BACKGROUND
On January 28
Congressman Ron Paul (R-TX)
introduced HR 778, a bill "to authorize the interstate traffic of
unpasteurized milk and milk products that are packaged for direct human
consumption." Under the bill, the federal government "may not
take any action...that would prohibit, interfere with, regulate, or
otherwise restrict the interstate traffic of milk, or a milk product,
that is unpasteurized and packaged for direct human consumption solely
on the basis that the milk or milk product is unpasteurized...."
The bill defines "interstate traffic" as "the movement of any
conveyance or the transportation of persons or property...from a point
of origin in any State or possession to a point of destination in any
other State or possession...."
Passage of the bill
into law would repeal the
federal regulation prohibiting raw milk and raw milk products for human
consumption in interstate commerce. That regulation (21 CFR 1240.61)
provides, in part, that "no person shall cause to be delivered into
interstate commerce or shall sell, otherwise distribute, or hold for
sale or other distribution after shipment in interstate commerce any
milk or milk product in final package form for direct human consumption
unless the product has been pasteurized...."
The regulation is
judge-made law having been issued
in response to a 1986 court order requiring FDA to prohibit the sale of
raw milk and raw milk products in interstate commerce. The people's
branch of government, the Legislature, had no input in the issuance of
the regulation.
The bill honors
States' rights and would not force
a State to legalize the sale of raw milk by producers within its
boundaries nor would it force a State to allow the sale of raw milk
from out-of-State producers in its retail stores. As the law currently
stands, raw milk cannot even be shipped from a State where its sale is
legal into another State where the sale is also legal. The bill would
enable consumers to enter into transactions to obtain raw milk and raw
milk products from other States without the transactions being in
violation of federal law.
The consumption of
raw milk is legal in every
State, yet its sale is currently illegal in about half the States. HR
778 would enable those living in States where the sale of raw milk is
illegal-and those living in States where the sale is legal but sources
are not present-to be able to exercise their legal right to consume raw
milk. As Congressman Paul stated in introducing the bill, "Americans
have the right to consume these products without having the Federal
Government second-guess their judgment about what products best promote
health. If there are legitimate concerns about the safety of
unpasteurized milk, those concerns should be addressed at the state and
local level."
FDA's position is
that "raw milk should not be
consumed by anyone, at any time, for any reason." The agency is
working to impose this belief upon those who would disagree. FDA is
currently pushing some States to toughen their laws on raw milk
production and sales while trying to move other States to ban the sale
or other distribution of raw milk altogether. Rather than meddling in
the States' exercise of their police powers, FDA should be focusing its
resources and attention on the many problems that exist in our
faltering industrial food system.
Raw milk producers
stand to benefit significantly
from the passage of the bill. Nearby and accessible markets would be
opened up to them with the passage of the bill. Small dairy farms,
whose continued existence is threatened, could be enabled to survive
with the additional customers that would now be available to them.
Conventional small dairies suffering from the collapse in milk prices
paid them by dairy cooperatives could transition to selling or
otherwise distributing raw dairy products with a greater likelihood of
success. Lifting the ban would also promote the local food movement by
connecting consumers with producers who happen to live just across
state lines.