
experience rejection in a relationship.
sense that I have no control over the negative experiences in my life.
realize that others question my competence, judgment, knowledge, ability, or worth.
doubt my decisions, actions, or accomplishments.
recognize that I am powerless in the face of addictive or compulsive behavioral problems.
am on vacation or have a day off.
experience the "holidays'' (Thanksgiving, Christmas, Hanukkah, New Year's, Valentine's Day, etc.)
continue to respond with the behavioral role pattern I learned in my dysfunctional family.
am ill or disabled.
hear news that has affected others adversely.
realize that my dreams for the future are unrealistic; fantasies with no possibility of ever being accomplished.
am confused over my direction, goals, or priorities in life.
learn something new about life, something which if I had known earlier would have made my life more pleasant or successful.
continue to not know what "normal'' is, have no idea of "normal'' behavior, or "healthy'' behavior.
am unable to connect with people in healthy relationships.
can't identify the reason for my unhappy, sad, or worried feelings.
ignore my need to express anger in a healthy, productive manner.
feel inadequate.
continue to rely on crises, deadlines, or tragedies to overcome my lethargy and lack of energy.
am jealous of those I perceive to have achieved the "ideal'' life.
What irrational beliefs lead me into depression?
I should not make mistakes.
People should automatically recognize my worth and value.
It is wrong for me to show my anger.
It is a sin to be angry at my parents behavior toward me.
I should not disagree with others.
People should accept me the way I am.
My loved ones should not leave me, should not die.
I should not get sick or disabled.
What I do should be done perfectly.
I should be rewarded in life for my hard work and sacrifices.
Things should not change.
I should be happy when I am successful.
The "holiday'' season should be the happiest time of my year.
I should be in control over all aspects of my life.
I work best under pressure.
If you want a thing done, give it to a busy person.
I am unable to avoid the crises in my life.
I should be able to solve problems that come my way.
I am only worthwhile if I accomplish something visibly productive on a daily basis.
I should not consider my current problems or behavior as a reflection of the way I was reared.
My goals in life should be clear.
I should not be suffering today because of the way I was reared.
Relationships should be established and maintained with ease.
Others should know what I need from them without my having to ask; it's perfectly clear.
I should have been more successful, but others held me back.
What are some negative effects of depression?
When I feel depressed I:
find others unwilling to get involved with me, actually avoiding me.
have self-destructive or suicidal thoughts.
escape into unhealthy behavior patterns.
withdraw from life, face my problems passively.
escape into watching TV, reading, daydreaming or other obsessive but passive behavior.
ignore my creativity, imagination, and ingenuity in facing my problems.
procrastinate, feeling overwhelmed by my responsibilities, duties, and tasks.
turn off my positive emotional response to life.
ignore my personal health with poor personal hygiene, no weight control, and lack of proper exercise.
get hooked on the need for the adrenalin rush that comes with a crisis, a deadline, or other pressures, even tragedies to get me through life.
am anxious, nervous, tense, and uptight for no apparent reason.
feel like a loser.
How can I overcome depression?
In order to overcome depression I need to:
recognize that I am depressed.
have a complete physical exam to rule out some other physiological cause for my depression
be willing, under the supervision of an appropriate physician, to use an anti-depressant medication to help me get over the "hump" of my current bout of depression
determine whether the depression is situation specific (related to a current situation in my life) or chronic (a part of my behavior for a long period of time).
identify the causes of my depression.
change my irrational thinking and develop a more realistic perspective.
accept that anger is the basis for my depression, and make a concerted effort to do anger work-out sessions daily to lessen its impact.
realize that depression is a fact of life, that it accompanies loss, grief, and even success.
find a place in my life for relaxation efforts such as self-hypnosis, meditation, and progressive muscle relaxation.
use visual imagery to see my life without depression and put my energy into the pursuit of a positive goal.
develop a crisis prevention, time management, and catastrophic intervention plan of action.
develop a balanced lifestyle with good nutrition, a balanced diet, aerobic exercise, adequate sleep and stress reduction.
work at self-esteem enhancement, self-affirmation, self-reinforcement.
commit myself to a specific plan of action to overcome my depression.
What steps can I take to overcome depression?
Step 1: I will review this chapter, then answer the following questions in my journal:
A. How effectively do I cope with life?
B. How can I recognize depression in my life?
C. What symptoms of depression do I currently experience?
D. What current life situations contribute to my depression?
E. What explanations clarify my chronic state of depression?
F. How does my current situational depression exacerbate my chronic depression?
G. How do I feel about admitting that I am depressed?
H. What hinders my efforts to overcome my depression?
I. What feedback do I get from others that alerts me that depression is a problem for me?
J. How is my depression related to my low self-esteem?
Step 2 Once I have explored the symptoms of depression and admitted that I am depressed, I will attempt to identify the causes. I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. How did life in my family of origin result in my current depression?
B. What losses have I experienced in the last five years to explain my current depression?
C. What successes or achievements in the past five years have I experienced that might explain this current depression?
D. What does my family doctor or psychiatrist say about the physical, biological or chemical contribution to my depression? How do I feel about the need for medication to keep me in chemical balance?
E. What is my family history of depression? Which relatives had depression or had "breakdowns?'' What is my family history of suicide? How do I feel about the concept of having a genetic predisposition to depression?
F. What are the causes for both chronic and situational depression in my life? (Put these in your journal in separate lists.)
G. How does my need for excitement in crises, deadlines, pressures, and tragedy relate to my depression?
Step 3: Once I have identified the causes of my chronic and/or situational depression, I need to identify my irrational beliefs that contribute to my depression. I can work to refocus my thinking. To do this I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. How rational or realistic is my current thinking?
B. What beliefs contribute to my current depression?
C. What is the source of these beliefs?
D. What is the worst thing that could happen if I no longer hold on to these beliefs?
E. What rational beliefs could I substitute to overcome my depression?
Step 4: Once I have begun to rethink and rewrite my irrational beliefs, I need to address the negative effects of depression in my life by answering the following questions in my journal:
A. What effect does my depression have on my relationships? In my marriage? My family? My friends? My co-workers?
B. In what self-destructive behavior do I currently engage?
C. How withdrawn or passive have I become? How can I become more assertive?
D. How does escapism defer my personal growth and happiness?
E. What keeps me from taking control of my time, eliminating procrastination, and facing my depression?
F. What positive aspects of my life do I seem to ignore?
G. How does the condition of my body reflect the state of my depression? What positive steps would improve my physical response to depression?
H. How is my anxiety and tension manifested? How can I reduce its impact on me?
I. How often do I feel like a loser? At what am I a "winner''? How much do I work at being a winner? How deeply can I commit to the following belief: To be a winner in life you only need to be a winner at what you do best and admit that you are a winner.
J. How committed am I to overcoming my depression?
Step 5: Now that I have reviewed the negative impact of depression in my life, I will record my plan of action to overcome my depression.
Action Plan for Overcoming Depression
1. I am depressed.
2. I have the following forms of depression:
(1) Chronic depression:
(2) Situational depression:
3. The causes of my depression are:
(1) Chronic:
(2) Situational:
4. The irrational beliefs that contribute to my depression include:
5. The new beliefs I need to help lessen my depression include:
6. I will work on the following anger to uproot my depression:
(1) Chronic:
(2) Situational:
7. I will perform the following anger work-out activities to reduce my depression:
8. I will use visual imagery daily in the following ways:
9. My plan for a balanced life includes:
(1) nutrition and diet
(2) exercise, aerobic and other
(3) adequate hours of sleep
(4) relaxation activities
10. My plan for building self-esteem includes:
(1) self-affirmation
(2) self-hypnosis
(3) visual imagery
11. I will take the following steps to determine if there is a physical, biological, or chemical basis for my depression:
(1) appointments with family doctor for complete physical exam
(2) lab work as needed
(3) prescriptions as needed
(4) therapy as needed
12. I commit to this plan and will review it on a monthly basis.
Step 6: I will lessen my depression using the tools I have been given. I will assess the status of my depression. If it has not improved, I will go back to Step 1 and begin the steps again.
In the chapters of Tools for Anger Work-Out you will explore the nature of the anger response. You will look at current anger and at unresolved anger issues. You will look at "anger in" and "anger out" responses. You will review the behavior that is enmeshed in these anger response modes.
Anger, hostility, and aggression are often confused with one another. In this book you will learn that anger is a healthy emotion that needs to be expressed freely but therapeutically. Anger is a feeling that needs to be vented by itself without hostility or aggression. No one deserves violent, raging behavior. A direct assertive, thorough angry confrontation is better for everyone involved. We must release the violence of our anger on "safe," inanimate objects. This reduces the hostility and aggression that confuses us and makes us irrational.
Anger work-out is the releasing of our angry feelings through active, emotional provocative techniques. Anger work-out enables us to function assertively and rationally, able to protect our rights when we feel violated.
To handle anger in a healthy, healing way is one goal of this author. I have developed strategies to channel anger into healthy, productive behavior.
Best of luck in your anger work-out. Forgiving and forgetting is possible through therapeutic anger work out.
The ANGER System
The Anger System - for anger workout and emotional release
As you progress in your recovery from the behavioral consequences of low self-esteem, you will need to deal with the powerful emotion of anger. Tools for Anger Work-Out by Jim Messina, Ph.D. contains a variety of strategies for working out the different faces of anger. It is important to use all of these tools during your recovery process. It is important to recognize the course of the anger cycle so you can use the SEA's ANGER workout system to escape this cycle.
