Last Minute Rulemaking by Bush USDA Threatens Organic Farmers
http://www.commondreams.org/newswire/2008/12/03-5
 
Consumers and Farmers Join Together to Promote Organic Integrity
 

CORNUCOPIA, Wisconsin - December 3 - Many media outlets, from the New York Times
to the blogosphere, have tracked what has been dubbed the "corporate takeover"
of organic farming.  One of the hottest controversies in this rapidly growing
$20 billion industry has been giant factory farms milking thousands of cows each
in feedlots and masquerading as organic.  Some of these industrial dairies are
controlled by the nation's largest agribusinesses.
Since the organic community first appealed to the USDA for better clarification
and enforcement of regulations requiring organic dairy producers to graze their
cattle, nearly 9 years ago, the number of giant industrial dairy operations,
with as many as 10,000 cows, has grown from two to approximately 15.  After
years of delay, the USDA has finally responded with a new proposed rule that
they said would crack down on abuses. 
"The birds have come home to roost," said Mark Kastel, Senior Farm Policy
Analyst for The Cornucopia Institute.  The Wisconsin-based farm policy research
group estimates there are 35,000 to 45,000 cows on giant CAFOs (concentrated
animal feeding operations) operating in the United States producing as much as
40% of the nation's organic milk supply. 
"These CAFOs are producing so much milk that they have depressed pricing and
profit margins for organic family farmers, and now some are being forced out of
business by this distressing situation," Kastel said.  "Organics was supposed to
be the antidote to family farmers being forced off the land."
The Cornucopia Institute has filed formal legal complaints with the USDA aimed
at compelling the agency to enforce organic livestock and management rules. 
These actions have led to the shut down or penalizing of some of what they call
"organic scofflaws."  But many in the industry criticized the agency for failing
to fully investigate many other alleged violations on giant farms, including
several that supply milk to the nation's largest dairy processor, Dallas-based
Dean Foods.
The new USDA rule proposal and its analysis total 26 pages, as published in the
Federal Register.  The draft rule complies with organic community requests to
close specific loopholes being exploited by factory farms confining their
cattle.  But it also represents the broadest rewrite of federal organic
regulations in the $20 billion industry's relatively short history. 
Some farm advocates believe that the new rules, if enacted, would put out of
business the majority of organic livestock farmers-including hundreds who are
operating ethically.
"At first we were delighted that the USDA had stopped their delaying tactics and
finally published a rule cracking down on the large factory farms that have been
ˇscamming' organic consumers and placing ethical family farmers at a competitive
disadvantage," stated Bill Welch, former member of the National Organic
Standards Board and an Iowa livestock producer.  "Many in the industry have
spent the past weeks carefully examining this dense document, and it has become
painfully clear that it would not only crack down on certain factory farm
abuses, but it's also so restrictive that it would likely put the majority of
family farmers producing organic milk and meat out of business.
"It's inexcusable," noted Ronnie Cummins, Director of the Organic Consumers
Association, "that the USDA would allow, as part of this rule, that conventional
cattle can be brought onto organic farms, and milked, on a continuous basis."
In response to the USDA's sweeping livestock/pasture proposal, a consortium of
organizations representing organic family farmers has crafted an "alternative"
rule proposal.  Led by FOOD Farmers, with support from The Cornucopia Institute,
organic certifiers, and other policy experts, the revisions they have drafted
would carry out what is said to be the will of the organic community, farmers
and consumers.
"You don't have to take the word of The Cornucopia Institute alone that the
Department has ˇKatrina-ed' the organic industry," Kastel stated.  "The USDA
rule proposal is just the latest salvo in this fight," added Kastel.  He noted
that audits by the American National standard Institute (ANSI) and the Inspector
General's office were both highly critical of the USDA's execution of its
Congressional mandate to oversee the organic industry.
The community's alternative proposal, which is now being circulated among
organic farmers and consumer groups, would require that all organic dairy,
sheep, goat, and beef producers graze their animals for the entire grazing
season and sets a minimum percentage of feed from pasture.
A growing body of scientific literature illustrates the nutritional superiority
of milk and meat from organic animals that are grazed on fresh grass, including
higher levels of antioxidants and beneficial fats, like omega-3 fatty acids,
that protect against cancer and heart disease.
"The good news continues to be that the vast majority of all organic dairy
brands available in the marketplace use milk produced by family farmers,"
observed Cummins.  "These farmers truly uphold the high expectations that their
customers have," Cummins said. 
The Cornucopia Institute just updated their path-breaking research study of the
organic dairy sector.  The group's scorecard (found at www.cornucopia.org),
reveals that 85% of the nation's 110 organic dairy brands are meeting the letter
and spirit of current organic federal law.  "Out of 1800 organic dairy farms in
this country, the very few factory farms are a bad aberration, although they are
producing huge quantities of milk," explained Cornucopia's Kastel.
Because of the broad scope of the USDA's proposed rule making, Cornucopia, the
Organic Consumers Association, and some the largest organic certifiers and other
groups representing farmers and consumers are formally asking the USDA to extend
the public comment period for an additional 30 days to January 23, 2009.




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