The saphenous vein, which begins in your foot and ends in your thigh, is the longest vein in your body. Saphenous vein graft surgery involves removing a section of your saphenous vein and grafting it onto the tunica albuginea (the fibrous sheath in your penis composed of collagen and elastic fibers that maintain and support the rigidity of erectile function) to enlarge it.

The corpora cavernosa is the cave-like structure in your penis that houses your erectile tissues. The tunica encases the corpora cavernosa. If the corpora cavernosa was a blood vessel, then the tunica would be its wall. The capacity of your tunica determines the size of your tool – thus, male enhancement methods like saphenous vein graft surgery attempt to manipulate it.

Since the saphenous vein is easy to find, it has been used as the conduit of choice when performing heart bypass surgery. The saphenous vein makes an ideal donor material for tunica grafts because the two are very similar in structure and thickness. Because it's so thin, the saphenous graft quickly provides a blood supply from the corpora cavernosa; and since it's a vein, its endothelium lining releases anticoagulants that prevent hematomas.

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