The typical unhealthy anger cycle is:
When you express anger in your old "sick'' way, the automatic natural response is guilt for hurting the feelings of the person. You immediately feel remorse. You then suppress the anger. However, you still feel resentment over the real or perceived stimulus which prompted your anger. If you are again irritated by this or a similar stimuli, you will express anger again. It is not useful in your recovery process to express your anger directly on people in the old "sick'' way which keeps you trapped in the anger cycle. For this reason, use the ANGER workout system when you get angry.
A - Accept
N - Name
G - Get It Out
E - Energize
R - Resume
A - Accept
First, you need to accept that what you are feeling is anger. There is often a tendency to deny this powerful emotion because your experience with anger in the past has been painful, hurtful, or disastrous. Don't deny your anger. Face it head on for what it is.
N - Name
Second, you need to name and identify what is getting you so angry. You need to name what it is about the stimulus which is triggering your response. Analyze and think out what is going on to get you angry. You need to identify not only the current anger but also the old unresolved anger that the stimulus may be provoking.
G - Get It Out
Third, you now need to get it out of your system by expressive emotional release of anger workout. Get yourself in a private place (if you can) to use one of the following activities to aggressively ventilate you anger on inanimate objects rather than on people:
Yelling in your head silently
Yelling in a car with windows closed
Yelling in a room away from others
Yelling into a paper bag or pillow
Beating on pillows, cushions, or mattress
Hitting a punching bag, weight bag
Screaming in a vacant field or lot
Screaming with a towel in your mouth
Ripping a telephone book, newspaper, or catalogue
E - Energize
Fourth, once you have aggressively ventilated and experienced emotional release of the anger, you will energize yourself to feel calmer, more relaxed, less anxious, less tense, or less stressed.
R - Resume
Fifth, once you are energized, resume your involvement with the person who was the stimulus of the anger and assertively confront the person with how you feel in a calm, cool, rational manner.
What are the two types of anger? Anger In: This is feeling angry but directing it toward oneself, or inwardly directed anger. It is depression or suppressed hostility.
Anger Out: This is feeling angry and directing it toward other persons or things, or outwardly directed anger. It is the showing of repressed hostility and resentment.
What is the anger cycle?
The open expression of anger out by one person on another person is almost always followed with guilt. Immediately the person may feel some elation for having "gotten it out" but the frequent normal response is guilt. Guilt then will lead to remorse that the person had been so hard or mean to the person upon whom the anger was vented. This remorse will function like a "self-checking" device and result in the anger being held in so that the anger becomes "anger in", which can lead to depression. This "anger in" over time will lead to resentment towards the original person towards whom the open anger expression was delivered. If this person down the road begin to irritate the "angry person" over time the anger person will not hold in any more and express anger out all over again. Leading to a repeat of the anger cycle of guilt, remorse, anger in, resentment, irritation and anger out expression. This is a maladaptive model of handling anger.
How does anger differ from hostility and aggression?
A. Anger refers to an emotional state consisting of feelings that vary in intensity from mild irritation or annoyance to intense fury and rage.
B. Hostility refers to an emotional state involving angry feelings that result in a complex set of attitudes. These attitudes motivate aggressive behavior directed at people or things.
C. Aggression refers to a set of behavior traits directed at destroying objects and injuring or punishing people.
What feelings are felt during an expression of anger?
Fear, rage, wanting to make it better, upset, emotional release, sick, physically ill, displaced or misdirected attack, apprehensive, sad, hurt, offended, frustration, lack of feeling, revengeful, embarrassed, shaky, wanting to make it better, guilty, tense, uncomfortable, scared, "flight or fight'' stress response, loss of composure, "normal''
What are some common ways of dealing with anger?
Repression experiencing but immediately forgetting or stuffing the anger Nonfeeling never even identifying the feelings or sensation of being angry Displacement getting angry at a person or thing when something or someone else is the actual target of the anger Controlling holding in the emotional storm of the anger Suppression experiencing the anger but holding it in with no expression of it Quiet crying suppressed anger with no verbal or physical cathartic process; this stifles the emotion of anger and changes it to sadness and pain Assertive confrontation a direct response of how I feel about the person or thing that angered me Overreaction fury or rage at something or someone who perhaps does not deserve such a reaction.
What is the anger reaction to loss in a dysfunctional family?
Anger at having to strive so hard and to be so good.
Anger at living in a family that needs so much and gives back so little.
Anger at parents for being so critical and irritable when one is trying so hard.
Anger at self for constantly discounting one's own needs and selling out to other's demands.
Anger at parents for not caring about me.
Anger at a troubled person in the family for engaging in a dependency behavior.
Anger at family members who conspire to belittle and manipulate the troubled person.
Anger at self for causing a problem for self and others.
How is anger often dealt with in a dysfunctional family?
To maintain a "good'' son or daughter image one must not show anger toward parents but must bury the feelings (anger in), which feeds guilt and depression.
Anger leads to feelings of inadequacy that lead to a belief that "I never do good enough.'' This leads to resentment that leads to more buried feelings, resulting in guilt and depression.
Intense anger at self and others can become frozen into a chronic attitude of hostility.
Submerged anger leads to being vigilant for any attacks (real or perceived) on self. This provides a stimulus to draw the anger feelings to the surface, resulting in overreaction "Your anger in this situation is disproportionate to the importance of the event.''
Self-hatred leads to turning off feelings, which can lead to projection and blaming others for the problems.
Anger leads to rage that leads to severe punishing of the troubled person or other family members.
What are some ways to redefine anger?
Anger is a signal that things are not going our way.
Anger is a motivator for us to change things or to rectify them.
Unresolved anger is a block to our emotional growth.
Anger is a sign that we must take an assertive stance to tune into how we are feeling and why we are feeling that way.
Anger is directly related to our thoughts. If we have angry thoughts we will become angry. However, if we don't have angry thoughts, we won't become angry.
Depression is anger that has been suppressed.
A hostile attitude is often the sign of an individual with chronic, unresolved anger who expresses the anger in passive and/or aggressive ways.
Aggressive anger, which is verbal or physical, only intensifies one's anger once it begins to be expressed.
Catharsis of anger, which is the ventilation of anger, usually leads to an increase in anger, and the expression of the anger usually intensifies.
Anger is usually related to me and my reaction to something or someone. It is controllable by teaching myself new ways to handle the "anger provoking'' situations, events, or people.
My angry reaction to a "current situation'' may be because the situation is a "trigger event,'' one that drags up "old'' anger that has never been resolved.
Anger can be turned into a source of strength to change my ways of acting and reacting to situations, events, or people.
Ventilating anger directly on people is aggressive behavior and typically benefits no one. I usually feel guilt, shame, or greater anger after such ventilation, and whatever provoked my anger usually doesn't change.
Harnessing anger into a productive force in my life will assist my emotional growth.
What can I do with anger?
Face the anger for what it is and don't avoid it.
Identify the feelings at the root of the anger or depression.
Use "I statements'' to express the feelings of anger.
Identify the guilt, resentment, rage, fear, embarrassment, depression involved in this anger.
Confront the issues that stimulate the anger. Analyze them for what they are: stimuli drawing on deepseated subconscious feelings of anger that indicate unresolved emotional blocks from my past.
Use imagery, role playing, an empty chair, or other object to confront past hurts and pains; express the submerged feelings that come out as I deal with this anger.
Inform people in my current life of my need to analyze my anger responses; seek their assistance and understanding in this exploration process.
If my current anger is not the result of efforts to uncover submerged feelings of old anger, then treat the current anger with rational "I'' statements: "I feel angry because ?''
What are some steps to take in handling current anger?
Step 1: Relax yourself by using deep, natural breathing and muscle relaxation.
Take deep breaths and silently repeat the words "relax'' until you are able to calm down.
Do not say or do anything until you are calmed down.
Avoid words or actions in the "heat'' of the moment.
Step 2: Recognize what arouses or provokes your anger:
Is it a situation, an event, a person?
Is it real or imagined?
Step 3: Use a rational approach to "rethink,'' "reframe,'' and reason in your mind what is going on and why you are angry.
Is this a trigger event bringing up old unresolved anger or resentment in me?
How is what is happening to provoke my anger a product of my past?
What is really getting me angry?
Maybe this person provoking my anger is having a bad day or needs more of my understanding.
How am I feeling about this?
What needs to be changed here?
What alternatives could I use to get the best results in handling this situation?
Step 4: Once you have a "clearer'' idea of what is going on, take steps to change the situation that is provoking the anger.
Use "I'' statements. "I feel angry when you do...."
Clarify your feelings about the situation.
Point out issues needing clarity.
Relate to the person how what is happening now is triggering feelings from your past.
Identify the unresolved anger, resentment, hostility, or depression and work on it.
Inject some humor into the situation to defuse the anger or hostility.
What are some constructive ways to perform a "healthy anger work-out"
Anger work-out refers to a healthy and full expression of anger on inanimate objects; not on people so as to rid myself of hostility and aggression aroused by my anger. Each of the following techniques could be used alone or in any combination.
beating on pillows
beating on a mattress
stomping on floor
beating a bed with tennis or racquetball racket
beating a rug with a stick
hitting a weight bag or punching bag
physical exertion, i.e., playing racquetball, tennis, hand ball, etc.
yelling in a car with windows closed
yelling in a paper bag
ripping up a telephone book or newspapers
hammering nails in a board
games in an amusement park that require pounding
throwing soft objects
beating a pillow or bed with a foam or plastic bat
karate or judo practice
beating drums
loud yelling
screaming at a concert or sports event
screaming in a vacant field or park
using a shovel to dig holes in the dirt
hitting balls or stones with a baseball bat
hitting a ball against a wall with racket or hand
bowling to hit all the pins down
writing a letter of anger, but ripping it up the next day - not mailing it
expressing feelings by writing in a journal
wringing a wet towel
using a hammer to smash glass in a bag
kneading bread or play dough
What are some steps to work out unresolved anger to resolve past issues?
In handling a "current'' anger situation you may have come upon a "trigger'' event that brings up past feelings of hurt, pain, resentment, hostility, or anger. The trigger event is not what you are actually reacting to, but rather it is the past situation, (one that went unresolved) to which you are reacting.
The following steps will assist you in working out this unresolved anger:
Step 1. Take a pillow or cushion and go alone to your bedroom or to a quiet location.
Step 2. Position yourself so that you are kneeling in front of the pillow or cushion, which is either on a bed, a chair or the floor.
Step 3. Begin to visualize a scene or series of scenes surrounding the situation, event, or person with which you have unresolved anger.
Step 4. As you are visualizing the scene, begin to pound your pillow and yell out how you "feel'' about the situation, event, or person. Yell your guts out!
Step 5. Continue pounding the pillow and letting out your feelings until you feel satiated.
Step 6. At this point begin to use your reason and rationality to reframe or restate the situation. Begin to allow yourself to forgive those situations, events, or persons for what happened to you. Do not proceed to the next step until you can come to a "healing'' of your spirit at this point.
If you are stuck, repeat Steps 3 and 4.
Step 7. Once you feel as if you have been able to forgive and you feel healing beginning, write down what it was that made the reframed or restated situation have less blame and thus be able to be forgiven.
Step 8. If person(s) involved in the unresolved anger situation are still available (alive) and capable of communicating on a healing, non-blaming, feeling level, share your resolution with them and let the forgiveness and healing become alive.
If the person(s) involved are unavailable, let the forgiveness and healing take hold in your heart.
Step 9. If in the future a trigger event brings up this same unresolved anger, repeat Steps one through eight. For some unresolved anger situations, you may need to repeat these steps many, many times.
Steps to improving your Anger Work-Outs
Step 1: In order to improve my ability to work anger out of my life, I first need to assess my understanding of anger. To do this I will answer the following questions in my journal:
A. What is my definition of anger?
B. What usually makes me angry?
C. Who usually makes me angry?
D. What "hot buttons'' are likely to arouse my anger?
E. How do I usually express my anger?
F. How healthy is my expression of anger?
G. How do I feel when I am in the midst of expressing anger?
H. How do I feel after I have expressed my anger?
I. What are the benefits of my openly expressing anger?
J. What inhibits my ability to express anger?
K. How do others react to my open expression of anger?
L. What negative results occur from my expression of anger?
M. What is the positive outcome of my expression of anger?
N. Where are my problems with anger rooted?
O. How can I recognize my anger and then express it in a healthy way?
Step 2: Once I've analyzed current anger in my life, I need to recognize past, unresolved anger by answering the following questions:
P. What anger issues in my life remain unresolved?
Q. Who are the people with whom I still have unresolved anger?
R. What events continue to conjure up anger for me today?
S. What attempts have I made to work on my unresolved anger?
T. How can I free myself up to work on my unresolved anger?
U. What inhibits me about anger work-out on my unresolved issues?
V. How can I forgive, forget, and heal the past anger?
W. In reading the following piece written by Robert Muller, the former Assistant Secretary General of the United Nations, I feel I am ready to do anger work-out on both current and unresolved past issues.
Decide to Forgive
by Robert Muller
Decide to forgive
For resentment is negative
Resentment is poisonous and devours the self
Be the first to forgive, to smile and to take the first step,
And you will see happiness bloom
On the face of your human brother or sister.
Be always the first
Do not wait for others to forgive.
For by forgiving,
You become the master of fate,
The fashioner of life, the doer of miracles.
To forgive is the highest,
Most beautiful form of love.
In return you will receive
Untold peace and happiness.
Here is the program for achieving a truly forgiving heart:
Sunday: Forgive yourself
Monday: Forgive your family.
Tuesday: Forgive your friends and associates.
Wednesday: Forgive across economic lines within your own nation.
Thursday: Forgive across cultural lines within your own nations.
Friday: Forgive across political lines within your own nation.
Saturday: Forgive other nations.
Only the brave know how to forgive.
A coward never forgives. It is not in his nature.
Step 3: I will use the anger work-out for all current anger events.
Step 4: I will use anger work-out for all past, unresolved anger issues.
Step 5: I will use the following anger work-out activities for a minimum of fifteen minutes daily. To relieve my built up feelings of anger.
My anger work-out tasks will include:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Step 6: If I still have unresolved anger, I will return to Step 1, and begin again.
SPEAK UP!
Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don't matter, and those who matter don't mind. - Dr. Suess
I cdnuolt blveiee taht I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd waht I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor! of the hmuan mnid, aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh? yaeh and I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!!
SPEAK UP!
Be who you are and say what you feel, because those who mind don't matter, and those who matter don't mind. - Dr. Suess
<snip> We kiss and cuddle but nothing else. He says his
morals get in the way of doing anything else right now and I am
trying to understand, but it is not easy to do. I have been
searching the web for somewhere to talk to someone about these issues
and dont know where to turn, hope this is where I can talk about
things. Please someone respond.
I'll respond though I'm not sure what to say, I just know it's nice to know
someone is listening.
If you caught my last post, it's easy to see I'm a co-dependent romance addict.
I once thought I would be happy if I could just choose Mr. Right carefully
enough. Nine or so Mr. Wrongs later, I finally know it wasn't them, it's about
my relationship with myself. However, my hormones or inner 13 year old or
something apparently still need more convincing!
Try to be patient and I hope you two have a good therapist you can learn from.
Nicole
--
The truth will set you free. But first, it will piss you off.
--Gloria Steinem
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[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Questions Frequently Asked About Abusers & Treatment
Based on "What You Should Know About Your Abusive Partner", a pamphlet from
the Washington State Department of Social and Health Services reprinted from
Massachusetts.
WHAT MOTIVATES ABUSERS TO SEEK TREATMENT?
A man/woman may enter treatment after his/her partner has left, threatened
to leave, or obtained a protection order against him/her. In other cases, the
court may have required him/her to attend treatment. Unfortunately, it is
often true that a man or woman comes for counseling only because it makes
him/her look good and convinces his/her partner to take him/her back.
CAN HE/SHE REALLY CHANGE?
Yes, but progress will depend on the abuser recognizing that he/she has a
problem and his/her willingness to work hard on it for a long time - without
expecting rewards or support from you for his/her efforts. Change does not occur
overnight, if it occurs at all, and many men/women drop out along the way.
Long-term improvement in behavior is more likely for a man or woman who
completes a full year's program, but even completion is no guarantee; men and
women may continue to be violent and controlling after treatment. Many
batterers say that it was only after their partners left, got a protection
order, or
criminal charges were filed that they realized the seriousness of their
violence.
IF HE/SHE IS SORRY, WILL HE/SHE CHANGE?
It is common for an abusive man/woman to be apologetic after being abusive.
But this does not mean he/she will stop. In fact, many abusers have a
repeated cycle with a stage of increasing abusiveness, then a verbal blowup or
incident of violence, and then a period of regret and attempts to make up.
He/she may make promises and apologize to get you to take him/her back, to drop
a
protection order, or to not cooperate with the prosecutor. This remorseful
stage is just another tactic of his/her abuse and control of you, and does
not lead to any lasting changes.
IS HE/SHE VIOLENT BECAUSE HE/SHE DRINKS?
Alcohol does not cause a man or woman to be abusive; it just gives him/her a
convenient excuse. If he/she is violent and also abuses alcohol, then
he/she has two problems to take care of. Within days of getting off alcohol, a
substance-abusing batterer typically has a period of improved behavior, and
then
heads back to old abusive ways. He/she may use his/her sobriety to
manipulate you. Although violence and substance abuse are two separate
problems, a
substance-abusing batterer is often particularly dangerous. He/she will have
to be clean and sober in order to make any meaningful progress to his/her
abusive problem.
SHOULD WE TRY COUPLES' COUNSELING?
No. Couples' counseling allows him/her to stay focused on his/her
criticisms of you, instead of dealing with his/her own problems. He/She may
even
retaliate against you physically or verbally for what you say to the
counselor.
You may also be put under pressure to give up certain things that are
important to you in return for him/her giving up the abuse. Abuse is a problem
in
the abuser, not a problem in the relationship. For all these reasons, a an
abuser should not be in couples' counseling while he/she is attending
treatment. Couples' counseling may be helpful to you in working on other
problems,
after he/she has stopped using violence or intimidation for at lest 6 months,
and is consistently treating you better.
WHAT HAPPENS IN TREATMENT?
In the state of Washington, batterers' treatment programs must be certified
by the state. Such programs are expected to meet a number of requirements.
In a nutshell, the treatment goal is to increase your safety by holding the
abuser accountable for his/her violence an for taking responsibility for
changing his/her behavior. The program is one year long. For a minimum of six
months, he/she will meet with a group of other men/women once a week. Then
he/she will attend a session at least once a month for six months.
WHAT IS MY ROLE?
The treatment program will contact you as part of assessing how they can
help you (and your children) get safe and how they can best work with the
abuser. They contact you as soon as possible after he/she joins the program,
and
then periodically thereafter. They do not tell your abuser anything you say
unless they have your permission. In addition to their calls to you, you are
also free to contact the treatment provider any time for an update on
his/her participation in the program. Remember though, that you are the best
judge
of his/her progress. The abuser is told not to discuss your contact with
the treatment providers, except to tell you that they will be calling. He/She
is not allowed to try to influence what you tell the treatment providers, or
to ask you questions afterwards about it. He/She is not to be present while
they talk to you. He/She is free to discuss is own sessions if he/she wishes.
While the abuser attends treatment, it is not your role to give him/her
emotional or financial support. In fact, while in the program, he/she must
take
responsibility for the abuse. You have the right to decide to limit or
eliminate contact with him/her for any length of time if you choose to do so.
SHOULD I STAY WITH HIM/HER?
Your first consideration should be safety for you and your children. You
are encouraged to get support for yourself, if it is safe to do so, through
your local program for abused men or women. He/She may pressure you to stay
with him/her while he/she attends treatment; this is a tactic of abuse and
control, designed to keep you from making up your own mind. If he/she is
serious
about changing, he/she will respect your wishes about the relationship.
HOW DO I KNOW IF HE/SHE IS CHANGING?
You are the best judge of whether he/she is changing or not. Trust your gut
feelings regardless of other signs. Some of the things to look for are:
Has he/she completely stopped saying and doing things that frighten you?
Can you express anger in a healthy manner toward him/her without being
punished for it?
Does it feel safe to bring up topics that may upset him/her?
Can he/she listen to your opinion and respect it even when he/she disagrees?
Does he/she respect your wishes about sex and physical contact?
Has he/she stopped expecting you to do things for him/her?
Can you spend time with friends without afraid that he/she will retaliate?
Can you do other things that are important to you, like go to school or get a
job?
Are comfortable with they way he/she interacts with the children? Do you
feel safe leaving them alone with him/her?
Is he/she being supportive and giving compliments? Does he/she listen to
you?
Does he/she do his or her share of housework and childcare?
Some signs he/she is not changing:
Does he/she use his or her treatment against you in any way?
Does he/she tell you that you are abusive? (in some unions both parties are
indeed abusive, yet, if this be the case then each should be focused on fixing
his/her own behavior).
Is he/she pressuring you to go to couples' counseling for the two of you?
Does he/she tell you that you owe him/her another chance? Does he/she say
he/she can't change without your support?
Does he/she try to get you or the children to feel sorry for him/her?
Do you have to keep after him/her to attend his/her treatment sessions or to
stay in a program? Make the appointments for him/her? Pay the counseling
bills for him/her? Etc.
Is he/she making his/her abuse sound like a lot less than it really is when
he/she talks about in the treatment group? (You can ask his/her counselors
to describe to you what he/she is reporting.)
Does he/she expect something in return from you for the fact that he/she is
attending treatment?
Is he/she pressuring you to make up you mind about the relationship or to
move back in together?
Is he/she pressuring you to drop your protection order?
SPEAK UP!
Be who you are and say what you feel,
because those who mind don't matter,
and those who matter don't mind.
- Dr. Suess
Yahoo! Groups: End_Verbal_Abuse Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse)
Yahoo! Groups: CoDependents Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents)
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
How to be Unhappy!
Taken from drirene.com
Let's add to this neat list! Email your choice tidbit to _tidbit@..._
(mailto:tidbit@...) ! Please let me know if you want your name,
initials, email, or no credit, if your phrase is added. Here's my addition:
Don't
say what you mean. Don't mean what you say. Whatever you say, say it with
anger. (Dr. Irene)
Inspired by a phrase GS tacked onto the bottom of the Unhappy list: "Say
what you mean. Mean what you say. Whatever you say, say it with love." (The
Moody Blues).
Make little things bother you. Don't just let them, MAKE them.
Lose your perspective on things and keep it lost: don't put first things
first.
Get yourself a good worry, one about which you cannot do anything.
Be a perfectionist, which means not that you work hard to do your best, but
that you condemn yourself and others for not achieving perfection.
Be right. Be always right. Be the only one who is always right, and be rigid
in your rightness.
Don't trust or believe people, or accept them at anything but their worst
and weakest. Be suspicious. Insist that others always have hidden motives.
Always compare yourself unfavorably to others. This guarantees instant
misery.
Take personally everything that happens to you.
Don't give yourself wholeheartedly to anyone or anything.
Get rid of your sense of humor. Life is very serious and you should take
yourself seriously. (Gail)
Two words: self-pity and lots of it. The whole world is definitely against
you. (Gail)
Cultivate bad, addictive habits in yourself. Drink a lot. Smoke a lot. Eat
a lot. (Gail)
Go silent whenever someone sparks up a conversation that you don't know
about. Make sure to fidget, squirm, roll your eyes and bite your nails to the
quick. Quickly change the subject at the first opportunity. (Nancy A Cara Sager)
Always build yourself up at the expense of others. Say things like "I
could've told you that." (Nancy A Cara Sager)
You have the power to change other human beings. (Tammy McQuillan)
All people other than yourself are broken and You can fix them since you
have Godly power. (Tammy McQuillan)
You can fix another person, but you can't do squat about yourself. (Tammy
McQuillan)
Become irresistibly attracted to people who will never be there for you, on
any level, ever.... (Sarah)
Never say "I'm sorry." (Nancy A Cara Sager)
Make sure you take things people say to you as an insult, and let them know
it - especially if you know they didn't mean it that way! (A. M. W.).
Ask for help from somebody who is unsuccessful 4 weeks before the most
important exam of your life and then believe them when they say, "Nobody ever
passes that exam" (PGM)
Remember every little wrong that has ever been done to you, real or
imagined. Gather those bad feelings & put them in a bag - it will be a large
and
heavy package. Then drag that bag behind you everywhere you go for the rest of
your life. It is your ticket to unhappiness and your proof of how right you
are about everything! (TC)
Scrutinize your partner's path with God and tell them what you see that they
are doing wrong. After all, God talks to you, therefore you know what is
best for others where God is concerned. (Viv)
Make sure you vocalize your unhappiness to your loved ones, every day!
Share the wealth, take them with you! (Viv)
Say mean, hateful things about other people when they aren't around, but be
nice to them when they are. Be sure no one except your partner hears the
words you speak. (Viv)
Tell your partner how much you can't wait to get rid of them and remove them
from your life. The next day, tell that same person how much you love them
and how lucky you feel having being able to share your life with them. (Viv)
Yell, scream, and belittle your partner until they cry. Then smugly proclaim
what a baby they are. (Tami)
Surround yourself with misogynistic alcoholics who cannot maintain a
relationship. (Brigette C. Pepe)
"Don't ever let yourself feel pain or fear or sorrow. Instead, turn it
instantly into anger, and then make sure to let your partner see that anger."
(M.T.)
"Always remember that if your partner loves you, he or she can read your
mind. There is never a need to share openly with them how you feel." (M.T.)
"Keep careful track of everything you do for your partner, and vice-versa.
Remember, the person with the highest score loves the other the most. Be sure
to keep your partner appraised of the score - especially when you are ahead."
(M.T.)
"Believe every single negative thing anyone ever says about you. Forget
about anything positive - they were obviously wrong!" (M.T.)
"Don't waste your time trying to better yourself. People that love you will
obviously put up with anything you want to do. Instead, work diligently to
change others - that is much more fun." (M.T.)
"Admitting you have a problem is the first, and a huge, step towards
recovery. Be proud that you have the wonderful insight and honesty to admit you
have
a problem and stop right there. That should be plenty of work for anyone!"
(M.T.)
"Surround yourself with only people that agree with everything you say. The
last thing you need is contradictory opinions!" (M.T.)
"Don't think about your own flaws much at all - this only causes problems.
After all, ignorance is bliss." (M.T.)
"Dwell on your flaws all the time. Never miss a chance to remind yourself
that you are an imperfect person." (M.T.)
"Remember, home is where you can let your hair down and relax. No need to be
polite and put your best foot forward at home. Save your best for the
outside world." (M.T.)
M.T writes: That only took a few minutes! That can't be good! ha ha Too bad
that spotting negative behavior is oh so much easier than ridding oneself of
it. Thanks MT! Dr. I
Refuse to be responsible. Let others, especially your wealthy parents,
support you financially. That way it doesn't matter if you can't hold a job,
can't
get a credit card, can't get a checking account or can't balance a checkbook
if you do somehow get one! (Marji)
Go to work, and make up horrible things about your partner. When they give
you advice on your lies, believe it. Pattern your behavior around it. Sunshine
:o)
Get advice on your relationship from a family member who has repeatedly
abused and abandoned you in the past. Sunshine :o)
Get angry when you are worried about your partner leaving, and then yell,
scream, accuse and abuse them so they know how much they mean to you. Sunshine
:o)
Go to jail for domestic violence on your Anniversary, Thanksgiving and
Christmas in the same year, and then tell everyone how much YOU hate holidays.
Sunshine :o) :)
Stop yelling and being angry all the time, because your wife is wise to it
and has learned how to stop it. Instead, sigh and moan and groan constantly
when near her so she can't help but notice you now that you're being such a
great guy. (Debi G.)
Make sure to put your wife into no win situations often, especially in front
of the kids. That way, no matter how she acts or reacts, she will look bad.
As a result, you look like the good guy. (Debi G.)
Spend as much time working as possible, since those are the people who
admire you the most. Then, when you're home, remind your family about how
loved
you are at work. Remind them frequently that something must be wrong with all
of them--everyone at work thinks you're the best. (Debi G.)
Tell your kids often how they could be the best athlete, best student, best
everything if they would just work out, or study, or do everything just like
you. And when they don't do as you advise them, tell them what losers they
are and will be. (Debi G.)
If you get angry about something be sure not to talk about the problem and
to clear it up. Instead be vague and insist that there is no point in
discussing it as it has been discussed a million times before but carry on
about it
and make sure it remains a problem. (a)
Remember you are perfect. It is always the other person’s fault. (a)
Abuse with an Excuse: "I Did It Because I Love You". (Wendy Russell)
Always remember...when expressing sorrow for having hurt the one you
love...do so by also explaining that had it NOT been for THEM...you COULD
never...you WOULD never have committed such a horrendous act. Frequent use of
this
method will not only guarantee your unhappiness as before long.....your spouse
will start to respond! Indeed! Misery loves company so use this one to your
advantage. Soon.....no one will find reason to smile! :o) or is that
:o( (Wendy Russell)
Always remember...words without actions are meaningless, therefore...strive
to ensure continued contradictions between the two. An increased state of
confusion also increases the chances of UNhappiness. It may take some time but
nothing worth having comes withOUT a price! (Wendy Russell)
If your spouse repeatedly attempts to explain the she's feeling alone,
neglected, frightened, abandoned, ignored or dismissed entirely...take a few
moments to demonstrate how much you REALLY care by either: nodding your head,
walking away, grunting or MY personal favourite, by falling asleep. If she
responds with anger and frustration or God forbid, she indicates that she's
feeling deeply hurt.......express further concern by acknowledging that she
clearly needs SOMEone to talk to. If you truly love her, offer to find her a
good
therapist. If after years of dealing with her constant expectations, her
continued demands that if nothing else she deserves even a little
respect...leave her...she's a b&%ch! (Sorry Dr. I. - Couldn't resist) (Wendy
Russell)
Always remember...you can repeat the SAME promise over and over and over
again but ONLY if you continually break the initial promise. If confronted
with
this dilemma...never forget...it's not YOUR fault that someone ELSE'S
behaviour compels YOU to act in ways that constantly force YOU to apologize.
This
one is fun as it allows you...the one who repeatedly breaks promises...to
demonstrate not only how intelligent you are but how incredibly righteous you
are as well. WOW! You DO have a purpose!!! (Wendy Russell)
" Be an emotional martyr! Wear a fake smile and never need help from anyone!
That way you can feel justifiably angry when people think that you never
experience any 'real problems'. Then one fine day, when you feel ready to
spread
your vitriol, unload your tales of woe on somebody who looks too happy for
you to take. This works best when you have no intention of dealing with what
ails you." (MB)
" 'It's not my fault. If only...' If only everybody did what you wanted, you
would not be in such misery, so blame everybody else, blame everything else,
blame it on Rio, the full moon, whatever, but it is not your fault. You are
not accountable to anyone, not even yourself!" (MB)
"Resentment is a dish best served hot, swimming in a rich sauce of
self-pity." (MB)
"Make this your mantra: Nobody loves me, everybody hates me, the world is
against me! Say it enough, and you'll be darned if it weren't true!" (MB)
"Be inconsistent and unpredictable in your affection toward your spouse.
They may never know if you truly love them, but at least they can't say you are
boring." (MB)
Make everyone feel guilty for not giving you enough attention and praise.
Make your wife feel guilty for not constantly noticing you and admiring you.
Make your kids feel guilty for not saying "thank you" when you do things
with them.
Let everyone know how lucky they are that you are in their presence.
If you're not entirely sure of the facts, make them up. Never, EVER user the
phrase "I don't know." It is far more important to SOUND like an expert than
actually to BE one. (RDA)
Scr** the other guy before he can scr** you. (RDA)
When your partner walks into the room looking great and gleaming, withhold
all compliments and affection. Keep a stern expression and yell out a string of
commands like: "Put your cup in the sink!", "Get that book off the TV.!",
"Stop the dog from scratching!", "Hurry up! We're late!", "Get your keys;
you're driving!" (Bertha W.)
When you come home to the house beautifully clean and your wife obviously
worked all day on it, and the wife greets you with a smile and dressed pretty,
make sure you tell here that she didn't wipe down the light switches. (Bertha
W.)
Have your wife always serve your dinner to you, and run constant errands for
you like getting tools, or finding socks. THE FOLLOWING IS A CRUCIAL PART TO
THE PLAN: Never wait on her. If she asks for you to make her a cup of tea
tell, her she doesn't need it. Then when she refuses to wait on you until you
reciprocate, make your own dinner. NOTE: be sure to put on a big pathetic
show of your actions while preparing you food. But never give in to her
demands. Your are the only one deserving of being waited on hand and foot. She
is
incapable of earning that right. (Bertha W.)
Never work on your marriage, then blame your wife when she's had enough and
seeks a divorce. (NW)
Insult your wife in front of the kids, then tell everyone and anyone who'll
listen that she's trying to turn the kids against you. (NW)
Ignore your wife and then tell her that the relationship problems are all
her fault because you aren't getting on. (NW)
Be nice to your wife only when you want something: money, sex help with your
problems. As soon as you get what you want, go back to being nasty and cold
towards her. (NW)
Constantly accuse her of cheating, then go join a couple of dating agencies
so you can have her replacement ready when the relationship ends. (NW)
Make promises to take your wife out and do things together, then don't
bother; the excuse being lack of money, no time, forgot.......place your own
reasons here. (NW)
Throw tantrums when your wife refuses to go with you anywhere as the only
reason you would have to invite her out in the first place is so that she can
sit in the car where you can see her. (NW)
Isolate her from friends and family and when she complains that you two
haven't spoken in months, tell her you're too busy working whilst what you're
really doing is surfing. This way you remain in control of her time and yours.
(NW)
True Story: Keep your partner at bay - quoting, "I need space and although
you don't understand it, it's the only way I know how to deal with my worries.
Furthermore, I can't be around anyone now; that drains me, so your feelings
are unimportant." Nevertheless, after 7 months of mixed messages of "Is there
hope?" ,"Is there some reconciliation?", after calling you and asking you
for a favor, when he ready to discuss "us", he shouted out, "You're jealous,
too emotional, and I 'm having sex with someone else." There's one for you .
(TM)
Abuse others and then claim that they "deserve" it because they abused you
"first"! (Free Terri)
HAPPY NEW YEAR!
Be who you are and say what you feel,
because those who mind don't matter,
and those who matter don't mind.
- Dr. Suess
Yahoo! Groups: End_Verbal_Abuse Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse)
Yahoo! Groups: CoDependents Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents)
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
On Personal Responsibility
picked up off the web as contributed by G. Droll
I asked God to take away my pain. God said, No.
It is not for me to take away, but for you to give it up.
I asked God to make my handicapped child whole. God said, No.
Her spirit was whole, her body was only temporary.
I asked God to grant me patience. God said, No.
Patience is a by-product of tribulations, it isn't granted, it is earned.
I asked God to give me happiness. God said, No.
I give you blessings, Happiness is up to you.
I asked God to spare me pain. God said, No.
Suffering draws you apart from worldly cares and brings you closer to me.
I asked God to make my spirit grow. God said, No.
You must grow on your own, but I will prune you to make you fruitful.
I asked for all things that I might enjoy life. God said, No.
I will give you life so that you may enjoy all things.
I asked God to help me LOVE others, as much as he loves me.
God said...Ahhhh, finally you have the idea.
HAPPY NEW YEAR!
Be who you are and say what you feel,
because those who mind don't matter,
and those who matter don't mind.
- Dr. Suess
Yahoo! Groups: End_Verbal_Abuse Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse)
Yahoo! Groups: CoDependents Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents)
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Abuse cloaked in the guise of caring or love...
Many people find it difficult to determine what constitutes emotional abuse.
The media is full of information about physical and sexual abuse, but
emotional abuse seems to be much more difficult to define. A few writers have
begun to address this form of abuse, provide new insight into this form of
abusive behavior, and explore the damage caused by it. Most of the information
here will be taken from the book, The Emotionally Abused Woman, by Beverly
Engel.
Ten Behaviors that Characterize Emotional Abuse
"Abuse is any behavior that is designed to control and subjugate another
human being through the use of fear, humiliation, and verbal or physical
assaults. Emotional abuse is any kind of abuse that is emotional rather than
physical in nature. It can include anything from verbal abuse and constant
criticism
to more subtle tactics such as intimidation, manipulation, and refusal to
ever be pleased." (p. 10)
According to Engel, there are ten behaviors that characterize emotional
abuse: domination, verbal assaults, abusive expectations, emotional blackmail,
unpredictable responses, constant criticism, character assassination, gas
lighting, constant chaos, and sexual harassment. Following are brief
descriptions
of each.
Domination: A dominator needs to control everything. He decides who you talk
to, where you go, what you wear, how much money you have, what you do and
when. They frequently will use anger or threats to get what they want from you.
They have all the rights, you have none (p. 13).
Verbal Assaults: An abuser will use "berating, belittling, criticism, name
calling, screaming, threatening, blaming, and using sarcasm and humiliation."
(p 14). These assaults induce fear in the victim and passivity.
Abusive Expectations: Many abusers use constant demands to wear down their
victim. They require constant attention, emotionally, physically and sexually.
Their victim is expected to drop everything and everybody else to meet the
immediate demands of the abuser. Since it is impossible to meet ALL of
anyone's needs, no matter what the victim does it will not be good enough,
resulting
in constant criticism (p. 15).
Emotional Blackmail: An abuser uses manipulation and coercion to control
their victim. They find it easy to use guilt, fear, or even the victims caring
feelings towards him to manipulate situations to get what they want. Threats
of ending the relationship or giving the "silent treatment" are forms of
emotional blackmail (p. 16).
Unpredictable Responses: To keep his victim constantly on edge, an abuser
will suddenly change his mood or demands. The victim never knows what to
expect. When you think he will react one way he will often react just the
opposite. This prevents an opportunity for the victim to feel any sense of
stability
(p. 17).
Constant Criticism: Through constantly finding fault, the abuser wears down
the ability of the victim to believe she has any worth or ability to think
for herself. Over a period of time he is able to convince his victim that she
is incapable of managing on her own (p. 17).
Character Assassination: According to Engel character assassination "Occurs
when someone constantly blows your mistakes out of proportion; gossips about
your past failures and mistakes and tells lies about you; humiliates,
criticizes, or makes fun of you in front of others; and discounts your
achievements." (p. 17-18).
Gas lighting: This is a technique of trying to make the victim believe she
is insane. The victim is told hat things she thought happened, didn't; that
things that were said, weren't. An subtle attack is made on the ability of the
victim to recall things properly. Her honest or sanity is called into question
(p. 18-19).
Constant Chaos: Constant arguments and conflict are used to create chaos and
instability. As soon as things are calm individual who are addicted to chaos
will instigate a fight to satisfy their inability to live in peace. By doing
this they force those around them to live in the same chaos. Eventually
everyone becomes uncomfortable with peace and calm (p. 19).
Sexual Harassment: According to Engel Sexual harassment is "whenever a woman
is pressured into becoming sexual against her will." (p. 19). Although the
term is most frequently used (and legally used) in terms of the workplace, the
behaviors involved can be applied to a personal relationship. Sexual
harassment includes "sexist jokes, comments on ones body and ones real or
imagined
sex life, and sexual propositions. It can also include other forms of emotional
abuse to coerce a woman to perform sexually.
Financial Abuse: occurs when money is used to control or limit one person.
The victim is expected to account for all expenditures. Money, food, clothes,
even medicine can be withheld at the whim of the person holding the bank
book. The abuser may always find money for his interests and hobbies but the
bills don't get paid or essentials are not provided. Some abusers will insist
the
partner stay at home and not be out in the workforce but not acknowledge the
work done in the home. If value is seen only through how much money one
makes then the person staying at home becomes devalued.
Any one of these on occasion may be used by individuals. However it is the
constant use of these behaviors used specifically to get one personal needs
met at the expense of the other that are destructive. Victims often feel
helpless, guilty, not good enough, like they deserve it. Engel states that "True
emotional abuse is distinguished by the following:
It is constant, as opposed to occasional.
The intent is to devalue and denigrate rather than to simply state a
complaint.
The intent is to dominate and control rather than to provide constructive
criticism.
The person has an overall attitude of disrespect toward you, rather than
just not liking something specific that you are doing." (p. 22)
The saddest thing about this type of abuse is that despite the tremendous
damage it does to the victims, it is rarely identified as abusive behavior.
Many of the victims who have experienced this type of emotional abuse, have
been
convinced of their inability to function in the world without their partner.
They are convinced that they deserve the treatment or that there is nothing
they can do to make it right. Some even say, "They only say (or do) that
because they love me and want to help me be a better person." Like any victim of
mind control techniques, the victim is unable to see the abuse because it has
been cloaked in the guise of caring or love. And the victim that believes
that this is love, is more at risk for either returning to an abusive
relationship or getting into another one after leaving the first. Victims have
learned
that love hurts. How sad.
There is hope. Many people are learning about emotional abuse, what it is,
what its effects are, and how to stop it. Information, support groups and
friends, and therapy are helping victims to break the patterns of abuse in their
families. By doing this they teach their children that they do not have to
tolerate abuse when they grow up, that abuse is not a part of love and that they
deserve better. Many are learning and growing and are eventually able to
sustain a healthy non abusive relationship.
(1) Beverly Engel. (1990) The Emotionally Abused Woman. New York:
Ballantine.
HAPPY NEW YEAR!
Be who you are and say what you feel,
because those who mind don't matter,
and those who matter don't mind.
- Dr. Suess
Yahoo! Groups: End_Verbal_Abuse Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse)
Yahoo! Groups: CoDependents Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents)
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Just FYI: I didn't write this piece. I don't know who did. Just so everyone
knows because sometimes people reply to articles I post and it looks as if I
wrote them, lol.
Gaslighting and Reality
Imagine that you got up one morning and everything was different. Suppose
that your life partner asked you why you were wearing a blue shirt when you
knew you were wearing a white shirt and seemed puzzled when you insisted that
you saw it as white. Suppose you got to work and your telephone extension had
been changed from 4432 to 4435 but everyone insisted that it had always been
4435.
Imagine what you would begin to think if you pointed out a new piece of art
in your favorite restaurant only to be told by your lunch partner that it had
always hung just where it was. Imagine that you began to notice that you
experienced a reality slightly but significantly different from the reality
other people experienced.
What if these sort of oddities began happening day in and day out? The
world that other people perceived, understood, and remembered was different
from
the world you understood. And now suppose that this condition persisted, not
just for days, but for weeks, months, and even years.
What do you think would begin to happen inside of you? You might get angry
with everyone in the world because they saw the world differently from you -
you might continue to insist that you are right. But after a while your anger
would probably fade. If you have a shred of rationality, you would begin to
think, "How likely is it that I alone think my shirt is white, my phone
number is 4432, and the painting is new? If everyone I trust thinks the world
is different from the way I think the world is, there must be something wrong
with me."
If you have a shred of rationality, you would begin to think that it was
you. Your anger and frustration would begin to shift and include anxiety or
even
fear, depression, confusion, and self-doubt. If you have a shred of
rationality, you would wonder if you might be going crazy.
Watch a baby test the world and learn about her reality detection devices.
The baby reaches out her hand, picks up the pretty bobble, raises it over her
head, and lets it fall back to the surface. She giggles with glee. She is
delighted by her reliable and consistent understanding of the way gravity works
in the universe. She couldn't tell you that. But inside, she knows what she
is learning. She is learning that reality is consistent and that her senses
are
reliable devices for detecting reality. Her self-esteem is building. She is
thinking (in baby think), "I can, I can, I can..."
Surprise changes in reality are amusing in small, brief doses. It is why we
like jokes and are excited by thunder. When reality briefly defies our
perception, we get a rush from the novelty and then quickly restore ourselves
to
reality. But the story is different if reality is altered in permanent ways.
It is a different story if those we trust to help us remain in touch with
reality tell us that we are not in touch with reality. We begin to feel odd.
"I
see dead people".
We check out reality with other people all the time. It is part of how we
keep our reality detection devices properly tuned. "Do you see what I see? Is
it
me or is that ladies hair on fire?" Our self-esteem suffers and our trust in
ourselves begins to erode if our reality detection devices begin to seem
unreliable. In the end, we begin to think we are crazy. This is an essential
component of bona fide Brainwashing. If you have complete control over another
person and you make reality unpredictable, they have to rely on you for
reality. "Today is Tuesday. So is Tomorrow." The organizing fabric of reality
as
derived from sensory and perception begins to deteriorate if that reality is
not validated by those around us. This is a technique for making other
people crazy.
This sort of reality distortion is a principal plot device in the play and
movie, Gaslight. A man marries a naive young woman and sets out to drive her
crazy so that he can steal her jewels. Each time he leaves the house the gas
lights dim and she hears footsteps on the floor above (he sneaks back in by a
secret stairway, dims the light, and walks the floor). No one else notices
and he insists that he was away. She begins to think she is crazy. The more
the
victim of Gaslighting trusts the person who is bending reality, the more the
victim suffers.
Some people claim that the partner of someone who is having an affair
always knows. I doubt that is true. But I do think that partners often know
that
something is amiss - if they pay attention to their intuition. And that
holds for more than affairs. I think most people detect subtle shifts in the
conduct
and emotion and mood - the aspect if you will - of their partners. When we
detect shifts, we check it out by asking questions. Usually, if our intuition
is working and our friends are truthful, they validate our intuition.
Sex addicts lie to keep their secret lives secret. They lie by omission and
commission. They lie to lots of people. Most especially, they lie to their
partners. They lie to cover up. They lie when their partners ask questions and
express suspicion and doubt. Addicts gaslight their partners. This is one of
the wounds that partners suffer and must heal.
When addicts get into recovery they are often surprised by the intensity of
their partners reactions. But reflect on the little thought experiment that
began this essay. When you deceived your partner, you caused her or him to
call reality into question. You damaged their relationship with reality.
Because your partner trusted you - trusted that you would not distort reality
-
your partner may have felt quite crazy. There is relief for partners when they
know the truth - they begin to know that they are not crazy and so can
begin to restore their own relationship with reality. But trust does not
restore
quickly.
Return to your imagination and think what you would think and feel if your
partner and coworkers and friends admitted that they had been deliberately
distorting reality to keep secrets and make you crazy. Imagine that they had
been doing that for years. Even if those people disclosed their acts,
expressed their remorse, and promised never to do that again, how long would it
take you to again trust them to validate your reality?
Author Unknown
HAPPY NEW YEAR!
Be who you are and say what you feel,
because those who mind don't matter,
and those who matter don't mind.
- Dr. Suess
Yahoo! Groups: End_Verbal_Abuse Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse)
Yahoo! Groups: CoDependents Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents)
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Before some of you ask, as invariably some members do, not ALL codependents
are passive! There are different degrees and stages of codependency, so that
some codependents can be outwardly angry and/or aggressive (i.e., those
codependents who realize they are being abused can, understandably, feel
outraged
by this and not be afraid to say something about it either). Some
codependents can even be abusive. In fact, DR Irene (an authority on abusers)
believes
many abusers are codependent, too.
Therefore, please consider determining for yourself with the aid of a
counselor/some self-help books if you are codependent or not (although DR Irene
also believes that ALL targets of abuse are codependent) - as opposed to
reading
on a list posted here, "Codependents don't know how to ask for what they
want," for example, and assuming, "Oh, I must not be codependent then! I have
no
problem telling my abuser that he/she is abusive and that I want him/her to
get counseling!"
I personally view codependency, succinctly, as having an over dependency on
a 'toxic' person (drug addict, alcoholic, verbal abuser, etc.), and having
the compulsion to change, fix, save, and control said toxic person, rather than
working on one's own issues - whether one is meek as a mouse or a raging
bull. Simplifying it in this manner has enabled me to better recover from my
own
codependency, instead of getting bogged down by the customary traits of
codependents. I.e., "Well, according to this list I am this, but not that, I am
this, but not that," and so on.
Free Terri
HAPPY NEW YEAR!
Be who you are and say what you feel,
because those who mind don't matter,
and those who matter don't mind.
- Dr. Suess
Yahoo! Groups: End_Verbal_Abuse Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse)
Yahoo! Groups: CoDependents Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents)
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
If only the abuser would stop! Codependency and addiction to chaos...
Ironically, codependency isn't about other people - it's about the
relationship with the self. Codependents often believe that if the addict,
alcoholic,
or abuser in their life got clean, sobered up, or stopped abusing that their
problems would go away. Yet, codependents in denial cannot adjust to the
relationship changes that occur when their partner begins recovery. They may
move on to other addictive or abusive relationships so they can cling to their
own dysfunctional patterns (the controlling codependent is often lost without
someone to blame, fix, save, and control!). How many times have you heard of
people who leave one drug addict, alcoholic, or abuser only to enter a
relationship with another one?
All people involved in the addictive cycle need a solid recovery program if
relationships are to be preserved and they are to lead happy, fulfilling
lives.
Codependency Recovery:
Recovery from codependency is deep work based on shifting our relationship
with ourselves. We may have to let go if the people in our lives are unwilling
to work through their issues. "Firing" the people we were codependent with
may be a part of that, but remember - codependency is about us, not them!
Recovery from codependency involves learning to take responsibility for our own
actions, feelings, behavior, issues, and lives.
Codependents have as much difficulty accepting their powerlessness over
people and events as alcoholics, addicts, and abusers have regarding their own
powerlessness (many treatment modalities approach codependency as an addiction
to control and/or caretaking.) Ongoing therapy and a twelve step program
(CODA meetings or Al-Alon meetings if CODA meetings are not available in your
area) are highly advised. Melody Beattie's Codependent No More is recommended
reading, as is her book The Language of Letting Go.
Letting go of the need to control people, places, and events is difficult,
but will ultimately set us free of our self-defeating patterns, shame, and
fear. The investment in caretaking/control take a lot of our energy - letting
that go frees our energy for more productive uses.
Characteristics of Codependency
Symptoms of Codependency:
Inability to know what "normal" is.
Difficulty in following a project through.
Difficulty having fun.
Judging self, others without mercy.
Low self esteem, often projected onto others. (eg: Why don't they get their
act together!)
Difficulty in developing or sustaining meaningful relationships.
Belief that others cause or are responsible for the codependent's emotions.
(Codependents often use language like "you make me feel ______", or "I was
made to feel like____")
Overreacting to change (or intense fear of/inability to deal with change.)
Inability to see alternatives to situations, thus responding very
impulsively.
Constantly seeking approval and affirmation, yet having compromised sense of
self.
Feelings of being different.
Confusion and sense of inadequacy.
Being either super responsible or super irresponsible. (Or alternating
between these.)
Lack of self confidence in making decisions, no sense of power in making
choices.
Feeling of fear, insecurity, inadequacy, guilt, hurt, and shame which are
denied.
Isolation and fear of people, resentment of authority figures.
Fear of anger or bottling anger up till it explodes.
Hypersensitivity to criticism.
Being addicted to excitement / drama. (Chaos making.)
Dependency upon others and fear of abandonment.
Avoidance of relationships to guard against abandonment fears.
Confusion between love and pity.
Tendency to look for "victims" to help.
Rigidity and need to control.
Lies, when it would be just as easy to tell the truth.
Are you codependent?
Melody Beattie, author of Codependent No More developed this check list:
Do you feel responsible for other people--their feelings, thoughts, actions,
choices, wants, needs, well-being and destiny?
Do you feel compelled to help people solve their problems or by trying to
take care of their feelings?
Do you find it easier to feel and express anger about injustices done to
others than about injustices done to you?
Do you feel safest and most comfortable when you are giving to others?
Do you feel insecure and guilty when someone gives to you?
Do you feel empty, bored and worthless if you don't have someone else to
take care of, a problem to solve, or a crisis to deal with (addiction to drama
or chaos)?
Are you often unable to stop talking, thinking and worrying about other
people and their problems?
Do you lose interest in your own life when you are in love?
Do you stay in relationships that don't work and tolerate abuse in order to
keep people loving you?
Do you leave bad relationships only to form new ones that don't work,
either?
Characteristics of Codependency
Following is a commonly used list of characteristics of codependency.
My good feelings about who I am stem from being liked by you
My good feelings about who I am stem from receiving approval from you
Your struggle affects my serenity. My mental attention focuses on solving
your problems/relieving your pain
My mental attention is focused on you
My mental attention is focused on protecting you
My mental attention is focused on manipulating you to do it my way
My self-esteem is bolstered by solving your problems
My self-esteem is bolstered by relieving your pain
My own hobbies/interests are put to one side. My time is spent sharing your
hobbies/interests
Your clothing and personal appearance are dictated by my desires and I feel
you are a reflection of me
Your behaviour is dictated by my desires and I feel you are a reflection of
me
I am not aware of how I feel. I am aware of how you feel.
I am not aware of what I want - I ask what you want. I am not aware - I
assume
The dreams I have for my future are linked to you
My fear of rejection determines what I say or do
My fear of your anger determines what I say or do
I use giving as a way of feeling safe in our relationship
My social circle diminishes as I involve myself with you
I put my values aside in order to connect with you
I value your opinion and way of doing things more than my own
The quality of my life is in relation to the quality of yours
What is Codependency?
These patterns and characteristics are offered as a tool to aid in self
evaluation. They may be particularly helpful to newcomers as they begin to
understand codependency and may aid those who have been in recovery a while
determining what traits still need attention and transformation.
Denial Patterns:
I have difficulty identifying what I am feeling.
I minimize, alter, or deny how I truly feel.
I perceive myself as completely unselfish and dedicated to the well being of
others.
Low Self Esteem Patterns:
I have difficulty making decisions.
I judge everything I think, say, or do harshly, as never "good enough."
I am embarrassed to receive recognition and praise or gifts.
I do not ask others to meet my needs or desires.
I value other's approval of my thinking, feelings, and behaviors over my
own.
I do not perceive myself as a lovable or worthwhile person.
Compliance Patterns:
I compromise my own values and integrity to avoid rejection or others'
anger.
I am very sensitive to how others are feeling and feel the same.
I am extremely loyal, remaining in harmful situations too long.
I value others' opinions and feelings more than my own and am often afraid
to express differing opinions and feelings of my own.
I put aside my own interests and hobbies in order to do what others want.
I accept sex when I want love.
Control Patterns:
I believe most other people are incapable of taking care of themselves.
I attempt to convince others of what they "should" think and how they
"truly" feel.
I become resentful when others will not let me help them.
I freely offer others advice and directions without being asked.
I lavish gifts and favors on those I care about.
I use sex to gain approval and acceptance.
I have to be "needed" in order to have a relationship with others.
Characteristics of Codependent People
We have an overdeveloped sense of responsibility and it is easier for us to
be concerned with others rather than ourselves. This in turn enabled us not
to look too closely at our faults.
We "stuff" our feelings from our traumatic childhoods and have lost the
ability to feel or express our feelings because it hurts too much.
We are isolated from and afraid of people and authority figures.
We have become approval seekers and have lost our identity in the process.
We are frightened by angry people and any personal criticism.
We live from the viewpoint of victims and are attacked by that weakness in
our love and friendship relationships.
We judge ourselves harshly and have a low sense of self esteem.
We are dependent personalities who are terrified of abandonment. We will do
anything to hold onto a relationship in order to not experience painful
abandonment feelings which we received from living with people who were never
there emotionally for us.
We experience guilt feelings when we stand up for ourselves instead of
giving in to others.
We confuse love and pity and tend to "love" people we can pity and rescue.
We have either become chemically dependent, married one or both, or found
another compulsive personality, such a workaholic to fulfill our own compulsive
needs.
We have become addicted to excitement.
We are reactors in life rather than actors.
Signs and Symptoms of Codependency
Codependency involves a habitual system of thinking, feeling, and behaving
toward ourselves and others that can cause pain. Codependent behaviors or
habits are self-destructive.
We frequently react to people who are destroying themselves; we react by
learning to destroy ourselves. These habits can lead us into, or keep us in,
destructive relationships that don't work. These behaviors can sabotage
relationships that may otherwise have worked. These behaviors can prevent us
from
finding peace and happiness with the most important person in our lives...
ourselves. These behaviors belong to the only person we can change.. ourselves.
These are our problems.
The following are characteristics of codependent persons: (We started to do
these things out of necessity to protect ourselves and meet our needs.)
CareTaking
Codependents may:
Think and feel responsible for other people---for other people's feelings,
thoughts, actions, choices, wants, needs, well-being, lack of well-being, and
ultimate destiny.
Feel anxiety, pity, and guilt when other people have a problem.
Feel compelled - almost forced - to help that person solve the problem, such
as offering unwanted advice, giving a rapid-fire series of suggestions, or
fixing feelings.
Feel angry when their help isn't effective.
Anticipate other people's needs.
Wonder why others don't do the same for them.
Don't really want to be doing, doing more than their fair share of the work,
and doing things other people are capable of doing for themselves.
Not knowing what they want and need, or if they do, tell themselves what
they want and need is not important.
Try to please others instead of themselves.
Find it easier to feel and express anger about injustices done to others
rather than injustices done to themselves.
Feel safest when giving.
Feel insecure and guilty when somebody gives to them.
Feel sad because they spend their whole lives giving to other people and
nobody gives to them.
Find themselves attracted to needy people.
Find needy people attracted to them.
Feel bored, empty, and worthless if they don't have a crisis in their lives,
a problem to solve, or someone to help.
Abandon their routine to respond to or do something for somebody else.
Overcommit themselves.
Feel harried and pressured.
Believe deep inside other people are somehow responsible for them.
Blame others for the spot the codependents are in.
Say other people make the codependents feel the way they do.
Believe other people are making them crazy.
Feel angry, victimized, unappreciated, and used.
Find other people become impatient or angry with them for all of the
preceding characteristics.
Low Self Worth
Codependents tend to:
Come from troubled, repressed, or dysfunctional families.
Deny their family was troubled, repressed or dysfunctional.
Blame themselves for everything.
Blame others for everything.
Pick on themselves for everything, including the way they think, feel, look,
act, and behave.
Get angry, defensive, self-righteous, and indigent when others blame and
criticize the codependents -- something codependents regularly do to
themselves.
Reject compliments or praise.
Get depressed from a lack of compliments and praise (stroke deprivation).
Feel different from the rest of the world.
Think they're not quite good enough.
Feel guilty about spending money on themselves or doing unnecessary or fun
things for themselves.
Fear rejection.
Take things personally.
Have been victims of sexual, physical, or emotional abuse,neglect,
abandonment, or alcoholism.
Feel like victims.
Tell themselves they can't do anything right.
Be afraid of making mistakes.
Wonder why they have a tough time making decisions.
Have a lot of "shoulds".
Feel a lot of guilt.
Feel ashamed of who they are.
Think their lives are not worth living.
Try to help other people live their lives instead.
Get artificial feelings of self-worth from helping others.
Get strong feelings of low self-worth - embarrassment, failure, etc...from
other people's failures and problems.
Wish good things would happen to them.
Believe good things never will happen.
Believe they don't deserve good things and happiness.
Wish others would like and love them.
Believe other people couldn't possibly like and love them.
Try to prove they're good enough for other people.
Settle for being needed.
Repression
Many Codependents:
Push their thoughts and feelings out of their awareness because of fear and
guilt.
Become afraid to let themselves be who they are.
Appear rigid and controlled.
Obsession
Codependents tend to:
Feel terribly anxious about problems and people.
Worry about the silliest things.
Think and talk a lot about other people.
Lose sleep over problems or other people's behavior.
Worry.
Never Find answers.
Check on people.
Try to catch people in acts of misbehavior.
Feel unable to quit talking, thinking, and worrying about other people or
problems.
Abandon their routine because they are so upset about somebody or something.
Focus all their energy on other people and problems.
Wonder why they never have any energy.
Wonder why they can't get things done.
Controlling
Many codependents:
Have lived through events and with people that were out of control, causing
the codependents sorrow and disappointment.
Become afraid to let other people be who they are and allow events to happen
naturally.
Don't see or deal with their fear of loss of control.
Think they know best how things should turn out and how people should
behave.
Try to control events and people through helplessness, guilt, coercion,
threats, advice-giving, manipulation, or domination.
Eventually fail in their efforts or provoke people's anger.
Get frustrated and angry.
Feel controlled by events and people.
Denial
Codependents tend to:
Ignore problems or pretend they aren't happening.
Pretend circumstances aren't as bad as they are.
Tell themselves things will be better tomorrow.
Stay busy so they don't have to think about things.
Get confused.
Get depressed or sick.
Go to doctors and get tranquilizers.
Become workaholics.
Spend money compulsively.
Overeat.
Pretend those things aren't happening either.
Watch problems get worse.
Believe lies.
Lie to themselves.
Wonder why they feel like they're going crazy.
Dependency
Many codependents:
Don't feel happy, content, or peaceful with themselves.
Look for happiness outside themselves.
Latch onto whoever or whatever they think can provide happiness.
Feel terribly threatened by the loss of any thing or person they think
proves their happiness.
Didn't feel love and approval from their parents.
Don't love themselves.
Believe other people can't or don't love them.
Desperately seek love and approval.
Often seek love from people incapable of loving.
Believe other people are never there for them.
Equate love with pain.
Feel they need people more than they want them.
Try to prove they're good enough to be loved.
Don't take time to see if other people are good for them.
Worry whether other people love or like them.
Don't take time to figure out if they love or like other people.
Center their lives around other people.
Look for relationships to provide all their good feelings.
Lost interest in their own lives when they love.
Worry other people will leave them.
Don't believe they can take care of themselves.
Stay in relationships that don't work.
Tolerate abuse to keep people loving them.
Feel trapped in relationships.
Wonder if they will ever find love.
Poor Communication
Codependents frequently:
Control.
Blame.
Threaten.
Coerce.
Beg.
Bribe.
Advise.
Don't say what they mean.
Don't mean what they say.
Don't know what they mean.
Don't take themselves seriously.
Think other people don't take the codependents seriously.
Take themselves too seriously.
Ask for what they want and need indirectly - sighing, for example.
Find it difficult to get to the point.
Aren't sure what the point is.
Gauge their words carefully to achieve a desired effect.
Try to say what they think will please people.
Try to say what they think will provoke people.
Try to say what they hop will make people do what they want them to do.
Eliminate the word NO from their vocabulary.
Talk too much.
Talk about other people.
Avoid talking about themselves, their problems, feelings, and thoughts.
Say everything is their fault.
Say nothing is their fault.
Believe their opinions don't matter.
Want to express their opinions until they know other people's opinions.
Lie to protect and cover up for people they love.
Have a difficult time asserting their rights.
Have a difficult time expressing their emotions honestly, openly, and
appropriately.
Think most of what they have to say is unimportant.
Begin to talk in Cynical, self-degrading, or hostile ways.
Apologize for bothering people.
Weak Boundaries
Codependents frequently:
Say they won't tolerate certain behaviors from other people.
Gradually increase their tolerance until they can tolerate and do things
they said they would never do.
Let others hurt them.
Keep letting others hurt them.
Wonder why they hurt so badly.
Complain, blame, and try to control while they continue to stand there.
Finally get angry.
Become totally intolerant.
Lack of Trust
Codependents:
Don't trust themselves.
Don't trust their feelings.
Don't trust their decisions.
Don't trust other people.
Try to trust untrustworthy people.
Think God has abandoned them.
Lose faith and trust in God.
Anger
Many Codependents:
Feel very scared, hurt, and angry.
Live with people who are very scared, hurt, and angry.
Are afraid of their own anger.
Are frightened of other people's anger.
Think people will go away if anger enters the picture.
Feel controlled by other people's anger.
Repress their angry feelings.
Think other people make them feel angry.
Are afraid to make other people feel anger.
Cry a lot, get depressed, overact, get sick, do mean and nasty things to get
even, act hostile, or have violent temper outbursts.
Punish other people for making the codependents angry.
Have been shamed for feeling angry.
Place guilt and shame on themselves for feeling angry.
Feel increasing amounts of anger, resentment, and bitterness.
Feel safer with their anger than hurt feelings.
Wonder if they'll ever not be angry.
Sex Problems
Some codependents:
Are caretakers in the bedroom.
Have sex when they don't want to.
Have sex when they'd rather be held, nurtured, and loved.
Try to have sex when they're angry or hurt.
Refuse to enjoy sex because they're so angry at their partner.
Are afraid of losing control.
Have a difficult time asking for what they need in bed.
Withdraw emotionally from their partner.
Feel sexual revulsion toward their partner.
Don't talk about it.
Force themselves to have sex, anyway.
Reduce sex to a technical act.
Wonder why they don't enjoy sex.
Lose interest in sex.
Make up reasons to abstain.
Wish their sex partner would die, go away, or sense the codependent's
feelings.
Have strong sexual fantasies about other people.
Consider or have an extramarital affair.
Miscellaneous
Codependents tend to:
Be extremely responsible.
Be extremely irresponsible.
Become martyrs, sacrificing their happiness and that of others for causes
that don't require sacrifice.
Find it difficult to feel close to people.
Find it difficult to have fun and be spontaneous.
Have an overall passive response to codependency - crying, hurt,
helplessness.
Have an overall aggressive response to codependency - violence, anger,
dominance.
Combine passive and aggressive responses.
Vacillate in decisions and emotions.
Laugh when they feel like crying.
Stay loyal to their compulsions and people even when it hurts.
Be ashamed about family, personal, or relationship problems.
Be confused about the nature of the problem.
Cover up, lie, and protect the problem.
Not seek help because they tell themselves the problem isn't bad enough, or
they aren't important enough.
Wonder why the problem doesn't go away.
Progressive
In the later stages of codependency, codependents may:
Feel lethargic.
Feel depressed.
Become withdrawn and isolated.
Experience a complete loss of daily routine and structure.
Abuse or neglect their children and other responsibilities.
Feel hopeless.
Begin to plan their escape from a relationship they feel trapped in.
Think about suicide.
Become violent.
Become seriously emotionally, mentally, or physically ill.
Experience an eating disorder (over - or under eating).
Become addicted to alcohol or other drugs.
HAPPY NEW YEAR!
Be who you are and say what you feel,
because those who mind don't matter,
and those who matter don't mind.
- Dr. Suess
Yahoo! Groups: End_Verbal_Abuse Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/End_Verbal_Abuse)
Yahoo! Groups: CoDependents Group Leader
_http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents_
(http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Codependents)
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